Taxonomic Revision of Coleostachys (Malpighiaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 277 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL FELIPE DE ALMEIDA ◽  
CLIMBIÊ FERREIRA HALL
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Line Drawings

Coleostachys is a monospecific genus of Neotropical Malpighiaceae, known in the literature from only two collections. After a thorough analysis of Brazilian and International herbaria, we present a taxonomic revision of Coleostachys. This work includes a complete morphological description of the genus and its single species, C. genipifolia, along with line drawings and photograph plates, a distribution map, and comments on taxonomy, ecology and conservation of this obscure Amazonian genus.

Taxonomic revision and morphological delimitation of Oxalis sect. Ripariae (Oxalidaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 529 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-159
Author(s):  
ANELISE NUERNBERG-SILVA ◽  
PEDRO FIASCHI
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Near Threatened

Phylogenetic studies indicate that several infrageneric taxa in Oxalis require taxonomic updates to attain monophyly. In this contribution, we update the morphological delimitation of the South American Oxalis sect. Ripariae and provide a taxonomic revision of the currently accepted species. The sectional delimitation was carried out by comparing micro- and macromorphological features of Oxalis sect. Ripariae, O. sect. Corniculatae, and O. sect. Myriophyllum. These sections share yellow flowers and aerial stems. Glandular hairs and larger seeds with the surface longitudinally crested and with projections are exclusive to Oxalis sect. Ripariae. We accept 11 species in the section, including three previously placed in Oxalis sect. Corniculatae (i.e., O. eriocarpa, O. niederleinii, and O. refracta), but excluding O. serpens and O. subvillosa, which are moved to O. sect. Corniculatae. We also describe a new species (Oxalis lourteiginana), propose a new name and status for O. bifrons subsp. littoralis (now O. pampeana), the synonymization of O. irreperta with O. riparia, six second-step lectotypifications, and one epitypification. For each accepted species we provide a morphological description, illustrations, ecological and taxonomic information, conservation status following IUCN, and a geographic distribution map. Most species occur in southern Brazil, but the section is widespread also in Argentina, Uruguay, and eastern Paraguay. Six species are categorized as threatened and further three as near threatened. Besides, we provide an identification key for the taxa of the section.

Taxonomic revision of the monotypic genus Acyphus Heller (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with comments on infraspecific variation

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1312 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANALIA A. LANTERI ◽  
M. GUADALUPE DEL RIO
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
North Central ◽  
Infraspecific Variation ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
Senior Synonym

Acyphus Heller, 1921 is a monotypic genus of Entiminae, Naupactini, ranging in north-central Argentina, southern Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. Its single species is mainly associated to trees of the genus Prosopis (Leguminosae), with several species ranging throughout the xerophytic forests of the Chacoan subregion. The genus is easily recognized by the presence of 20 elytral striae and the robust antennae, with strongly dilated scape, compressed from near base onwards. Acyphus renggeri (Labram & Imhoff) -senior synonym of Acyphus funicularis Hellershows variation in the distribution and density of the scaly vestiture of the elytra. There is a morphotype devoid of distinct scales and two squamose morphotypes with different irregular nebulose pattern. The paper includes descriptions of the genus and its only species, habitus photographs, line drawings of genitalia and mouth parts, and a map of distribution.

Taxonomic revision of the New World big-eyed minute litter bug genus Ommatides Uhler (Hemiptera: Schizopteridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4585 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROCHELLE HOEY-CHAMBERLAIN ◽  
CHRISTIANE WEIRAUCH
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
New World ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Hypselosomatinae, the big-eyed minute litter bugs, are diagnosed among Schizopteridae (infraorder Dipsocoromorpha) by the large eye, 4-segmented labium, and distinct wing venation. The group was recovered as sister taxon to all remaining Schizopteridae in recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. Described species diversity of Hypselosomatinae (13 extant genera prior to this study) is greatest in the Old World and in particular the Australian region, while only five monotypic or small genera are currently described from the New World (Glyptocombus Heidemann, Ommatides Uhler, Williamsocoris Carpintero & Dellapé, Hypsohapsis Hoey-Chamberlain & Weirauch, and Hypselosomops Hoey-Chamberlain & Weirauch). Based on examination of 60 specimens of Hypselosomatinae from South America, we here synonymize Ommatides that includes one described species from the Lesser Antilles with the monotypic genus Williamsocoris Carpintero & Dellapé from Argentina, describe seven new species of Ommatides (O. duodentis sp. nov., O. nudus sp. nov., O. parvidentis sp. nov., O. pillcopata sp. nov., O. pristis sp. nov., O. tridentis sp. nov., O. yoderi sp. nov. and O. zanderij sp. nov.) from various locations in South America, and redescribe Ommatides. We provide thorough documentation of morphological features using macroimages, SEM, and line drawings for new taxa and Ommatides insignis Uhler and a distribution map for all currently known New World Hypselosomatinae. 

