A taxonomic revision of the genus Haplosyllis Langerhans, 1887 (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2220 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA LATTIG ◽  
DANIEL MARTIN
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Taxonomic Feature ◽  
Nomina Dubia ◽  
San Martín

The genus Haplosyllis Langerhans, 1887 is revised based on available types and newly collected specimens. 19 species are considered as valid, five as incertae sedis and four are referred to nomina dubia. Trypanoseta (Imajima, 1966) is synonymised with Haplosyllis, as the presence of trepan is considered a non-robust taxonomic feature, affecting H. ohma new comb. (Imajima & Hartman, 1964) and H. granulosa new comb. (Lattig, San Martín & Martín, 2007). Haplosyllis streptocephala (Grube, 1857) is a new combination and two species are considered to belong to Alcyonosyllis Glasby & Watson, 2001: A. bisetosa new comb. (Hartmann-Schröder, 1960) and A. gorgoniacola new comb. (Sun & Yang, 2004). All valid species are described and figured except those described during the last decade, which only includes diagnoses and chaetae illustrations. A dichotomous key to all valid species of Haplosyllis is provided.

scholarly journals A revision of the genus Psammogorgia Verrill, 1868 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Octocorallia) in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 961 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Odalisca Breedy ◽  
Hector M. Guzman
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Eastern Pacific Ocean ◽  
Tropical Eastern Pacific ◽  
Character Tables ◽  
Two New Species

The species of the genus Psammogorgia Verrill, 1868 from the shallow waters of the tropical eastern Pacific were mainly described from 1846 to 1870. Very few contributions were published subsequently. Recently, the genus was revisited with the addition of two new species. However, a comprehensive generic study is still missing for the eastern Pacific. Psammogorgia is characterised by having axes cores without mineralisation, mainly coarse irregular spindles and thorny, leafy or tuberculate clubs coenenchymal sclerites and the anthocodial armature with distinct collaret and points arrangements. Herein a taxonomic revision of the genus is presented based on type material which was morphologically analysed and illustrated using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Comparative character tables are provided for comparison among species in the genus, along with a taxonomic key. Moreover, the taxonomic status of each species was analysed. The genus Psammogorgia comprises six valid species and two varieties, and three lectotypes and a new combination are proposed to establish the taxonomic status of these species.

scholarly journals Resolution of some taxonomic and nomenclatural issues in a recent revision of Ceraeochrysa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2565 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
CATHERINE A. TAUBER ◽  
OLIVER S. FLINT, JR.
Keyword(s):  
Junior Synonym ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Green Lacewing ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Visual Evidence ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
Name Changes ◽  
Subjective Synonym

