A Family of Books: The Damascene Shaṭṭīs and Textual Transmission

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 438-469
Author(s):  
Torsten Wollina
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Print Culture ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Print Publication ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Textual Transmission ◽  
The Family ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Manuscript Collections

Abstract The article explores continuities between manuscript and print culture by way of an investigation into the book-related practice of three members of the Ḥanbalī al-Shaṭṭī family. By using a diverse set of sources, it presents a view on the turn from manuscript to print during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century that moves beyond technological determinism. By examining authorship, manuscript collections, and print publication, it proposes to include the institution of the family as well as the emerging global market for Arabic manuscripts into research of this medial shift.

Marital Fertility and the Family in Poland from the Late Nineteenth to the Early Twentieth Century

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Liczbińska ◽  
Ewa Syska ◽  
Renata Koziarska-Kasperczyk ◽  
Anna Kledzik
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
First Child ◽  
The Family ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Research in the obscure domicile files of Poznań’s Municipal Records reveals that in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Poznań, fertility was determined by the interaction of many socioeconomic factors. Mothers’ birth cohort and husbands’ socioeconomic status proved to be the strongest factors significantly influencing women’s age at matrimony, their age at first birth, and their number of children. Women born before 1890 married and started giving birth to the first child later than those born after 1890. The wives of workers and craftsmen started reproduction earlier and had more children than those of white-collar professionals. Religion did not influence women’s age at marriage and age at first birth, but it did influence their number of children.

A Complementary Economy? National Markets and International Product in Early Australian Theatre Managements

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Global Market ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Commercial Theatre ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Gender And Nation ◽  
The University

The international circulation of commercial theatre in the early twentieth century was driven not only from the centres of Great Britain and the USA, but by the specific enterprise and habitus of managers in ‘complementary’ production sites such as Australia, South Africa, and New Zealand. The activity of this period suggests a de-centred competitive trade in theatrical commodities – whether performers, scripts, or productions – wherein the perceived entertainment preferences and geographies of non-metropolitan centres were formative of international enterprise. The major producers were linked in complex bonds of partnerships, family, or common experience which crossed the globe. The fractures and commonalities displayed in the partnerships of James Cassius Williamson and George Musgrove, which came to dominate and shape the fortunes of the Australian industry for much of the century, indicate the contradictory commercial and artistic pressures bearing upon entrepreneurs seeking to provide high-quality entertainment and form advantageous combinations in competition with other local and international managements. Clarke, Meynell and Gunn mounted just such spirited competition from 1906 to 1911, and their story demonstrates both the opportunities and the centralizing logic bearing upon local managements shopping and dealing in a global market. The author, Veronica Kelly, works at the University of Queensland. She is presently undertaking a study of commercial stars and managements in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Australia, with a focus on the star performer as model of history, gender, and nation.

The Bakhtiyārī Ilkhānī: An Illusion of Unity

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene R. Garthwaite
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth

The very use of the term “Bakhtiyārī” with its implicit notion of sociopolitical unity has obscured the nature of the organization and relationships of these pastoral nomadic tribes.1 At the same time that observers of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Iran described the Bakhtiyārī as a unit, they could not explain the prevailing disunity that characterized tribal relationships. Major obstacles for analysis of this problem have been the office of the īlkhānī, paramount chief of all the Bakhtiyārī, and the domination of tribal history by the family of those eligible for this position, which has imposed a certain unity upon recent Bakhtiyārī history. The view that an īlkhānī had long ruled the Bakhtiyārī and that the tribes constituted a confederation has been accepted since the late nineteenth century. Yet the first īlkhānī, Husain Qulī Khan, was not appointed until 1867, and possibly only during his. tenure in office (d. 1882), and again during the Persian Revolution, have the Bakhtiyārī functioned as a true confederation. The significance of prevailing disunity under a temporary political and administrative unity goes beyond the history of the Bakhtiyārī and has important implications for an understanding of Iranian society and history itself.

Faeries, Aliens, and Leviathans: Science and Fantasy in Ian McDonald's King of Morning, Queen of Day

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
Richard Howard
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Irish Studies ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Cultural Movement

Irish science fiction is a relatively unexplored area for Irish Studies, a situation partially rectified by the publication of Jack Fennell's Irish Science Fiction in 2014. This article aims to continue the conversation begun by Fennell's intervention by analysing the work of Belfast science fiction author Ian McDonald, in particular King of Morning, Queen of Day (1991), the first novel in what McDonald calls his Irish trilogy. The article explores how McDonald's text interrogates the intersection between science, politics, and religion, as well as the cultural movement that was informing a growing sense of a continuous Irish national identity. It draws from the discipline of Science Studies, in particular the work of Nicholas Whyte, who writes of the ways in which science and colonialism interacted in late nineteenth and early twentieth-century Ireland.

A Historiographical Interlude

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Teubner
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth

The ‘Historiographical Interlude’ presents a brief overview of the cultural, social, and political changes that occur between Augustine’s death in 430 CE and Boethius’ earliest theological writings (c.501 CE). When Augustine, Boethius, and Benedict are treated together in one unified analysis, several historiographical challenges emerge. This Interlude addresses several of these challenges and argues that trends within late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century scholarship established some unfounded interpretive biases. In particular, this section will discuss the contributions of Adolf von Harnack and Henri Irénée Marrou, focusing on how they contributed, in diverse ways, to the neglect of sixth-century Italy as a significant geographical site in the development of the Augustinian tradition.

Opening the Chrysalis: Willard D. Straight’s Sketches, Photographs, and Accounts of Korea’s Interaction with the Outside World, 1904–5

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahar Gürsel
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Global History ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Us ◽  
Manuscript Collections ◽  
Visual Reading

Abstract Willard D. Straight – architect, diplomat, photographer, publisher, sketcher, and writer – arrived in Korea in 1904 as a correspondent during the Russo-Japanese War, and became the US vice consul in Seoul in 1905. By utilizing a number of images from the Willard Dickerman Straight Papers of Cornell University Library’s Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, and by referring to other relevant sources of/about Straight, this essay presents a textual analysis and comprehensive visual reading about the country which Straight observed in a very crucial transition period in global history. It provides a glimpse at the perspective of an early twentieth-century American diplomat, eyewitness, photographer, and writer on the cultural, industrial, and technological transformations that Korea experienced in the early 1900s as a consequence of its interaction with major world powers.

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