The type series of Pseudopaludicola ternetzi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937 (Anura, Leiuperidae) with designation of a lectotype

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3051 (1) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
ULISSES CARAMASCHI ◽  
JOSÉ P. POMBAL JR.
Keyword(s):  
Type Specimen ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Female Specimen ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Type Series ◽  
Males And Females

The genus Pseudopaludicola was erected by Miranda-Ribeiro (1926) to accomodate one species, P. falcipes (Hensel, 1867). Posteriorly, he added a second species to the genus, P. ternetzi, based on an undefined number of specimens, but surely involving males and females (Miranda-Ribeiro 1937). After a relatively detailed description and figures of a male and a female specimen, he particularly standed out one female specimen as coming from “Goyaz (Dr. Ternetz). Passa-Tres”. Paulo Miranda-Ribeiro (1955), in his survey on the types of the species described by his father, cited P. ternetzi, but he did not define a type specimen for the species. Notwithstanding, Frost (2011) referred to purportedly “Syntypes: MNRJ (2 specimens); MNRJ 488, considered holotype by Miranda-Ribeiro, 1955”, but this latter is actually the holotype of Barycholos ternetzi (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937) (see Caramaschi & Pombal 2001). The type locality was cited by Frost (2011) only as “Goyaz [= Goiás]”, following P. Miranda-Ribeiro (1955), but adding that it was “restricted to ‘Passa Três, Goiás’ by Bokermann (1966). Actually, Bokermann (1966)”, besides incorrectly having synonymized the species with Pseudopaludicola ameghini (Cope, 1887) (see Lobo 1994), just referred, as type locality for the species, without comments, the only locality cited by Miranda-Ribeiro (1937) for one specimen examined by him. Given that for ongoing taxonomic revisions it is important to precisely identify all name-bearing type specimens in this genus, we examined the type series of P. ternetzi. Herein we designate a lectotype and list the paralectotypes for the species, thereby restricting and defining its type locality.

On a new synonymy in the spider genus Nephila Leach, 1815 (Araneidae, Nephilinae) from India with supplementary notes on colour polymorphism in the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4786 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-596
Author(s):  
PRADEEP M. SANKARAN ◽  
JOHN T.D. CALEB ◽  
MATHEW M. JOSEPH ◽  
POTHALIL A. SEBASTIAN
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Colour Polymorphism ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Female Specimen ◽  
Single Female ◽  
Indian Populations ◽  
Close Resemblance ◽  
Colour Morphs ◽  
New Synonymy

The golden orb-weaving spider genus Nephila Leach, 1815 currently has four representatives in India: Nephila dirangensis Biswas & Biswas, 2006, Nephila kuhlii (Doleschall, 1859), Nephila pilipes (Fabricius, 1793) and Nephila robusta Tikader, 1962 (World Spider Catalog 2020). While N. kuhlii has its type locality in Java (Doleschall 1859) and that of N. pilipes in Australasia (Fabricius 1781), N. dirangensis and N. robusta are both confined to India (World Spider Catalog 2020). Tikader (1962) described the species N. robusta based on a single female specimen collected in West Bengal. The original genitalic illustrations of this species, however, show close resemblance to that of N. pilipes, indicating its possible synonymy with the latter. To confirm the novelty of N. robusta, we examined its type specimen and the result is presented below. Additionally, we discuss the occurrence of colour morphs in the Indian populations of N. pilipes.  

Primary types of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Vesperidae and Disteniidae) of Southwest University (SWU)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4718 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46
Author(s):  
ZHU LI ◽  
LI CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Type Specimen ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Longhorned Beetles

The primary types of longhorned beetles of Southwest University (SWU) are catalogued and figured. The original combination, current name, type locality, date and collector of type specimen are verified and presented. There are 69 holotypes and 86 paratypes in SWU. These 155 type specimens belong to three families, 51 genera, 71 species, of which 8 are in Disteniidae, 3 in Vesperidae, 3 in Prioninae, 12 in Lepturinae, 15 in Cerambycinae, and 30 in Lamiinae. A new synonym is proposed: Paraleprodera insidiosa (Gahan, 1888) = Paraleprodera bimaculata Wang & Chiang, 2000 syn. nov. 