With the purpose of promoting nomenclatural stability, this paper addresses a number of errors, omissions, and controversial conclusions in a recent revision of the green lacewing genus Ceraeochrysa by Freitas et al. (2009). 1. Valid species, new combinations and synonymies: (a) We identified Ceraeochrysa chiricahuae Freitas and Penny (in Freitas et al. 2009), Chrysopa forreri Navás, and Chrysopa intacta Navás as subjective synonyms. Thus, Ceraeochrysa intacta, a species that was previously synonymized under Ceraeochrysa placita (Banks), becomes the valid name of the species [New status, new combination]. Chrysopa forreri is now synonymized under Cer. intacta, not Cer. placita [New synonymy]. And, Cer. chiricahuae becomes a junior synonym of Cer. intacta, not a valid species of Ceraeochrysa [New synonymy]. (b) We enumerate specific internal and external features of the Chrysopa cornuta Navás type that identify it as conspecific with Ceraeochrysa caligata (Banks), not Ceraeochrysa cincta (Schneider) as proposed by Freitas et al. (2009). Thus, Ceraeochrysa cornuta (Navás), which has priority, is reinstated as the valid name [Reinstated status, reinstated combination], and Ceraeochrysa caligata (Banks) is reinstated as a junior subjective synonym of Cer. cornuta, not a valid species [Reinstated synonymy]. (c) We provide documented evidence for reinstating three synonymies that Freitas et al. had reversed [Reinstated synonymies]: (i) Allochrysa parvula Banks is a junior subjective synonym of Ceraeochrysa lineaticornis (Fitch); (ii) Chrysopa columbiana Banks is a junior subjective synonym of Ceraeochrysa lineaticornis (Fitch); (iii) Chrysopa rochina (Navás) is a junior subjective synonym of Ceraeochrysa cincta (Schneider). 2. Generic assignments: (a) Visual evidence is provided for the placement of Ceraeochrysa laufferi (Navás) in Ungla. Therefore, Ungla laufferi (Navás) is reinstated as the valid name [Reinstated combination]. (b) We question Freitas et al.’s rationale for including Cer. placita (Banks) and Cer. intacta (Navás) (as Cer. chiricahuae Freitas and Penny) in the genus Ceraeochrysa; female and larval features of the two species differ markedly from those used to characterize Ceraeochrysa species. As an alternative that recognizes the uncertainty surrounding the generic placement of these species and that avoids additional, unnecessary name changes, we propose including the caveat “genus incertae sedis” with the names, as follows: Ceraeochrysa placita (Banks), genus incertae sedis, and Ceraeochrysa intacta (Navás), genus incertae sedis. 3. Type designations: (a) Errors concerning the Chrysopa furculata Navás type in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris (MNHN), are corrected, and doubts raised by Freitas et al. (2009) concerning the identification of this specimen as the holotype are removed. (b) The earlier designation of the Chrysopa rochina (Navás) type in the MNHN as the lectotype (not holotype) is verified.

Systematic revision and morphological phylogenetic analysis of Anchylorhynchus Schoenherr, 1836 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Derelomini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4839 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRUNO A. S. DE MEDEIROS ◽  
SERGIO A. VANIN
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Software Pipeline ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
The Common ◽  
Species Descriptions

Anchylorhynchus Schoenherr is a genus of palm-associated weevils currently including 22 described species in the Neotropics. These weevils engage in brood pollination interactions with species in at least four genera of palms (Arecaceae), representing an emerging system for the study of mutualisms. Here we revise the taxonomy of Anchylorhynchus and propose the first phylogenetic hypothesis for the group, based on morphology. Anchylorhynchus chrysomeloides sp. nov., Anchylorhynchus goiano sp. nov., Anchylorhynchus imitator sp. nov., Anchylorhynchus latipes sp. nov., Anchylorhynchus multisquamis sp. nov. and Anchylorhynchus rectus sp. nov. are described, Anchylorhynchus gottsbergerorum Vanin is a new junior subjective synonym of Anchylorhynchus bicarinatus O’Brien, and Anchylorhynchus eriospathae Bondar and Anchylorhynchus pictipennis Hustache are new junior subjective synonyms of Anchylorhynchus tremolerasi Hustache, resulting in 25 valid species for the genus. We provide genus and species descriptions with a new dichotomous key to the species and updated information on geography and host associations based on museum records and extensive new collections. We also produce a new morphological matrix with 113 characters, 11 of them based on measurements while accounting for allometry, correlation and power to delimit groups. The software pipeline to produce these characters was encoded in a graphical user interface named DiscretzR, made available here. Analysis of this matrix under parsimony and Bayesian inference resulted in strong support for the monophyly of Anchylorhynchus, but weaker support for most clades within the genus. Reconstruction of the host plant associations indicates that the common ancestor of Anchylorhynchus visited flowers of Syagrus Mart., with later transitions to other genera restricted to one of the major clades of Anchylorhynchus. This taxonomic revision with the first phylogeny for the group provides a foundation for future evolutionary studies in the genus. 

