A revision of loasoid Caiophora (Caiophora pterosperma-group, Loasoideae, Loasaceae) from Peru

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
MARKUS ACKERMANN ◽  
MAXIMILIAN WEIGEND
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Flower Morphology ◽  
South American ◽  
American Family ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Elevational Distribution ◽  
Basal Position

Caiophora is a taxonomically difficult, nearly exclusively Andean genus of the largely South American family Loasaceae subfam. Loasoideae. Elevational distribution and flower morphology argue for a relatively basal position of loasoid Caiophora in the genus. Caiophora has not been revised since 1900, and details of their morphology, distribution and species delimitation are incompletely understood. The Caiophora pterosperma-group clearly belongs to Caiophora based on habit, fruit morphology, karyology and molecular data, but is florally similar to members of the closely allied genera Loasa and Scyphanthus. The Peruvian members of the Caiophora pterosperma-group are here revised. Three species are recognized: C. pterosperma, endemic to the departments of Junín and Pasco (including C. smithii, C. serropetala and C. pavonii), C. stenocarpa from the departments Cuzco and Huancavelica, and the new species Caiophora dederichiorum, endemic to the department of Ancash. All three species occur at low elevations for the genus (down to 2200 m a.s.l.) and in seasonally dry habitats, unlike most representatives of the genus (usually found in mesic habitats at higher elevations). A key to the Peruvian members of the group, diagnoses, drawings and photographs are provided for all species recognized.

scholarly journals Loose Ends in the Cortinarius Phylogeny: Five New Myxotelamonoid Species Indicate a High Diversity of These Ectomycorrhizal Fungi with South American Nothofagaceae

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
María Eugenia Salgado Salomón ◽  
Carolina Barroetaveña ◽  
Tuula Niskanen ◽  
Kare Liimatainen ◽  
Matthew E. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
South American ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
High Diversity

This paper is a contribution to the current knowledge of taxonomy, ecology and distribution of South American Cortinarius (Pers.) Gray. Cortinarius is among the most widely distributed and species-rich basidiomycete genera occurring with South American Nothofagaceae and species are found in many distinct habitats, including shrublands and forests. Due to their ectomycorrhizal role, Cortinarius species are critical for nutrient cycling in forests, especially at higher latitudes. Some species have also been reported as edible fungi with high nutritional quality. Our aim is to unravel the taxonomy of selected Cortinarius belonging to phlegmacioid and myxotelamonioid species based on morphological and molecular data. After widely sampling Cortinarius specimens in Patagonian Nothofagaceae forests and comparing them to reference collections (including holotypes), we propose five new species of Cortinarius in this work. Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated rDNA ITS-LSU and RPB1 sequences failed to place these new species into known Cortinarius sections or lineages. These findings highlight our knowledge gaps regarding the fungal diversity of South American Nothofagaceae forests. Due to the high diversity of endemic Patagonian taxa, it is clear that the South American Cortinarius diversity needs to be discovered and described in order to understand the evolutionary history of Cortinarius on a global scale.

Six new species of Heteropriapulus (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from South American fishes with an amended diagnosis to the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4290 (3) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALINE ANGELINA ACOSTA ◽  
LIDIANE FRANCESCHINI ◽  
ALINE CRISTINA ZAGO ◽  
TOMÁŠ SCHOLZ ◽  
REINALDO JOSÉ DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Accessory Piece ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
South American ◽  
Unique Shape

Heteropriapulus Kritsky, 2007 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae), which originally included only two species from the gills of loricariid catfishes, is reviewed and six newly described species from loricariids in the Paraná River basin in Brazil are added. Diagnosis of the genus is amended and a key to the species identification is provided. Heteropriapulus anchoradiatus n. sp. from Pterygoplichthys ambrosettii (Holmberg) (Hypostominae) differs from its congeners by having a long sclerotized vagina, ventral anchors with short shaft and conspicuous superficial root, and a conspicuous and robust postero-medial process on the dorsal bar; H. bitomus n. sp. from the same fish host differs by the presence of two pairs of sclerotized patches associated with the ventral anchors; H. falxus n. sp. from Hypostomus strigaticeps (Regan) (Hypostominae) and Hypostomus ancistroides (Ihering) (Hypostominae) is unique by the shape of the accessory piece composed of two strongly sclerotized subunits; H. microcleithrus n. sp. from P. ambrosettii differs by presenting the smallest length of the dorsal bar and unique shape of the longer subunit of the accessory piece resembling the ‘hammer and sickle’ shape; H. pterygoplichthyi n. sp. from the same host presents unique shape of the longer subunit of the accessory piece of the cirrus, which is represented by ‘two sickles’ jointed by the base; and H. semitortus n. sp. from Rhinelepis aspera Spix & Agassiz (Rhinelepinae) can be distinguished by the accessory piece composed of a single straight unit and a cirrus tube with the highest number of spiral rings at the proximal end (2½). First molecular data for this genus (partial sequences of the 28S rRNA gene) are provided including the type species H. heterotylus (Jogunoori, Kritsky & Venkatanarasaiah, 2004).  