Novelties in Persicaria (Polygonaceae): description of a narrowly endemic new species from southern Brazil, and typification of the name Polygonum minus

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 490 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
LUÍS A. FUNEZ ◽  
GUSTAVO HASSEMER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Polygonum Minus ◽  
Narrow Area ◽  
Eurasian Species ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Locus Classicus

A new species of Persicaria, P. humboldtiana, endemic to a narrow area of waterfalls in Corupá, southern Brazil, is described in the present paper. The locus classicus of the new species is well-known for plant endemisms. A complete morphological description, original pictures, a distribution map, and a morphological comparison with the similar Eurasian species P. minor (≡ Polygonum minus) are given. The name Polygonum minus is lecto- and epitypified on, respectively, a Morison’s illustration and a specimen preserved at BM.

Phyllagathis stellata (Sonerileae, Melastomataceae), a new species from southwestern Sarawak, Borneo

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 365 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
CHE-WEI LIN ◽  
CHI-HUNG LEE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The Past ◽  
A New Species

Reknowned for its high biodiversity and endemism, over one third of the Bornean species of Phyllagathis were discovered in Sarawak over the past two years. In this study, we report an addition of a new species of Phyllagathis, namely P. stellata from southwestern Sarawak. In addition to the taxonomic account, color plates, line drawings, a distribution map, and comparisons with morphologically similar species are provided to aid in identification.

scholarly journals Co-occurring cryptic species pose challenges for conservation: a case study of the African dwarf crocodile (Osteolaemusspp.) in Cameroon

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Smolensky
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Encounter Rates ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Threatened Taxa ◽  
Population Structures

AbstractThe conservation status of threatened taxa may be obfuscated by the detection of cryptic species complexes, in both vertebrate and invertebrate species. African dwarf crocodiles (Osteolaemusspp.) are hunted throughout their range but their conservation status is unknown. Few population assessments have been carried out and there has been a taxonomic revision of the number of species in the genus. The similar morphologies ofOsteolaemus tetraspisandOsteolaemus osbornipose a challenge for conservation in Cameroon, where they are still managed as a single species. Nocturnal spotlight surveys were conducted in three regions during August–November 2010 and December 2011–February 2012 to provide population assessments ofO. tetraspisandO. osborniand raise awareness of the two species in Cameroon. The mean encounter rates ofO. tetraspisandO. osborniwere 1.02 ± SD 1.34 (65 individuals in 39 surveys) and 0.61 ± SD 0.38 (three in four surveys) crocodiles per km, respectively. TheO. tetraspispopulation comprised juveniles predominantly and had a male-biased sex ratio. The fewO. osbornidetected comprised both adults and juveniles. Both species are threatened in Cameroon, based on low encounter rates, young population structures and the threats of habitat loss and hunting pressure. This study provides distribution maps and serves as a baseline to quantify population trends and inform conservation strategies.

A new species of Gymnopus sect. Androsacei (Omphalotaceae, Agaricales) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 521 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
JI-PENG LI ◽  
BIN SONG ◽  
ZHAN FENG ◽  
JING WANG ◽  
CHUN-YING DENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Gymnopus sect. Androsacei, namely, G. pallipes is described and illustrated based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence. It is characterized by marasmioid basidiomata, a dark brown to reddish brown pileus becoming dull white to yellowish grey with age, whitish to pale yellow stipe and presence of rhizomorphs. Phylogenetic analyses support it as a new species within Gymnopus sect. Androsacei. The detailed morphological description, colour photos of basidiomata, and line drawings of microcharacters are presented and delimitation characters from similar species are discussed. A key to the known species of Gymnopus s. str. from China is also provided.

