2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
S. L. Grabovska ◽  
L. O. Kolodochka

This article deals with the results of study of species content and basic peculiarities of beaked mites-Phytoseiidae in plant associations of one of the regional centers of Ukraine. The species composition and distribution of mites-Phytoseiidae (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) in plantations of Brovary town of Kyiv region were determined. Fourteen species of 8 genera of phytoseiid mites were found. Index of their existing and relative biotope connection of each registered species to vegetation types and plant species were computed. The study was conducted according to the results of material treatment on the territory of the mentioned city from 25 species of plants (16 species of hardy-shrub and 9 of herbaceous vegetations). The studies of distribution of plant-living mites-Phytoseiidae were conducted separately for hardy-shrub and herbaceous plants). The collection of faunistic material was executed during the vegetation of periods of 2011 and 2013. Within the city the collection of the material was conducted with hardy-shrub plants and herbaceous type of vegetation along the streets, in parks and squares of Brovary city of Kyiv region, district center, one of the satellite-cities of Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. The study of species complexes characteristics of mites was conducted with usage of data calculated on the basis of frequency index (Is), degree of relative habitat confinedness (F) (Pesenko, 1982) and domination index Paliy-Kovnatski (Di) (Shitikov, 2003). Only on one species of plant (F=1) 6 species of mites-Phytoseiidae were found – T.сotoneastri on blue spruce, T. laurae – on common spruce, T. aceri – on ash-leaved maple, P. incognitus – on dog-rose, P. soleiger – on mulberry-tree, A. caudiglans – on sea-buckthorn. These species can be related to stenoecic. The mentioned species are stenotopic only in relation to the sample of plants from the plant associations of Brovary, as in other regions these species of mites can populate the other species of plants. The rest 8 species, being registered on two or more types of plants, are related to euryoecic. Among them there is a group of 6 species with “positive tendencies to population of plants”, owning the indicators of habitat confinedness 0<F<1: A. andersoni (0,92–0,96), A. rademacheri (0,85–0,96), N. herbarius (0,92–0,96), T. tiliarum (0,66–0,77), A. pirianykae (0,73–0,99), A. clavata (0,82–0,98). The rest species, E. finlandicus и K. aberrans, have the expanded range of indicators in relation to habitat confinedness (-0,71<F<0,55 и -0,16<F<0,88), that specifies on their ability to populate the big quality of species. E. finlandicus has the negative indicator of relative habitat confinedness in relation to the plants of herbaceous morphotype that serves confirmation of the ecological peculiarity of the species detected earlier. The data of relative habitat confinedness of mites to certain species of plants shows availability of stenoecic (T.сotoneastri, T. laurae, T. aceri, P. incognitus, P. soleiger, A. caudiglans) and euryoecic species (A. andersoni, A. rademacheri, N. herbarius, E. finlandicus, K. aberrans, T. tiliarum, A. pirianykae, A. clavata). 


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Cisowska ◽  
Janina Gabrielska

Abstract This study determined the influence of the methanol (ME) and water (WE) fruit extracts obtained from eight species of Rosaceae and Grossulariacae family on the susceptibility of Escherichia coli rods to the lytic action of normal human serum (NHS). Bacteria were incubated for 24 h in tryptic soy broth with varying concentrations (1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg ml-1) of raspberry, cherry, hawthorn, dog rose, gooseberry, chokeberry, quince, and Japanese quince extracts and then the bactericidal activity of NHS was established. We found that the resistance of E. coli rods to the bactericidal action of serum was altered by prior incubation with all tested extracts and was dependent on plant extract concentration. Among the tested extracts, gooseberry (both ME and WE), raspberry ME and cherry WE were responsible for the most profound changes in serum resistance of E. coli rods. Evaluation of the antimicrobial mechanisms of action of phenolics-rich plant extracts has the potential to impact the development of novel compounds with promising applications in food and biopharmaceutical industry or medical approaches to preventing and treating pathogenic infections.