A new species of Smilax (Smilacaceae) from Yunnan, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 275 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIN-JIE JIN ◽  
YAO CHEN ◽  
JOONGKU LEE ◽  
Zhechen Qi ◽  
LuXian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Flower Morphology ◽  
Evolutionary Transition ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
Floral Trait ◽  
Evolution And Development ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Female Flowers

A new species, Smilax hirtellicaulis (Smilacaceae), from southwestern China is described and illustrated. The new species differs from all known Smilax species in its unique tepals, i.e., basally connate in male flowers but separate in female flowers. Phylogenetic analysis supports its species delimitation, and suggests a sister position to the clade of Smilax sect. Heterosmilax which have flowers with connate tepals. Their closest phylogenetic relationship and resembled flower morphology may represent an evolutionary transition from separate to united tepals in Smilax. It thus provides us an ideal model for studying the evolution and development of such an innovative floral trait.

scholarly journals Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Lactifluus (Russulales, Basidiomycota) of South Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Komsit Wissitrassameewong ◽  
Myung Soo Park ◽  
Jonathan J. Fong ◽  
Annemieke Verbeken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
North American ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Intraspecific Morphological Variation

Abstract Lactifluus (Pers.) Roussel is an ectomycorrhizal genus that was recently recognized to be distinct from the genus Lactarius. To date, 216 Lactifluus species have been reported worldwide. Misidentification of Lactifluus species is common because of intraspecific morphological variation, cryptic diversity, and the limited number of taxonomic keys available. Molecular data are indispensable for species delimitation; a multilocus phylogenetic analysis showed that most Asian Lactifluus species are not conspecific with morphologically similar species present on other continents. In particular, Korea has misused European and North American Lactifluus names. In this study, we evaluated the taxonomy of Lactifluus in Korea using both morphological and multilocus molecular (ITS, nrLSU, rpb1, and rpb2) data. We examined 199 Lactifluus specimens collected between 1980 and 2016, and a total of 24 species across the four Lactifluus subgenera were identified. All Korean species are distinct and clearly separated from European and North American species. Five taxa corresponded to previously described species from Asia and the remaining 19 taxa are confirmed as new species. Herein, we provide keys to the Korean Lactifluus species within their subgenera, molecular phylogenies, a summary of diversity, and detailed description of the new species.

scholarly journals A revision of Onychelmis Hinton, 1941 (Coleoptera: Elmidae), with description of new species, DNA barcoding and notes on the geography of the genus

2021 ◽  
Vol 739 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Marek Linský ◽  
Zuzana Čiamporová-Zaťovičová ◽  
Fedor Čiampor Jr
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Long Time ◽  
New Material ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

The genus Onychelmis Hinton, 1941 was for a long time regarded as a small taxon with only three known species distributed in the Andes. A study of new material from Ecuador, using morphological and molecular data, has resulted in the discovery of five new species: Onychelmis lenkae sp. nov., O. lobata sp. nov., O. minor sp. nov., O. onorei sp. nov. and O. splendida sp. nov. We also revised the entire genus and redescribed the three known species, O. longicollis (Sharp, 1882), O. leleupi Delève, 1968 and O. whiteheadi Spangler & Santiago, 1991. Habitus photographs of adults are provided, together with line drawings of male and female genitalia, and schematic illustrations of the distribution of femoral tomentum for each species. DNA sequences for barcoding the COI mtDNA fragment were used to support species delimitation and to suggest possible relationships among species. The revision includes a key to adults of all species of Onychelmis and notes on the biogeography of the genus, with an updated distribution map.

Two new species of the genus Crangonyx Bate, 1859 (Amphipoda: Crangonyctidae) from the St. Marks River Basin with notes on the “Crangonyx floridanus complex”

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4691 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW G. CANNIZZARO ◽  
THOMAS R. SAWICKI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Leon County ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Crangonyx ephemerus n. sp. and Crangonyx pseudoephemerus n. sp. are described from the headwaters of the St. Marks River in Leon County, Florida, based on detailed morphological and molecular comparisons with the closely related species Crangonyx floridanus Bousfield, 1963. The morphological and molecular data, including three species delimitation models, lend support to the hypothesis that the taxon C. floridanus sensu lato represents a species complex. Diagnostic morphological characteristics are highlighted and discussed within this group to assist in future morphological analyses. 

