Psilocybe chuxiongensis, a new bluing species from subtropical China

A new bluing species of Psilocybe in sect. Caerulescentes is described from subtropical China. It is closely related to P. cubensis but can be differentiated by the lack of an annulus and the buff-yellow to yellowish brown, hemispheric to hemispheric-convex pileus without an umbo or papilla. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS, nrLSU and combined rpb2-tef1-α datasets using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference also indicate its uniqueness. The relationship with P. cubensis is well-supported by molecular data with high support values in all three datasets. Psilocybe chuxiongensis sp. nov. is presented here with a description, photographs, and line drawings.

Download Full-text

Xylodon bambusinus and X. xinpingensis spp. nov. (Hymenochaetales) from southern China

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.511.3.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 511 (3) ◽

Author(s):

XIANG MA ◽

CHANG-LIN ZHAO

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Bayesian Inference ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Growth Habit ◽

Southern China ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Two New Species ◽

Thin Walled ◽

Inference Methods

Two new species, Xylodon bambusinus and X. xinpingensis, are proposed based on morphological and molecular evidences. Both species share the annual growth habit, resupinate basidiomata and monomitic hyphal system with clamped, colorless generative hyphae, smooth, thin-walled basidiospores, but X. bambusinus is characterized by the smooth to tuberculate hymenial surface, presence of capitate and fusiform cystidia, broad ellipsoid basidiospores, while X. xinpingensis by the reticulate hymenophore with cream hymenial surface, and subglobose basidiospores (4.5–6 × 3.5–5 µm). Sequences of ITS and LSU nrRNA gene regions of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data of ITS and ITS+nLSU sequences showed that X. bambusinus was sister to X. subclavatus, while X. xinpingensis grouped with X. astrocystidiatus and X. paradoxus. The nLSU dataset revealed that X. bambusinus grouped with X. asperus and X. brevisetus with lower supports, and that X. xinpingensis grouped with X. astrocystidiatus and X. paradoxus and then with X. rimosissimus without supports. Both morphological and molecular evidences confirmed the placement of two new species in Xylodon. Description and figures from the new species and a key to the known species of Xylodon from China are presented.

Download Full-text

Molecular phylogeny of the Taeniapterini (Diptera: Micropezidae) using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, with a reclassification of the genus Taeniaptera Macquart

Insect Systematics & Evolution ◽

10.1163/1876312x-45032125 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 411-430 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Morgan D. Jackson ◽

Stephen A. Marshall ◽

Jeffrey H. Skevington

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Bayesian Inference ◽

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Maximum Parsimony ◽

New World ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Species Group ◽

Mitochondrial Genes ◽

Paraphyletic Group ◽

Total Dna

DNA molecular data are used to generate a phylogeny for the micropezid subfamily Taeniapterinae. Thirty-two taeniapterine species were sampled, including 10 of the 20 New World genera recognized by Steyskal, as well as one genus formerly treated as a synonym of Poecilotylus Hennig (Hemichaeta Steyskal). Five species from the Micropezinae were included as outgroups. A total DNA dataset of 4705 bp, including mitochondrial genes (12S and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI)) and nuclear coding genes (wingless and CAD), was analysed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. The genus Taeniaptera Macquart was found to be non-monophyletic with respect to the remainder of the Taeniapterini analysed here. Taeniaptera is restricted to the Taeniaptera trivittata Macquart species group, Mitromyia Cresson is resurrected to contain the Taeniaptera grata (Wulp) species group, and Paragrallomyia Hendel is resurrected to contain most species previously considered Taeniaptera. Poecilotylus is recognized as a paraphyletic group awaiting further research.

Download Full-text

Gloeodontia yunnanensis sp. nov. (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from China, evidenced by morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.432.2.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 432 (2) ◽

pp. 111-118

Author(s):

LU CHEN ◽

ZHENG-JUN SHI ◽

CHUN-HUA WU ◽

CHANG-LIN ZHAO

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Maximum Parsimony ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Strong Support ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Monophyletic Lineage ◽

Thin Walled ◽

Inference Methods

A new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Gloeodontia yunnanensis, is proposed based on a combination of morphological features and DNA data. The species is characterized by an annual, resupinate basidiomata with smooth hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with thin-walled, clamped generative hyphae and obclavate cystidia and subglobose to globose, hyaline, thick-walled, asperulate, strongly amyloid, acyanophilous basidiospores measuring 3.3–4.3 × 2.5–3.5 µm. Sequences of ITS and 28S gene regions of the studied samples were generated and phylogenetic analyses were performed with Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference methods. The analyses based on ITS+28S sequences showed that G. yunnanensis nested in the Gloeodontia clade and formed a monophyletic lineage with strong support (100% BS, 100% BP, 1.00 BPP).