A taxonomic revision of the Canthon subgenus Pseudepilissus Martínez, 1954 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-752
Author(s):  
Marcelli K. Vieira ◽  
Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello ◽  
Fernando A. B. Silva
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Number Of Species

The subgenus Canthon (Pseudepilissus) Martínez, 1954 is revised. Four valid species are redescribed: Canthon (Pseudepilissus) muticus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) lunatus Schmidt, 1922; C. (P.) planus Lucas, 1857 and C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910. Three species assigned to other groups are transferred in the subgenus: C. (P.) quadratus Blanchard, 1843 [previously Canthon “incertae sedis”]; C. (P.) edentulus Harold, 1868 [previously Canthon “incertae sedis”] and C. (P.) seminulus Harold, 1867 comb. nov. [previously Vulcanocanthon]. The genus Vulcanocanthon Pereira & Martínez, 1960 syn. nov. is synonymized with Canthon (Pseudepilissus). Three subspecies are raised to species level: C. (P.) tibialis Schmidt, 1922 stat. nov. [previously C. (P.) lunatus tibialis]; C. (P.) granuliceps Felsche, 1910 stat. nov. [previously C. edentulus granuliceps] and C. (P.) hendrichsi Halffter & Martínez, 1968 stat. nov. [previously C. (P.) muticus hendrichsi]. C. (P.) honsi Balthasar, 1939 syn. nov. is synonymized with C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910. Four new species are described: Canthon (P.) arriagadai sp. nov., Canthon (P.) bonaerensis sp. nov., Canthon (P.) vidaurrei sp. nov. and Canthon (P.) ziggy sp. nov., bringing the number of species in the subgenus to 14. Lectotypes are designated for six species C. (P.) muticus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910; C. (P.) planus Lucas, 1857; C. (P.) seminulus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) granuliceps Felsche, 1910 and C. (P.) quadratus Blanchard, 1843. A detailed literature review, synonymies, description, illustration of key morphological characters, data on the studied material and geographic distribution are provided for each species.

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision of the spider family Penestomidae (Araneae, Entelegynae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2534 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEREMY A. MILLER ◽  
CHARLES E. GRISWOLD ◽  
CHARLES R. HADDAD
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Data Elements

Conflicting character evidence and a scarcity of male specimens has historically made placement of the spider subfamily Penestominae Simon problematic. The Penestominae was recently removed from the family Eresidae and promoted to family rank based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study; a complementary taxonomic revision of the Penestomidae is presented here. Penestomidae contains a single genus, Penestomus Simon, 1902. The genus Wajane Lehtinen, 1967 was previously included in the Penestominae, and distinguished from Penestomus based on the lack of a cribellum. Wajane is, in fact, cribellate, and is here synonymized with Penestomus New synonymy. Nine Penestomus species are recognized: four species are redescribed (P. planus Simon, 1902, P. croeseri Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1989, P. stilleri (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1989), new combination, and P. armatus (Lehtinen, 1967)) new combination, and five species are newly described (P. egazini sp. nov., P. kruger sp. nov., P. montanus sp. nov., P. prendinii sp. nov., and P. zulu sp. nov.). Male specimens are rare in collections; only P. egazini, P. montanus, and P. armatus are known from males, and only P. armatus is unknown from females. A dichotomous key to the species is provided. Data elements in this work have been disseminated across multiple electronic venues, including images on Morphbank, distribution data exposed through GBIF and explorable using Google Earth, new nomenclatural acts registered with ZooBank, and species pages on the Encyclopedia of Life. Where available, species descriptions include links to molecular sequence data on GenBank.

Redescription of Pungentus pungens Thorne & Swanger, 1936 (Dorylaimida: Nordiidae), with a revised taxonomy of the genus

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Álvarez-Ortega ◽  
Reyes Peña-Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Neck Length ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Species Inquirenda ◽  
Emended Diagnosis

Pungentus pungens, the type species of its genus, is re-described and illustrated on the base of type material and recently collected specimens. It is characterised by a body 1.51-2.04 mm long and comparatively slender (a = 40-54), 9-12 μm broad lip region offset by weak but perceptible constriction, odontostyle 18-23 μm long, neck 343-395 μm long, pharyngeal expansion occupying 48-57% of total neck length, uterus simple and 34-54 μm long or 0.8-1.6 corresponding body diam., V = 45-52, tail short and rounded (21-29 μm, c = 66-86, c′ = 0.8-1.1) with abundant saccate bodies, spicules 47 μm long, and ten widely spaced ventromedian supplements lacking a hiatus. An emended diagnosis is proposed forPungentusand its separation from the most similar genera is discussed. Sixteen valid species as well as onespecies inquirendaand threespecies incertae sedisare listed. Two new synonymies are proposed:Pungentus maoriumofP. silvestris, andP. minnsiofP. pungens.Pungentus mosellaeis herein consideredspecies incertae sedis. A dichotomous key to species identification and a compendium of their morphometrics are also provided.