1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 2982-2986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halis Şakiroǧlu ◽  
Ömer I. Küfrevioǧlu ◽  
Ismail Kocaçalişkan ◽  
Münir Oktay ◽  
Yavuz Onganer

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (22) ◽  
pp. 2061-2065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Jafari ◽  
Mohammadreza Hassandokht ◽  
Mohammad Javan-Nikkhah

2005 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane M. Ritz ◽  
Wolfgang F.A. Maier ◽  
Franz Oberwinkler ◽  
Volker Wissemann
Keyword(s):  

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-249
Author(s):  
Magdalena Lubiarz ◽  
Elżbieta Cichocka

Abstract No detailed studies have been conducted in Poland with regard to aphid eggs or egg survival in particular. So far, no studies have been conducted concerning the role of ladybird beetles in reducing the number of aphid eggs in spring, before the development of leaves, and in autumn, after the leaves have been shed. At these times, other developmental stages of aphids are unavailable as food for the ladybirds. The paper presents the preliminary results of a three-year study on the process of aphid egg-laying (especially Chaetosiphon tetrarhodum, Macrosiphum rosae, Metopolophium dirhodum, and Maculolachnus submacula). The paper also deals with the little known role of ladybirds in aphid egg destruction. Research was conducted in Otrębusy (Western Mazovia), Poland, in the years 2008-2010, on the rugosa rose and on the dog rose. In the years 2011-2013, in Otrębusy, the occurrence of M. submacula was also observed on the ornamental grandiflora rose. Furthermore, in the years 2003-2004, observations were conducted on the pedunculate oak in Polesie National Park and in the town of Puławy (Lublin Region), Poland. The observations which took place in Puławy focused on egglaying of aphids representing the genera Phylloxera and Lachnus. The study investigated aphid oviposition sites. Data was collected on the number of aphid eggs noted on the studied plants. The study also showed, that sometimes winter eggs of aphids could provide nutrition for ladybirds. This was especially true in autumn when ladybird beetles were preparing for hibernation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilinka Pećinar ◽  
Djurdja Krstić ◽  
Gianluca Caruso ◽  
Jelena B. Popović-Djordjević

Rosehip (pseudo-fruit) of dog rose ( Rosa canina L.) is highly valued, and owing to nutritional and sensory properties it has a significant place in the food industry. This work represents an innovative report focusing on the evaluation of the phytochemical composition of rosehips (hypanthium and seed) grown in different locations in Serbia, using Raman microspectroscopy combined with multivariate data analysis. Some significant differences arose between the analysed rosehip samples with regard to the chemical profile of both hypanthium parenchyma cells and seed, although no evident discrimination was recorded between the samples of wild and cultivated rosehip. The differences between the hypanthium samples compared were mainly determined by the content of carotenoids, phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, whereas phenolics, polysaccharides (pectin, cellulose and hemicellulose) and lipids (to a lower extent) contributed to the seed sample discrimination. The differences observed between the rosehip samples may be attributed to abiotic factors (growing, ripening and storage conditions), which had a significant impact on the carotenoid and polyphenols biosynthesis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (51) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Nikola Tomljenović ◽  
Tomislav Jemrić ◽  
Marko Vuković

Wild or dog rose (Rosa canina L.) is a successful colonizer of various habitats and different soil types and is widely distributed across the Republic of Croatia. In this research, in order to estimate pomological variability in native dog rose populations, four genotypes from four locations in different geographic areas of Croatia were selected and sampled. The genotypes selected were: genotype G1, originating from the continental part of Croatia (Pitomača); genotypes G2 and G3, originating from the Mediterranean part of Croatia (Kukurini and Posedarje, respectively); and genotype G4, originating from the upland part of Croatia (Gračac). Fruits were harvested at optimum harvest dates in 2010 and 2012. Genotype had a significant effect on each studied pomological trait (length, width, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, volume, surface, shape index, weight, flesh weight, flesh ratio and total dry matter content), while year significantly affected all parameters except sphericity and shape index. The highest values for most pomological traits in 2010 and 2012 were found in the G4 and G3 genotypes, respectively. This research highlighted the existence of high variability in pomological traits among dog rose populations in Croatia, which emphasizes the possibility of further breeding and cultivation.


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