Stalked jellyfishes (Cnidaria: Staurozoa) of South Africa, with the description of Calvadosia lewisi sp. nov.

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4227 (3) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCÍLIA S. MIRANDA ◽  
GEORGE M. BRANCH ◽  
ALLEN G. COLLINS ◽  
YAYOI M. HIRANO ◽  
ANTONIO C. MARQUES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Benthic Animals

Stalked jellyfishes (Cnidaria: Staurozoa) are cryptic, benthic animals, known mainly from polar and temperate waters of the Northern Hemisphere. We describe a new species, Calvadosia lewisi, from South Africa and review the staurozoan fauna of the region. Three other species are previously known from South Africa: Calvadosia capensis (Carlgren, 1938); Depastromorpha africana Carlgren, 1935; and Lipkea stephensoni Carlgren, 1933, but all of these are known from very few records and have been poorly illustrated and documented to date. We provide brief descriptions and photographic illustrations for each species and a list of local and global geographical records. Two (L. stephensoni and C. lewisi), but possibly three (D. africana), of the four known South African staurozoan species are endemic from South Africa. The new species, images, and extra distributional records presented here greatly improve knowledge of the staurozoan fauna in South Africa and, consequently, of the Southern Hemisphere. 

A New Species of Chaperiopsis (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida) From South Africa

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 933-939
Author(s):  
E. Fernández Pulpeiro ◽  
O. Reverter Gil
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
New South ◽  
Original Material ◽  
African Species ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
A New Species

A new South African species of the genus Chaperiopsis is described from material deposited in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. Chaperiopsis stephensoni is redescribed and figured from the original material.The genus Chaperiopsis Uttley, 1949 is widely distributed in the southern hemisphere. Numerous species of this genus have been described in different works; notable amongst these are the works of Busk (1854, 1884), Kluge (1914), Uttley (1949), Gordon (1984), Hayward & Thorpe (1988), Reverter Gil & Fernández Pulpeiro (1995) and Hayward (1995). Some previous records of Chaperiopsis spp. from South Africa are included in the works of Jullien (1881), Busk (1884), O'Donoghue & De Watteville (1935), O'Donoghue (1957) and Hayward & Cook (1983).

A new species group of the genus Trechosia from the Cape region of South Africa (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1469 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
GERNOT GEGINAT
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Species Group ◽  
The South ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
A New Species

Trechodes intermedia sp. nov. and T. kogelbergensis sp. nov. are described from South Africa. A third species, T. humeralis (Jeannel, 1930) comb.nov. is transferred to Trechosia Jeannel from the genus Cothresia Jeannel. All three species are macropterous, endemic to the South African Cape region, and together represent a new species group of the genus Trechosia. Keys to the species groups of the genus Trechosia and to the species of the new T. intermedia group are provided.

A newPliosaurusspecies (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of Patagonia: new insights on the Tithonian morphological disparity of mandibular symphyseal morphology

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
José P. O’Gorman ◽  
Zulma Gasparini ◽  
Luis A. Spalletti
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Occipital Condyle ◽  
Mandibular Symphysis ◽  
Morphological Disparity ◽  
Vaca Muerta ◽  
Vaca Muerta Formation ◽  
A New Species

AbstractMost species of the genusPliosaurusOwen, 1842 come from the Northern Hemisphere, however, a growing number of new specimens are now available from the Southern Hemisphere. Here, a new species ofPliosaurusis described, the second for the genus from the Southern Hemisphere, collected from the upper Tithonian (Jurassic) levels of the Vaca Muerta Formation, Neuquén Province, Patagonia.Pliosaurus almanzaensisnew species is characterized by two autapomophies: the angular participating in the mandibular symphysis and the occipital condyle without a notochordal pit or several, irregularly arranged grooves. Additionally,P.almanzaensisn. sp. can be differentiated from otherPliosaurusspecies by the following characters: trihedral teeth, nine or more symphyseal alveoli, 15–17 post-symphyseal alveoli, and the parasphenoid without a ventral keel.Pliosaurus almanzaensisn. sp. shows thatPliosaurusspecies with nine or more symphyseal alveoli persisted until the late Tithonian, contrary to previous assumptions that only species with six symphyseal alveoli were present.

Rhynchosia ngwenyii (Phaseoleae, Fabaceae), a new species of Rhynchosia from South Africa

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 468 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
ABDULWAKEEL AYOKUN-NUN AJAO ◽  
THULISILE PRECIOUS JACA ◽  
ANNAH NTSAMAEENG MOTEETEE
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
The Rich ◽  
A New Species

During the examination of the rich collections of the genus, Rhynchosia housed in some South African herbaria (BNRH, NH, PRE), a new and yet to be described species was discovered. The species is similar to R. pauciflora in its erect habit, linear or oblong leaflets, and solitary flowers. The study is based on the examination of herbarium specimens. Measurements were taken from vegetative and reproductive parts. We describe here R. ngwenyii. The new species differs from R. pauciflora by its broader (24–38 mm), linear-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate terminal leaflets that are without conspicuous revolute margins, wing petals that lack sculpturing and shorter peduncles, (25)30–42 mm. It is distributed in KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga Provinces in South Africa. The preliminary conservation status is evaluated as Endangered. A detailed description, illustration, distribution map, and the information on ecology, as well as phenology are also presented.