Taxonomic revision of the New World genus Chlorotabanus Lutz, 1913 (Diptera: Tabanidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2656 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIAGO KÜTTER KROLOW ◽  
AUGUSTO LOUREIRO HENRIQUES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
New World ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
New Synonymy

The genus Chlorotabanus Lutz is revised herein based on examination of external morphology of type material and specimens from Brazilian and international institutions (total of 2,134 specimens, 201 males and 1,933 females). Eight currently valid species are recognized: C. crepuscularis (Bequaert, 1926); C. fairchildi Wilkerson, 1979; C. flagellatus Krolow & Henriques, 2009; C. inanis (Fabricius, 1787); C. leucochlorus Fairchild, 1961; C. mexicanus (Linnaeus, 1758); C. ochreus Philip & Fairchild, 1956; C. parviceps (Kröber, 1934). Three new species are described: C. falsiflagellatus n. sp. (Brazil, Amazonas), C. leuconotus n. sp. (Amazon region) and C. microceratus n. sp. (Brasil, Maranhão). Tabanus tetrapunctus Thunberg, 1827, previously synonymous with C. mexicanus, here is synonymous with C. crepuscularis (new synonymy). We provide diagnosis, descriptions, redescriptions, distribution records, illustrations and discussion for all species, as well as a dichotomous key for identification of females.

A taxonomic revision of the genus Scybalocanthon Martínez, 1948 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4629 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDO A. B. SILVA ◽  
MARCELY VALOIS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Subjective Synonym

The genus Scybalocanthon Martínez, 1948 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini) is revised and now consists of 23 valid species. Eight new species are described: S. acrianus new species, S. adisi new species, S. arnaudi new species, S. chamorroi new species, S. federicoescobari new species, S. haroldi new species, S. martinezi new species, and S. papaxibe new species. Scybalocanthon uniplagiatus (Schmidt, 1922) new combination is placed in the genus for the first time. The following species previously assigned to Scybalocanthon are here placed in the genus Canthon Hoffmannsegg, 1817: Canthon arcabuquensis (Molano & Medina, 2010) new combination, Canthon balachowskyi (Martínez & Halffter, 1972) new combination, Canthon luctuosus Harold, 1868, Canthon magnus (Molano & Parrales, 2015) new combination, and Canthon nigellus Schmidt, 1922. Scybalocanthon imitans (Harold, 1868) is a new junior subjective synonym of S. sexspilotus (Guérin-Méneville, 1855) and S. zischkai Martínez, 1949 is a new junior subjective synonym of S. aereus (Schmidt, 1922). Lectotypes are designated for S. aereus (Schmidt, 1922), S. cyanocephalus (Harold, 1868), S. darlingtoni (Paulian, 1939), S. kaestneri (Balthasar, 1939), S. maculatus (Schmidt, 1920), S. moniliatus (Bates, 1887), S. pinopterus (Kirsch, 1873), S. pygidialis (Schmidt, 1922), S. trimaculatus (Schmidt, 1922), and S. uniplagiatus (Schmidt, 1922). A neotype is designated for S. sexspilotus (Guérin-Méneville, 1855). A detailed literature review, synonymies, diagnosis, key for species identification, illustration of key morphological characters, as well as data of the studied material and geographic distribution are provided for each species. 