Two new and two poorly known autolytines (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Madeira and the Mediterranean Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2640 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARNE NYGREN ◽  
TOBIAS SUNDKVIST ◽  
BARBARA MIKAC ◽  
FREDRIK PLEIJEL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
San Martín ◽  
Basal Position

We describe Proceraea albocephala, new species, from Madeira, and Erseia oligochaeta, new genus and new species, from Istria, Croatia, and we provide redescriptions of Proceraea madeirensis (Nygren, 2004) from topotype material, and Myrianida longoprimicirrata (López, San Martín & Jimenéz, 1997) from material collected at Istria, Croatia, and Banyuls-sur-Mer, France. Proceraea albocephala, new species is morphologically separated from similar species by a prostomial white spot, and E. oligochaeta, new genus, new species is unique in having only a few (1–2) simple unidentate chaetae in all chaetigers, and a trepan with a single large and 25–28 smaller teeth. We assess the phylogenetic positions of the four species using nuclear 18SrDNA, together with mitochondrial COI and 16SrDNA. Our molecular data show that among the sequenced autolytines 1) P. albocephala, new species is most closely related to P. nigropunctata Nygren & Gidholm, 2001, P. okadai (Imajima, 1966), and P. cornuta (Agassiz, 1862), 2) E. oligochaeta, new genus, new species belongs within a clade together with Procerastea nematodes Langerhans, 1884, Virchowia clavata Langerhans, 1879, and Imajimaea draculai (San Martín & López, 2002), 3) M. longoprimicirrata is sister species to M. pentadentata (Imajima, 1966), and 4) P. madeirensis has a basal position within Procerini. The molecular data suggests that Proceraea Ehlers, 1864 as currently delineated is paraphyletic.

scholarly journals Species delimitation and sex associations in the bee genus Thygater, with the aid of molecular data, and the description of a new species

Apidologie ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Vieira Freitas ◽  
José Eustáquio Santos Júnior ◽  
Fabrício Rodrigues Santos ◽  
Fernando A. Silveira
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Guidelines for DNA barcoding of coralline algae, focusing on Lithophylloideae (Corallinales) from Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz N. Torrano-Silva ◽  
Bruno R. Vieira ◽  
Rafael Riosmena-Rodríguez ◽  
Mariana C. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Interspecific Divergence ◽  
Algorithmic Approaches ◽  
Barcode Gap

AbstractMultiple-marker (COI-5P, UPA,psbA andrbcL-3P) and two algorithmic approaches [automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD) and Poisson tree process (PTP)] were used for species delimitation of Lithophylloideae in Brazil. The integrative approach was mostly congruent between markers and algorithmic methods of species delimitation, suggesting the occurrence of 24 species. Based on morphology and molecular data,Amphiroa rigida,Amphiroa vanbosseae,Lithophyllum atlanticum,Lithophyllum kaiseri,Lithophyllum margaritae,Titanoderma pustulatum,Titanoderma prototypumandPaulsilvella huveorum, which were previously reported for Brazil, are confirmed in this work. Six new species are distinguished by both molecular and morphological traits, and they are provisionally named asAmphiroasp. 1,Amphiroasp. 2,Amphiroasp. 3,Lithophyllumsp. 1,Lithophyllumsp. 2 andLithophyllumsp. 3. Another 10 species are cryptic and cannot be distinguished based on traditionally used morphological traits. These includeAmphiroasp. 4,Lithophyllumsp. 4, three species that are morphologically named underAmphiroa beauvoisii, and six that share the morphology described forAmphiroa fragilissima. All four markers used were useful for species delimitation. However, a combination of practical aspects and levels of intra- and interspecific divergence values led us to propose the use ofrbcL-3P as a standard DNA barcode marker for the Corallinales.

Revision of the South American genus Tetragonopterus Cuvier, 1816 (Teleostei: Characidae) with description of four new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4200 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
GABRIEL S. C. SILVA ◽  
BRUNO F. MELO ◽  
CLAUDIO OLIVEIRA ◽  
RICARDO C. BENINE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
South American ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
La Plata Basin ◽  
American River ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
River Drainages

The systematics of the characid genus Tetragonopterus is reviewed based on morphological and molecular data of specimens from its entire geographical range encompassing all major South American river drainages from Orinoco basin southward to the La Plata basin. Eight previously described species (T. anostomus, T. araguaiensis, T. argenteus, T. carvalhoi, T. chalceus, T. denticulatus, T. georgiae n. comb., and T. rarus) are recognized as valid, four of which are redescribed (T. argenteus, T. chalceus, T. georgiae, and T. rarus), and four new species from the Brazilian Shield in the Amazon and São Francisco river basins are herein described. We also provide evidence for the reallocation of Moenkhausia georgiae into Tetragonopterus and recognize T. akamai as junior synonym of T. anostomus. DNA barcodes of Tetragonopterus revealed genetic support for each recognized species and provided valuable population-level information within T. argenteus, T. chalceus, T. georgiae, and T. rarus.  

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