A Complementary Economy? National Markets and International Product in Early Australian Theatre Managements

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Global Market ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Commercial Theatre ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Gender And Nation ◽  
The University

The international circulation of commercial theatre in the early twentieth century was driven not only from the centres of Great Britain and the USA, but by the specific enterprise and habitus of managers in ‘complementary’ production sites such as Australia, South Africa, and New Zealand. The activity of this period suggests a de-centred competitive trade in theatrical commodities – whether performers, scripts, or productions – wherein the perceived entertainment preferences and geographies of non-metropolitan centres were formative of international enterprise. The major producers were linked in complex bonds of partnerships, family, or common experience which crossed the globe. The fractures and commonalities displayed in the partnerships of James Cassius Williamson and George Musgrove, which came to dominate and shape the fortunes of the Australian industry for much of the century, indicate the contradictory commercial and artistic pressures bearing upon entrepreneurs seeking to provide high-quality entertainment and form advantageous combinations in competition with other local and international managements. Clarke, Meynell and Gunn mounted just such spirited competition from 1906 to 1911, and their story demonstrates both the opportunities and the centralizing logic bearing upon local managements shopping and dealing in a global market. The author, Veronica Kelly, works at the University of Queensland. She is presently undertaking a study of commercial stars and managements in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Australia, with a focus on the star performer as model of history, gender, and nation.

scholarly journals Trafficking in women in the late 19th – early 20th century (on the example of Sub-Russian Ukraine)

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
M. Krugliak
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Frankfurt Am Main ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Trafficking In Women ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Family And Marriage

The article considers trafficking in women in the late nineteenth – early twentieth century as a problem of international scale. The author identifies the Russian Empire and Sub-Russian Ukraine in particular as one of the world's supply centers, the so-called “living goods”, mainly to Turkey and the Americas (the USA, Argentina, Brazil). The existence of an extensive system for organizing the recruitment of girls, in particular the institute of agents engaged in the search for “white slaves” are analyzed, the examples of methods they used (from press announcements and offers of high-paying jobs to fictitious marriages with fake passports) are given, the passive role of the state in preventing human trafficking is demonstrated (the term of punishment of agents was minimal, cases were often closed in the absence of witnesses, and police received bribes from the owners of brothels). The main factors causing the spread of trafficking in women in Sub-Russian Ukraine were material. Against the background of modernization and urbanization, further development of capitalist relations, expansion of the entertainment industry, officially legalized prostitution, the institution of family and marriage is being transformed, which also affected the growth of international trafficking in women in the early twentieth century. The world community began an active fight against trafficking in women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, holding international congresses in London and Frankfurt am Main. However, the active fight against human trafficking was hampered by imperfect legislation in most countries and sometimes by the lack of laws under which organizers of trafficking in women could be prosecuted. The active work of the Russian Society for the Protection of Women in the early twentieth century, in particular its Odessa branch, led to the development and implementation of the relevant law and the holding of the All-Russian Congress in the fight against trafficking in women.

A Family of Books: The Damascene Shaṭṭīs and Textual Transmission

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 438-469
Author(s):  
Torsten Wollina
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Print Culture ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Print Publication ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Textual Transmission ◽  
The Family ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Manuscript Collections

Abstract The article explores continuities between manuscript and print culture by way of an investigation into the book-related practice of three members of the Ḥanbalī al-Shaṭṭī family. By using a diverse set of sources, it presents a view on the turn from manuscript to print during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century that moves beyond technological determinism. By examining authorship, manuscript collections, and print publication, it proposes to include the institution of the family as well as the emerging global market for Arabic manuscripts into research of this medial shift.