Download Full-text

Total evidence phylogeny of the North American harvestman family Stygnopsidae (Opiliones : Laniatores : Grassatores) reveals hidden diversity

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is16053 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 317 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jesús A. Cruz-López ◽

Oscar F. Francke

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Mitochondrial Protein ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Total Evidence ◽

The North ◽

Protein Encoding ◽

The Status ◽

Taxonomic Changes

Systematic relationships among Laniatores have received considerable attention during the past few years. Many significant taxonomic changes have been proposed, particularly in the superfamily Gonyleptoidea. As part of this superfamily, the basalmost Stygnopsidae is the least known family. In order to propose the first total evidence phylogeny of the family, we produced four datasets: three molecular markers – partial nuclear 28S, mitochondrial ribosomal 16S, mitochondrial protein-encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; and 72 morphological characters. With these data, we performed three different phylogenetic analyses: (1) Bayesian Inference with molecular data, and (2) Bayesian Inference and (3) Maximum Likelihood using combined data. Our results are congruent: a monophyletic Stygnopsidae subdivided into two major clades: Stygnopsinae and Karosinae, subfam. nov. The following genera are redefined: Stygnopsis, Hoplobunus and Serrobunus stat. rev. The following taxa are described: Iztlina venefica, gen. nov., sp. nov. and Tonalteca, gen. nov. Additionally, the following changes are proposed: Serrobunus queretarius (Šilhavý, 1974), comb. nov., Stygnopsis apoalensis (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1973), comb. nov., Stygnopsis mexicana (Roewer, 1915), comb. nov., Stygnopsis oaxacensis (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1973), comb. nov., and Tonalteca spinooculorum (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1973), comb. nov. We also discuss the status of the genera Isaeus stat. rev. and Mexotroglinus. Finally, we discuss the evolution of male genitalia and convergence of selected homoplastic diagnostic characters.

Download Full-text

Molecular characterisation of, and new data on, two populations of Xiphinema ingens Luc & Dalmasso, 1964 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Iran

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00002858 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 125-138

Author(s):

Sohrab Mirzaei ◽

Ebrahim Pourjam ◽

Majid Pedram

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Morphological Variation ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Molecular Data ◽

28S Rdna ◽

Molecular Characterisation ◽

Morphometric Data ◽

Two Populations

Two populations of Xiphinema ingens were recovered and characterised based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. Interesting morphological variation was observed on the nature of differentiation in uterus of females between both populations, i.e. one population had only a pseudo-Z-organ in the shape of globular bodies, whilst the second population had a similar pseudo-Z-organ but also had crystalloids which varied in size and number and were located near the pseudo-Z-globules or sometimes at some distance from them towards the vagina. Variation was also observed in the shape of tail of juveniles within each population as well as between two recovered populations. Both populations had the same range of morphometric data and formed a fully supported clade in both Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods of phylogenetic analyses using partial sequences of 28S rDNA D2-D3 and ITS1 regions. The two populations of X. ingens formed a clade with another Xiphinema species native to Iran (X. castilloi) in 28S and two species, X. macroacanthum and X. bernardi, in ITS1 trees.

Download Full-text

Phlebia nigrodontea sp. nov. in Meruliaceae (Polyporales) with a black hymenial surface

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.458.3.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 458 (3) ◽

pp. 195-206

Author(s):

RUO-XIA HUANG ◽

KAI-YUE LUO ◽

CHANG-LIN ZHAO

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Strong Support ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Monophyletic Lineage ◽

Phlebioid Clade ◽

Thin Walled ◽

Inference Methods

A new wood-inhabiting fungus, Phlebia nigrodontea, is proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. The species is characterized by a grandinioid hymenophore with vinaceous brown to black colour, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and ellipsoid, colourless, thin-walled, smooth basidiospores (3.9–4.9 × 2.3–3.1 µm). Sequences of ITS and LSU nrRNA gene regions of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses carried out using maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses based on the molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that P. nigrodontea nested within the phlebioid clade. A further investigation of more representative taxa from Phlebia, based on ITS+nLSU sequences, demonstrated that the species P. nigrodontea formed a monophyletic lineage with strong support (100% BS, 100% BT, 1.00 BPP) and closely grouped with P. chrysocreas.

Download Full-text

Molecular evidence for the systematic positions of two enigmatic mosses: Pterogonidium pulchellum (Sematophyllaceae, Musci) and Piloecium pseudorufescens (Myuriaceae, Musci)

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b06-002 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 84 (3) ◽

pp. 501-507

Author(s):

Ying Chang ◽

Chan Woon Khiong ◽

Sean W. Graham ◽

Benito C. Tan

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Maximum Parsimony ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Systematic Position ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Rbcl Gene ◽