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision of the genus Oodera Westwood, 1874 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae, Cleonyminae), with description of ten new species

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 73-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Werner ◽  
Ralph S. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
The World ◽  
Nomina Dubia

The world species ofOoderaWestwood, 1874 (Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae: Cleonyminae: Ooderini) are revised. We examined 115 specimens of this rarely collected genus and based on morphological characters assign 110 specimens to 20 recognised species, of which the following ten are described as new:Ooderacircularicollissp. n.(Morocco),O.felixsp. n.(Central African Republic),O.fidelissp. n.(Vietnam),O.floreasp. n.(Thailand),O.heikewerneraesp. n.(Botswana and South Africa),O.leibnizisp. n.(Papua New Guinea, Malaysia and Phillippines),O.mkomaziensissp. n.(Tanzania),O.namibiensissp. n.(Namibia),O.niehuisorumsp. n.(Egypt and Israel), andO.srilankiensissp. n.(Sri Lanka).OoderamonstrumNikol’skaya, 1952, syn. n., is synonymised underO.formosa(Giraud, 1863). Five specimens could not be assigned to species and are treated asOoderasp. Redescriptions are provided for all previously described valid species.OoderaalbopilosaCrosby, 1909 is excluded fromOoderaand transferred toEupelmusDalman, 1820 (Eupelmidae) asE.albopilosa(Crosby, 1909) n. comb.OoderarufimanaWestwood, 1874 andO.obscuraWestwood, 1874 are treated asnomina dubiabecause we were unable to locate type specimens and the original descriptions are not sufficiently informative to clarify the taxonomic status of these names. Several specimens from North America are identified as introduced specimens of the European speciesO.formosa. We provide images and diagnostic characters for all 20 included species and an identification key to species.

Genera, subgenera, species and subspecies of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) described, named, renamed or given new rank by Paul Schulze (1887–1949) and their current status

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4325 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. GUGLIELMONE ◽  
T. N. PETNEY ◽  
M. MASTROPAOLO ◽  
R. G. ROBBINS
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Ixodes Uriae ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Nomina Dubia ◽  
Amblyomma Testudinarium ◽  
The Many

The names for 19 genera, 17 subgenera, 150 species and 150 subspecies of Ixodidae described by Paul Schulze, names changed by him after the revision of certain taxa, new ranks for names originally described by other authors, a few lapsus calamorum and some incorrect names ascribed to Schulze by other workers are discussed. Two genera (Cosmiomma and Nosomma) are valid, but most of Schulze’s subgenera are difficult to assess because of the current disarray that prevails at this classificatory level in the Ixodidae. Thirty-six of 150 species names discussed by Schulze are considered valid herein (3 species of Amblyomma, 1 Bothriocroton, 1 Cosmiomma, 6 Dermacentor, 4 Haemaphysalis, 5 Hyalomma, 13 Ixodes, 1 Nosomma and 2 Rhipicephalus), while 28 are valid species epithets that are currently assigned to different genera (e.g., Acarus undatus was formerly classified in the genus Aponomma but is currently known as Bothriocroton undatum). Twenty-nine of these valid species names were authored by Schulze or Schulze & Schlottke. The remaining species names are mostly synonyms or names that are incertae sedis, nomen nudum or lapsus calamorum. The 150 subspecific names are treated as synonyms of valid species or as nomina nuda, nomina dubia, incertae sedis or lapsus calamorum. Many names used by Schulze have been synonymized based on sound systematic research, but the justification for synonymizing other names is occasionally weak. It will be important to take these names into account if, as has already happened, future molecular and morphological studies result in the reinstatement of Schulze names currently considered synonyms. This situation has particular relevance for Amblyomma geoemydae, the Amblyomma marmoreum species complex, Amblyomma testudinarium, Oriental species of Dermacentor, Hyalomma in general, Ixodes arboricola, Ixodes canisuga, Ixodes lividus, Ixodes trianguliceps and Ixodes uriae. In conclusion, the prolific contributions of Paul Schulze have their weak points —the many species and subspecies of Hyalomma described by him are unjustified as is the alleged worldwide distribution of the former genus Aponomma—but his perception of the complexity of the genus Dermacentor (under Indocentor) in the Oriental and Australasian Zoogeographic Regions, as well as his understanding of tick biodiversity in these regions constitute seminal scientific achievements. 

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