« J’ai été longtemps minoritaire »

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 272-324
Author(s):  
Vincent Genin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Worldwide Network ◽  
The University

The legitimation process of international labour law in Belgium (1888-1938), Legitimity, experiences and memories of the Belgian Ernest Mahaim.
The aim of this contribution is to explain and understand the emergence of international labour law in Belgium in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. First a marginal discipline disputed by the doxa of lawyers, diplomats, and politicians, international labour law is a direct result of the social evolution of the country. This paper focuses on the process of legitimation of this particular branch of law between 1888 to 1938 through the prism of one of his main specialist in Belgium, and also a key-figure of a worldwide network, Ernest Mahaim , professor at the University of Liège.


SELEUCID-PARTHIAN FIGURINES FROM BABYLON IN THE NIPPUR COLLECTION: IMPLICATIONS OF MISATTRIBUTION AND RE-EVALUATING THE CORPUS

Iraq ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 49-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Langin-Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The University

This article formally documents an important correction to the provenance attribution of three reclining female figurines from Babylon that reside in the Nippur collection at the University of Pennsylvania Museum and were published with that corpus. Few scholars have noticed the misattribution of these figurines, and the problem has not been formally documented for scholarship. Through historiographical analysis of the late nineteenth century Nippur Expeditions and early twentieth century cataloguing and publication of the Nippur corpus, this article reconstructs how and why these three reclining figurines have been continually misassociated with Nippur, and traces the continued impact of this confusion on scholarship's understanding of the Nippur figurine tradition. Most critically, the publication of these three figurines as Nippur objects lent credence to the testimony of an antiquities dealer who sold an additional eight reclining figurines “from Nippur” to the Harvard Semitic Museum; these figurines continue to be regarded as Nippur objects. This article casts doubt upon that provenance. The figurine tradition of Seleucid-Parthian Nippur is reevaluated in light of the absence of securely-provenanced reclining female figurines at that site. An art historical evaluation of these figurines is undertaken, which links these figurines to the general use of hybrid Greek-Babylonian imagery in Seleucid-Parthian figurines, and connects the specific motif of the reclining figure to Greek banqueting imagery. It is proposed that the Nippur community's lack of interest in reclining female figurines can be correlated with a disinterest in pan-Hellenistic ceramic tablewares; together, these lacunae indicate Nippur's non-participation in negotiated Greek-Babylonian banqueting practices. These differences in cross-cultural interaction between Nippur and the neighboring Babylonian communities have not been fully recognized nor explored, due to scholarship's misunderstanding of the use of reclining female figurines at that site. It is this confusion that this article attempts to resolve.

Faeries, Aliens, and Leviathans: Science and Fantasy in Ian McDonald's King of Morning, Queen of Day

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
Richard Howard
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Irish Studies ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Cultural Movement

Irish science fiction is a relatively unexplored area for Irish Studies, a situation partially rectified by the publication of Jack Fennell's Irish Science Fiction in 2014. This article aims to continue the conversation begun by Fennell's intervention by analysing the work of Belfast science fiction author Ian McDonald, in particular King of Morning, Queen of Day (1991), the first novel in what McDonald calls his Irish trilogy. The article explores how McDonald's text interrogates the intersection between science, politics, and religion, as well as the cultural movement that was informing a growing sense of a continuous Irish national identity. It draws from the discipline of Science Studies, in particular the work of Nicholas Whyte, who writes of the ways in which science and colonialism interacted in late nineteenth and early twentieth-century Ireland.

A Historiographical Interlude

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Teubner
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth

The ‘Historiographical Interlude’ presents a brief overview of the cultural, social, and political changes that occur between Augustine’s death in 430 CE and Boethius’ earliest theological writings (c.501 CE). When Augustine, Boethius, and Benedict are treated together in one unified analysis, several historiographical challenges emerge. This Interlude addresses several of these challenges and argues that trends within late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century scholarship established some unfounded interpretive biases. In particular, this section will discuss the contributions of Adolf von Harnack and Henri Irénée Marrou, focusing on how they contributed, in diverse ways, to the neglect of sixth-century Italy as a significant geographical site in the development of the Augustinian tradition.

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