Importance of genetic data in resolving cryptic species: A century old problem of understanding the distribution of Minervarya syhadrensis Annandale 1919, (Anura: Dicroglossidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4869 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-492
Author(s):  
SAMADHAN PHUGE ◽  
AJINKYA BHARATRAJ PATIL ◽  
RADHAKRISHNA PANDIT ◽  
NIRMAL U KULKARNI ◽  
B.H. CHENNAKESHAVAMURTHY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Specimens

Frogs of the genus Minervarya are cryptic and widely distributed in South Asia. However, many of them lack information about the precise type locality, genetic data, and distribution range. The present study aimed to examine the genetic affinities of a widely distributed species Minervarya syhadrensis around its type locality in the northern Western Ghats (Pune, Maharashtra). We studied the type specimen of M. syhadrensis and collected similar sized Minervarya frogs from Pune district. In the field, we observed two different calls from morphologically similar (M. syhadrensis like) males suggesting the sympatric occurrence of two cryptic species (that we initially named Minervarya species A and Minervarya species B). We analyzed morphology, call pattern, and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequence of both species. Minervarya species A has a long call with a low pulse repetition rate and higher dominant frequency compared to that of the Minervarya species B. These species cannot be differentiated based on morphometric data. However, they can be sorted out using morphological characters such as the presence of longitudinal skin folds on the dorsal side (Minervarya species A) and differences in foot webbing. DNA sequences of Minervarya species A and Minervarya species B are matching with those of M. caperata and M. agricola respectively. After studying the type specimens of M. syhadrensis and M. caperata, we found morphological similarities (longitudinal skin folds) with the samples of Minervarya species A collected during the present study. Based on the results of our study (morphology and genetic) and available literature, we propose to redefine M. syhadrensis as applying to the lineage initially named Minervarya species A, and to treat the species M. caperata as a junior synonym of M. syhadrensis. Our study will be helpful in further taxonomic revision of the genus, and provides natural history information for M. syhadrensis and M. agricola.  

Agathidium mexicanum Hendrichs, 1979: Types rediscovered

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4731 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-296
Author(s):  
JOSÉ L. NAVARRETE-HEREDIA ◽  
LILIANA P. SANDOVAL ◽  
SANTIAGO ZARAGOZA-CABALLERO
Keyword(s):  
Original Description ◽  
Chemical Engineer ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Type Series ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Mexican Species ◽  
Holotype Male

Agathidium mexicanum Hendrichs, 1979: 106 is the single Mexican species of Leiodidae described by a Mexican entomologist: Chemical Engineer Jorge Hendrichs. As an amateur coleopterist he made a beetle collection of 18,400 specimens, adequately labeled by his wife and daughter. Most of the specimens are now in the entomological collection of the Instituto de Biología, UNAM. He published 12 papers, one of them devoted to the description of one leiodid species: Agathidium mexicanum Hendrichs, 1979. Type specimens of A. mexicanum were collected in Estado de Mexico and Distrito Federal (now Ciudad de México) localities (type locality: Cerro Tlaloc, Estado de México). The type series as described in the original description was constituted by 13 specimens: Holotype (male), allotype (female) and, 11 paratypes (6 males and 5 females). For specific details, data of the material examined is fully included (Hendrichs 1979: 110): 

Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) originally described from French Guiana

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4747 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-377
Author(s):  
STANISLAS TALAGA ◽  
JEAN-CHARLES GANTIER ◽  
ROMAIN GIROD
Keyword(s):  
French Guiana ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Type Series ◽  
Current Location ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
Series Type

