scholarly journals Comparative wood anatomy of Ficus cestrifolia (Moraceae) in two distinct soil conditions

Rodriguésia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 2109-2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Carlos Ferreira de Melo Júnior ◽  
Maick Willian Amorim ◽  
Patrícia Soffiatti
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Xylem Structure ◽  
Water Conduction ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Comparative Wood Anatomy

Abstract Wood anatomical traits respond to environmental variables and among them, soil has a direct impact on secondary xylem. This study compares the wood anatomy of two populations of Ficus cestrifolia occurring in two lowland formations of Southern Brazil (MAQ and SJS) with similar climate but different soil conditions. Wood samples were collected at breast height and prepared according to standard wood anatomy techniques. Soil samples were collected and subjected to a nutrient analysis. Wood was described quali and quantitatively. The qualitative wood anatomical features of both populations were similar. Some quantitative differences were observed. In MAQ area, the levels of macro- and micronutrients were higher than in SJS. Its population presented higher vessel frequency, thicker-walled fibers, and lower vulnerability index. SJS's population had longer fibers, wider rays and a higher ray frequency, and higher vulnerability index. This suite of characters indicates that the MAQ population has a safer and more efficient xylem structure for water conduction. Under the influence of similar climate and soil type, differences regarding wood anatomical traits found between the two populations of Ficus cestrifolia can thus be regarded as an ecological response to the micro-environmental soils nutrients composition.

Comparative Wood Anatomy of Perennial Shoots of Potentilla (Rosaceae)

IAWA Journal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stepanova ◽  
E.S. Chavchavadze ◽  
S. Jausen
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
Comparative Wood Anatomy

The wood anatomy of perennial shoots of 26 Potentilla speeies was studied using light and scanning eleetron mieroseopy. Secondary xylem of different growth forms was compared. The wood anatomy of perennial shoots of Potentilla speeies with growth forms intermediate between shrubs and herbs (except P. biflora and P. palustris) is similar to the wood anatomy of shrubs. Wood anatomy ofherbaeeous speeies is diverse, and some features have systematie signifieanee. Parenehymati sation and the anatomie al ehanges eorrelated with this proeess appear to be a general trend in the strueture of secondary xylem in rhizomes of herbaeeous Potentilla. This trend may aiso be eommon in rhizome s of other herbaeeous plants, and further studies are required to investigate this.

Comparative Wood Anatomy of Southern South American Cupressaceae

IAWA Journal ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidel A. Roig
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Parenchyma Cell ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
South American ◽  
Distributional Pattern ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Ray Parenchyma ◽  
Comparative Wood Anatomy ◽  
Fitzroya Cupressoides

The wood anatomy is described for the Cupressaceae indigenous to southem South America: Austrocedrus chilensis, Pilgerodendron uviferum and Fitzroya cupressoides. The abundance and distributional pattern of axial parenchyma within each annual ring, height, and the presence or absence of nodules in the end walls of ray parenchyma are all useful anatomical features for distinguishing between the three species. Physical characteristics such as odour and heartwood colour also can be used to separate these species. Axial parenchyma cell length and tracheid length show considerable interspecific variation. Tracheid lengths of Pilgerodendron, but not of Austrocedrus and Fitzroya, decrease with increasing latitude.

Wood anatomy and conductivity in lianas, shrubs and trees of Bignoniaceae

IAWA Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-432
Author(s):  
Caian Souza Gerolamo ◽  
Veronica Angyalossy
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Hydraulic Efficiency ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Vessel Area ◽  
Water Conduction ◽  
Cambial Variants

This work compares potential xylem hydraulic efficiency among Bignoniaceae lianas, shrubs and trees. Five species from each growth habit were analysed to determine variance among habits based on quantitative and qualitative wood anatomical features. Potential hydraulic conductivity was calculated for each species in order to compare efficiency of water transport. Cambial variants are present in the Bignonieae tribe, as phloem wedges in lianas and phloem arcs in shrubs. Lianas present vessel dimorphism, quantitatively evidenced by the ratio of maximum by minimum vessel diameter of about 20, higher percentage of vessel area and lower percentage of fibres compared with the self-supporting species studied here. Potential hydraulic conductivity is higher in lianas due to the presence of wider vessels and it is hypothesised that the narrow vessels can function as back-up for water conduction when wider vessels are cavitated.

Wood Anatomy of Three Lesser Known Species from Mozambique

IAWA Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Uetimane Junior ◽  
Nasko Terziev ◽  
Geoffrey Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Natural Durability ◽  
Ground Tissue ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Ray Parenchyma ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Comparative Wood Anatomy ◽  
Diffuse Porous

Three lesser known wood species from Mozambique were studied to generate information for identification purposes and facilitate the introduction of these species into the wood working industry by assigning or widening the potential uses of these species. Selected anatomical features were used to predict some important wood properties, subsequently confirmed by measurements of both density and impregnability. Comparative wood anatomy showed that all three wood species have anatomical features typical for their genus after comparisons with their closest relatives. Both ntholo (Pseudolachnostylis maprounaefolia Pax) and muanga (Pericopsis angolensis Meeuwen) are diffuse-porous (with 14–24 and 16–20 vessels/mm2 respectively), have extractives in the heartwood vessels and thick-walled fibres, features consistent with good natural durability and strength respectively. Metil (Sterculia appendiculata K. Schum.) is also diffuse-porous with very wide vessels at much lower frequency (<5/mm2), it lacks extractives in the heartwood vessels, and thin-walled axial and ray parenchyma constitutes the bulk of the ground tissue. This set of characteristics makes the wood light and satisfactory for construction purposes but highly vulnerable to biodegradation.