Branch Support ◽

New Evidence ◽

Rbcl Gene Sequences

The systematic position of Pterogonidium pulchellum (W.J. Hooker) Muell. Hal. in the Sematophyllaceae and Piloecium pseudorufescens (Hampe) Muell. Hal. in the Myuriaceae is reexamined with new evidence derived from rbcL gene sequences. A total of 18 taxa from Sematophyllaceae, Hypnaceae, Myuriaceae, and Hookeriaceae were included, 11 of which were newly sequenced for the rbcL gene. Analyses were done using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood (TrN + Γ + I model and GTR + Γ + I model), and Bayesian inference (GTR + Γ + I model). The results show that Pterogonidium pulchellum has a closer relationship with members of Hypnaceae than with Sematophyllaceae, while Piloecium pseudorufescens forms a clade with the Sematophyllaceae in all phylogenetic analyses, with robust branch support. Two SOWH tests were carried out and the results show that it is not appropriate to classify Pterogonidium pulchellum in Sematophyllaceae and it is also not appropriate to classify Piloecium pseudorufescens in Myuriaceae.

Download Full-text

The Phylogenetic Relationship Revealed Three New Wood-Inhabiting Fungal Species From Genus Trechispora

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.650195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Wei Zhao ◽

Chang-Lin Zhao

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Maximum Parsimony ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Wood Degradation ◽

Inference Methods

Wood-inhabiting fungi play a significant role in wood degradation and the cycle of matter in the ecological system. In the present study, three new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Trechispora bambusicola, Trechispora fimbriata, and Trechispora fissurata spp. nov., are nested in Trechispora, which are proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (nLSU) regions of the studied samples were generated, and the phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses inferred from ITS showed that T. bambusicola was sister to Trechispora stevensonii, T. fimbriata grouped with Trechispora nivea, and T. fissurata grouped with Trechispora echinospora. The phylogenetic tree based on ITS + nLSU sequences demonstrated that T. bambusicola formed a single lineage and then grouped with Trechispora rigida and T. stevensonii. T. fimbriata was sister to T. nivea. T. fissurata grouped with Trechispora thelephora.

Download Full-text

New sharks and other chondrichthyans from the latest Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) of North America

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/jpa.2018.92 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 512-530 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Terry A. Gates ◽

Eric Gorscak ◽

Peter J. Makovicky

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

North America ◽

Maximum Parsimony ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Western Interior Seaway ◽

Fossil Species ◽

Aquatic Vertebrates ◽

Unidentified Species

AbstractCretaceous aquatic ecosystems were amazingly diverse, containing most clades of extant aquatic vertebrates as well as an array of sharks and rays not present today. Here we report on the chondrichthyan fauna from the late Maastrichtian site that yielded the Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton FMNH PF 2081 (“SUE”). Significant among the recovered fauna is an unidentified species of carcharhinid shark that adds to the fossil record of this family in the Cretaceous, aligning with estimates from molecular evidence of clade originations. Additionally, a new orectolobiform shark, here named Galagadon nordquistae n. gen. n. sp., is diagnosed on the basis on several autapomorphies from over two-dozen teeth. Common chondrichthyan species found at the “SUE” locality include Lonchidion selachos and Myledaphus pustulosus. Two phylogenetic analyses (Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference) based on twelve original dental character traits combined with 136 morphological traits from a prior study of 28 fossil and extant taxa, posited Galagadon n. gen. in two distinct positions: as part of a clade inclusive of the fossil species Cretorectolobus olsoni and Cederstroemia triangulata plus extant orectolobids from the Maximum Parsimony analysis; and as the sister taxon to all extant hemiscyllids from the Bayesian Inference. Model-based biogeographical reconstructions based on both optimal trees suggest rapid island hopping-style dispersal from the Western Pacific to the Western Interior Seaway of North America where Galagadon n. gen. lived. Alternatively, the next preferred model posits a broader, near-global distribution of Orectolobiformes with Galagadon n. gen. dispersing into its geographic position from this large ancestral range.UUID: http://zoobank.org/61e32ffc-4f87-4ff7-820d-0bb33a80f0a0

Download Full-text

Lamproconiaceae fam. nov. to accommodate Lamproconium desmazieri

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.270.2.2 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 270 (2) ◽

pp. 89 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

CHADA NORPHANPHOUN ◽

SINANG HONGSANAN ◽

MINGKWAN DOILOM ◽

DARBHE J. BHAT ◽

TING-CHI WEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Maximum Parsimony ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Single Spore ◽

Incertae Sedis ◽

New Family ◽

Phylogenetic Data

The genus Lamproconium comprises species that are endophytes, saprobes and pathogens on a wide variety of plants. This genus is currently placed in Diaporthales genera incertae sedis. Fresh specimens of Lamproconium were collected in Russia and studied to provide morphological and phylogenetic data. Phylogenetic analyses of single spore isolates generated from maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference analyses using combined ITS and LSU sequence data, place L. desmazieri in the order Diaporthales. Melanconis desmazieri is synonymized under Lamproconium desmazieri, and Lamproconiaceae is introduced as a new family to accommodate L. desmazieri and Hercospora tiliae, based on morphology and phylogenetic analyses.

Download Full-text