Examination of type specimens and topotypic material is often a necessary step to ascertain the validity of a species. Consequently, solid knowledge about type series, type locality and type depository is critical. In this paper, we provide a thorough review of the mosquito species originally described from specimens collected in French Guiana, with specific emphasis on the location of the current depositories of type material, the composition of type series and the delimitation of type localities. Information already published about the mosquito type material from French Guiana was gathered and efforts were made to ascertain the current location of their depositories. This investigation made it possible to locate a large part of the existing type material and to provide corrected information on type series and type localities, therefore providing a strong basis for future taxonomic research on mosquitoes. The type locality of Culex (Culex) pseudojanthinosoma Senevet & Abonnenc is corrected from French Guiana to Africa, and this species is synonymized with Culex (Culex) duttoni Theobald. 

scholarly journals Reassessment of the Species in the Euwallacea Fornicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Complex after the Rediscovery of the “Lost” Type Specimen

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Smith ◽  
Demian F. Gomez ◽  
Roger A. Beaver ◽  
Jiri Hulcr ◽  
Anthony I. Cognato
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Type Series ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The World ◽  
Taxonomic Changes

Ambrosia beetles of the Euwallacea fornicatus (Eichhoff, 1868) species complex are emerging tree pests, responsible for significant damage to orchards and ecosystems around the world. The species complex comprises seven described species, all of which are nearly identical. Given that the morphology-defined species boundaries have been ambiguous, historically, there has been much disagreement on species validity, which was compounded by the presumed loss of the type series of E. fornicatus. The species complex was recently reviewed using morphometrics to associate the type specimens to the clades delineated with molecular data under the assumption of the lost type series. We rediscovered a syntype of Xyleborus fornicatus, and reevaluated the species in the complex using morphometrics. We propose the following taxonomic changes to the species complex: Euwallacea fornicatus (=E. tapatapaoensis (Schedl, 1951); = E. whitfordiodendrus (Schedl, 1942)) syn. res.); E. fornicatior (Eggers, 1923) (=E. schultzei (Schedl, 1951) syn. nov.); E. kuroshio (Gomez and Hulcr, 2018) and E. perbrevis (Schedl, 1951) stat. res. These taxonomic changes shift the species name associated with the widely used common names for two taxa, namely: Euwallacea fornicatus should be used for the “Polyphagous Shot Hole Borer”, and E. perbrevis for the “Tea Shot Hole Borer clade a”. A lectotype is designated for X. fornicatus in order to stabilize the use of the name.

An annotated checklist of mesoplodont whale species (Cetacea, Ziphiidae) discovered during the nineteenth century

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. H. Waller
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Beaked Whale ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Annotated Checklist

Eight species of mesoplodont whales (genus Mesoplodon Gervais, 1850) named during the nineteenth century are based on valid descriptions. A checklist with the original description and type material for each of these species is provided. Additional data given may include type locality and illustrative sources, type material holding institution and type registration number(s). The only type specimen for which a record of external morphology was published relates to the 1803 stranding of Sowerby's beaked whale (Mesoplodon bidens).

On the type locality of the steppe ribbon racer, Psammophis lineolatus (Brandt, 1838) (Serpentes: Lamprophiidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 324 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-272
Author(s):  
I.V. Doronin ◽  
T.N. Dujsebayeva ◽  
K.M. Akhmedenov ◽  
A.G. Bakiev ◽  
K.N. Plakhov
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Zoological Museum ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Original Species ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Made In