scholarly journals Estudo anatômico do xilema secundário de Ephedra tweediana C. A. Meyer

1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
José Newton Cardoso Marchiori ◽  
Graciela I. Bolzon de Muñiz
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Xylem Anatomy ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Brazilian Species ◽  
Bordered Pits ◽  
Perforation Plates

The anatomical features of the secondary xylem of Ephedra tweediana C.A. Meyer are described. They are also furnished photomicrographs as well as quantitative data of its structure. The wood anatomy fits with the described in the literature to other species of the same genus. In the wood of Ephedra tweediana they are found real vessels and very tall rays, up to 8 cells wide. These features are common in the Angiosperm Dicotyledons but absent in the Gymnosperms, with the exception ofthe Chlamydospermae or Gnetales. Ephedra separates itself in this group by the presence of foraminate or "ephedroid" perforation plates. In the xylem anatomy of this south brazilian species, they must be also emphasized the presence of very short tracheids, provided with uniseriate bordered pits and the peculiar "stepped outline" of annual rings.

scholarly journals Wood anatomy of Laguncularia racemosa (Combretaceae) in mangrove and transitional forest, Southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Jantsch ◽  
João Carlos Ferreira de Melo Júnior ◽  
Maick Willian Amorim ◽  
Letícia Larcher ◽  
João Carlos Ferreira de Melo Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Laguncularia Racemosa ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
Great Heterogeneity ◽  
Transitional Forest

Mangroves represent an environment of great heterogeneity and low diversity of plant species that have structural and physiological adaptations linked to a high salinity environment. Laguncularia racemosa is a typical tree species in mangroves and transitional zones. This study aimed to compare the wood anatomy of L. racemosa (Combretaceae) in two different forests (mangroves and transitional forests), which have different soil conditions. For this, we obtained wood and soil samples in March 2016. We analyzed soil nutritional contents in one 15 cm deep soil sample per forest type. In addition, we selected five mangrove trees in each formation for wood anatomy analysis and took one wood sample per individual, per area. We prepared histological slides and separated materials following standard methods for wood anatomy studies. Soil analysis showed that mangrove soils had higher phosphorus, potassium and calcium contents. The transitional soil had lower pore water salinity and soil pH, probably due to high aluminum levels. Anatomical attributes differed between different forest populations. In the different wood aspects evaluated, we obtained higher values in mangrove individuals when compared to the transitional forest population: vessel elements length (375.79 mm), tangential vessels diameter (75.85 mm), frequency of vessels (11.90 mm) and fiber length (889.89 mm). Moreover, parenchyma rays height was larger in the samples of the transitional forest (392.80 mm), while the mangrove population presented wider rays (29.38 mm). The structure of the secondary xylem in the studied species apparently responds to edaphic parameters and shows variations that allow it to adjust to the environmental conditions. The population of the transitional forest showed a secondary xylem that invests more in protection than the mangrove population. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 647-657. Epub 2018 June 01. 

Comparative Wood Anatomy of Pinus Sylvestris and Its Var. Compacta in the West Black Sea Region of Turkey

IAWA Journal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbaros Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
The West ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
The Common ◽  
Anatomical Properties ◽  
Comparative Wood Anatomy ◽  
West Black Sea Region

Pinus sylvestris L. subsp. hamata (Steven) Fomin var. compacta Tosun is quite different from the common form of P. sylvestris in its external morphology. The size of the needles, cones and seeds of the former are significantly smaller than those of the latter. Besides, this variety branches out beginning from the ground level, and has very dense branches and needles. The present study describes the anatomical properties of the wood of P. sylvestris var. compacta and compares them with typical P. sylvestris. The woods of these taxa have the same qualitative anatomical features, but most of the quantitative anatomical characteristics show significant differences: variety compacta has lower values than common P. sylvestris in tracheid length and diameter, ray height and bordered pit diameter.

scholarly journals Significance of Wood Anatomical Features to the Taxonomy of Five Cola Species

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinloye A. J. ◽  
Illoh H. C. ◽  
Olagoke O. A.
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Xylem Fibre ◽  
Cola Nitida ◽  
Cola Acuminata

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p>Wood anatomy of five <em>Cola</em> species was investigated to identify and describe anatomical features in search of distinctive characters that could possibly be used in the resolution of their taxonomy. Transverse, tangential and radial longitudinal sections and macerated samples were prepared into microscopic slides. Characteristic similarity and disparity in the tissues arrangement as well as cell inclusions were noted for description and delimitation. All the five <em>Cola</em> species studied had essentially the same anatomical features, but the difficulty posed by the identification of <em>Cola acuminata </em>and <em>Cola nitida</em> when not in fruit could be resolved using anatomical features. <em>Cola acuminata</em> have extensive fibre and numerous crystals relative to <em>Cola nitida</em>,<em> </em>while<em> Cola hispida </em>and <em>Cola millenii</em> are the only species having monohydric crystals. <em>Cola gigantica </em>is the only species that have few xylem fibres while other species have extensive xylem fibre. These features have proved very functional and strongly of diagnostic value in the classification and delimitation of the studied <em>Cola </em>species.</p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>

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