The genus Wellstedia (Boraginaceae: Wellstedioideae) in southern Africa

Bothalia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Retief ◽  
A. E. Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Dwarf Shrub ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Strong Similarity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
The Arid Regions

This regional taxonomic revision of the genus  Wellstedia  Balf.f., a member of the family Boraginaceae  s.I. (including Hydrophyllaceae s.str.), is part of a series of publications on the Boraginaceae in southern Africa.  Wellstedia comprises six species, five in Socotra, Somalia and Ethiopia with the remaining one.  W. dinteri Pilg.. occurring in southern Africa.  W dinteri Pilg. subsp. dinteri occurs in Namibia and the Northern Cape, whereas the newly instated subspecies W. dinteri subsp. gracilior (D.R.Hunt) Retief A.E.van Wyk, based on W. dinteri Pilg. var. gracilior D.R.Hunt, is confined to Namibia only. The disjunct distribution of Wellstedia and numerous other plant and animal taxa between the arid regions of northeastern Africa and southern Africa is usually explained by the postulated periodic existence of an arid corridor between the two regions during the arid phases of the Pleistocene and even earlier.  Wellstedia is treated here in Wellstedioideae, a subfamily of Boraginaceae s.I. but is sometimes placed in a family of its own, Wellstediaceae Pilger. Morphologically Wellstedia displays strong similarity to genera of the Ehretioideae and also to certain members of the Hydrophyllaceae. The genus is characterized by a perennial, dwarf shrub habit, densely hairy leaves. 4-merous flowers, a terminal, bifid style and a 1- or 2-seeded capsule. A key to the two subspecies, diagnostic characters, a distribution map and illustrations of various macro- and micromorphological features are provided.

Revision of Zorion Pascoe (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), an endemic genus of New Zealand

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1066 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANZ-RUDOLF SCHNITZLER ◽  
QIAO WANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Endemic Genus ◽  
Longhorn Beetle

The genus Zorion Pascoe (Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae), commonly known as flower longhorn beetle, is endemic to New Zealand where it is widely distributed on the main and some offshore islands. A taxonomic revision of Zorion adults is given, including a description and illustrations of the genus. The previously known species Z. batesi Sharp, Z. guttigerum (Westwood), Z. minutum (Fabricius), and Z. opacum Sharp are redescribed; Z. castum Broun is synonymised with Z.guttigerum. Lectotypes are designated here for Z. guttigerum and Z. opacum. Six new species are described, Z. angustifasciatum sp. nov. from Three Kings Islands, Z. australe sp. nov. from South Island, Z. dugdalei sp. nov. from Poor Knights Island, Z. kaikouraiensis sp. nov. from the Kaikoura region, Z. nonmaculatum sp. nov. from D’Urville Islands, and Z. taranakiensis sp. nov. from the Taranaki region. The species Z. exiguum Gmelin has been excluded from the study because neither the original description nor the holotype could be located. A key to all ten species is included and diagnostic elytral spot patterns are illustrated. Biological information presented is based on publications, collecting records and our observations. A distribution map for all species is included and species distribution is discussed in relation to New Zealand’s biogeographical history.

Phylogenetics of the mycoheterotrophic genus Thismia (Thismiaceae: Dioscoreales) with a focus on the Old World taxa: delineation of novel natural groups and insights into the evolution of morphological traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A Shepeleva ◽  
Mikhail I Schelkunov ◽  
Michal Hroneš ◽  
Michal Sochor ◽  
Martin Dančák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Old World ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Floral Characters

Abstract Thismia is a genus of > 80 mycoheterotrophic species characterized by a peculiar appearance and complex floral morphology. A significant proportion of the species and morphological diversity of Thismia has only been uncovered in the past two decades, and new discoveries continue to be made. Given that many new data have recently become available, and the most comprehensive taxonomic revision of the genus from 1938 addresses less than half of the currently known species, previous hypotheses for species relationships and infrageneric taxonomic classification in Thismia was in need of review. Extensive molecular phylogenetic studies of Thismia at the genus level have never been presented. We investigate the phylogenetic relationships of 41 species (and one variety) of Thismia from the Old World. Our study comprises 68 specimens (for 28 of which the data were newly generated), including outgroup taxa broadly representing Thismiaceae (= Burmanniaceae p.p. sensuAPG IV, 2016), and is based on two nuclear and one mitochondrial marker. We use maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference to infer relationships among the taxa. We also constructed a morphological dataset of 12 mostly floral characters, comparing these characters to hypotheses based on molecular evidence to identify putative synapomorphies for major clades and to discuss hypotheses regarding the evolution of structural traits in the genus. Our analyses indicate that the majority of currently accepted infrageneric taxa of Thismia are polyphyletic. We find support for the monophyly of the Old World group, in which we recognize five well-supported lineages (clades); the only New World species studied appears to be related to the Neotropical genus Tiputinia. Ancestral state reconstructions demonstrate that the evolution of most morphological characters was homoplastic, but we identify characters that provide each of the five clades of Old World Thismia with a unique morphological description. The geographical distribution of the species under study is also shown to be consistent with the major clades. Our investigation provides a phylogenetic basis for the development of a novel sectional classification of Thismia reflecting morphological and geographical traits.

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