The article specifies the type locality of the Steppe Ribbon Racer. The holotype Coluber (Taphrometopon) lineolatus Brandt, 1838 is stored in the reptile collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ZISP No 2042). Literature sources provide different information about the type locality. A mistake has been made in the title of the work with the original species description: the western coast of the sea was indicated instead of the eastern one. The place of capture was indicated as “M. Caspium” (Caspian Sea) on the label and in the reptile inventory book of the Zoological Museum of the Academy of Sciences. The specimen was sent to the museum by G.S. Karelin. The “1842” indicated on the labels and in the inventory book cannot be the year of capture of the type specimen, just as the “1837” indicated by A.M. Nikolsky. In 1837, Karelin was in Saint Petersburg and in 1842 in Siberia. Most likely, 1837 is the year when the collection arrived at the Museum, and 1842 is the year when the information about the specimen was recorded in the inventory book (catalog) of the Zoological Museum of the Academy of Sciences. In our opinion, the holotype was caught in 1932. From Karelin’s travel notes of the expedition to the Caspian Sea in 1832, follows that the snake was recorded in two regions adjacent to the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea – Ungoza Mountain (“Mangyshlak Mountains”) and site of the Western Chink of Ustyurt between Zhamanairakty and Kyzyltas Mountains (inclusive) on the northeast coast of Kaydak Sor (“Misty Mountains”). In our article, Karelin’s route to the northeastern coast of the Caspian Sea in 1832 and photographs of these localities are given. The type locality of Psammophis lineolatus (Brandt, 1838) should be restricted to the Mangystau Region of the Kazakhstan: Ungoza Mountain south of Sarytash Gulf, Mangystau (Mangyshlak) Penninsula (44°26´ N, 51°12´ E).

A new species of smooth-skinned Spinomantis frog (Anura: Mantellidae) from south-eastern Madagascar

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4317 (2) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
MIGUEL VENCES ◽  
JÖRN KÖHLER ◽  
FRANK GLAW
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Reciprocal Monophyly ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Candidate Species

We present molecular evidence for the presence of two species morphologically similar to Spinomantis bertini in Andohahela National Park, south-eastern Madagascar, differing by 5.5−6.3% pairwise DNA sequence divergences in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. One of these was observed at higher elevations of ca. 1650 m above sea level, whereas the other was found at lower elevations of ca. 715 m a.s.l., close to the type locality of S. bertini (Isaka-Ivondro), and in one other location (Andreoky, ca. 1050 a.s.l.). We herein assign these low- to mid-elevation specimens to S. bertini based on their occurrence near the type locality and general agreement in colour pattern with the type specimen of Gephyromantis bertini Guibé, 1947. The high-elevation form is described as Spinomantis beckei sp. nov. based on its molecular divergence and reciprocal monophyly with respect to S. bertini, lower expression of greenish dorsal colour and less distinct frenal stripe. Based on a comparison of published call descriptions for S. bertini and our recordings of S. beckei, we hypothesize that S. bertini has a lower note repetition rate in advertisement calls. Molecular data suggest that the S. bertini species complex is more diverse than previously recognized, with at least two more candidate species identified: S. sp. Ca7 from Ranomafana National Park, and a newly identified candidate species S. sp. Ca12 from Pic d’Ivohibe Special Reserve. 

scholarly journals A non-destructive virtual dissection by micro-CT reveals diagnostic characters in the type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4441 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
JEANNE ROBINSON ◽  
JEREMY GIBSON ◽  
HELBER ADRIÁN ARÉVALO-MALDONADO ◽  
JURATE DE PRINS ◽  
JAMES WINDMILL
Keyword(s):  
Type Specimen ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Primary Type ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Non Destructive

Nearly a century ago, wing venation was introduced in gracillariid taxonomy as a means to diagnose closely related genera and species groups. Recent advances in non-destructive virtual micro-dissections suggest promising approaches with which to revisit the relevance of wing venation characters on historic primary type specimens. Many unique type specimens in Gracillariidae and other microlepidoptera groups preserved in museum collections are in poor condition, and over the course of history have suffered loss or damage to their abdomens. Consequently, genitalia morphology is not available for diagnoses and comparisons. In this paper we emphasize the need to include the type species and type specimens into the broader context of taxonomic studies on micro-moths in general and the family Gracillariidae in particular. The genus Caloptilia has a world-wide distribution and has been the subject of research for more than 200 years, yet the generic boundaries and groupings within the genus are still unresolved due to the lack of a reliable set of taxonomic characters obtained from the primary types. We describe a method of virtual descaling of the fore- and hindwings using the unset micro-moth type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella Fabricius, 1781, in order to demonstrate that the study of historic and fragile type specimens and diagnoses of their internal morphological characters becomes possible by applying new and non-destructive technology. 

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