New Latrunculiidae (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida) from the Agulhas ecoregion of temperate southern Africa

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4896 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOUFIEK SAMAAI ◽  
MICHELLE KELLY ◽  
BENEDICTA NGWAKUM ◽  
ROBYN PAYNE ◽  
PETER R. TESKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Recent Addition ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
A New Species ◽  
African Genus

Sixteen species of Latrunculiidae Topsent, 1922, belonging to the genera Latrunculia du Bocage, 1869, Strongylodesma Lévi, 1969, Cyclacanthia Samaai & Kelly, 2004, Samaai & Kelly, 2002, are currently known from the temperate waters of South Africa. Extensive new sponge collections from the Amathole region of South Africa revealed the existence of three new species of Tsitsikamma, T. amatholensis sp. nov., T. madiba sp. nov., and T. beukesi sp. nov., and a new species of the endemic South African genus Cyclacanthia, C. rethahofmeyri sp. nov. With the recent addition of two new species of Tsitsikamma from Algoa Bay and Tsitsikamma National Park (T. michaeli Parker-Nance, 2019; T. nguni Parker-Nance, 2019) the total number of known South African Latrunculiidae is now 20 species in four genera. Here we propose two new subgenera of Tsitsikamma, Tsitsikamma Samaai & Kelly, 2002 and Clavicaulis subgen. nov., based on the morphological groups “favus” and “pedunculata” hypothesized by Parker-Nance et al. (2019). Species in the nominotypical subgenus Tsitsikamma, containing the type species, are thick encrusting to hemispherical with a rigid honeycombed choanosome, while species in the new subgenus Clavicaulis subgen. nov. have a purse or sac-like morphology with little choanosomal structure. Despite the obvious species-level differences in morphology, multivariate analysis based on spicule measurements (anisostyle length, discorhabd length, shaft and whorl length) was not able to distinguish between the proposed Tsitsikamma species, but separated known species T. favus Samaai & Kelly, 2002, T. pedunculata Samaai & Kelly, 2003, and T. scurra Samaai & Kelly, 2003, from each other. Similarly, DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial COI  and the nuclear ITS of Tsitsikamma specimens failed to clearly differentiate between species, but was able to differentiate sister taxon relationships within the Latrunculiidae. 

Paradiplozoon ichthyoxanthon n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) from Labeobarbus aeneus (Cyprinidae) in the Vaal River, South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Avenant-Oldewage ◽  
L.E. le Roux ◽  
S.N. Mashego ◽  
B. Jansen van Vuuren
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
Vaal River ◽  
Vaal Dam ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new species, Paradiplozoon ichthyoxanthon (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) is described from the gills of Labeobarbus aeneus (Cyprinidae) in the Vaal Dam and Vaal River Barrage in the Vaal River, South Africa. This species is the first in this genus from southern Africa; Paradiplozoon aegtyptense and Paradiplozoon ghanense have been described from northern Africa. The new species differs from all other Paradiplozoon species on the basis of the combination of morphological characteristics, namely disk-like haptor, eggs without filaments, clamp and central hook morphology and size of specimens. The species description is accompanied by a description of the reproductive organs. The internal transcribed spacer of the ribosomal gene (ITS2) was studied and the South African individuals formed a distinct clade, supporting the establishment of a new species.

A new species of Opisthopatus Purcell, 1899 (Onychophora: Peripatopsidae) from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1039 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
HILKE RUHBERG ◽  
MICHELLE L. HAMER
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Stochastic Events ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Small Forest

The South African Peripatopsidae comprise two genera: Peripatopsis Pocock, 1894 (eight described species) and Opisthopatus Purcell, 1899 (two described species, and three subspecies currently debated). Recent collecting in South Africa produced a new and unusual onychophoran, Opisthopatus herbertorum sp. nov., from Mt. Currie Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal. The new species is characterised by 17 pairs of legs, 15 complete dorsal plical folds per body segment, a lack of body-pigmentation, and reduced eyes. A key to the three species of Opisthopatus is provided. Other species of white onychophorans have been identified in South Africa, Australia and Jamaica; some of these species are cave-dwellers. The discovery of O. herbertorum sp. nov. from a small, isolated forest patch means that this species may be threatened with extinction, mainly through fire or other stochastic events. The habitat contains species of myriapods typical of forests, which suggests that the fauna is relictual, and that small forest patches have high conservation value. The discovery of the new species also highlights the lack of knowledge about forest invertebrates in South Africa, and raises the possibility of a far greater onychophoran diversity in the country.

Lichenicolous ascomycetes onSiphula-like lichens, with a key to the species

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-73
Author(s):  
Jurga MOTIEJŪNAITĖ ◽  
Mikhail P. ZHURBENKO ◽  
Ave SUIJA ◽  
Gintaras KANTVILAS
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
New Species ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Lichenicolous Fungi ◽  
Species Being

AbstractSixteen species of lichenicolous fungi are documented fromSiphula-like lichens. Two new genera based on new species are introduced.AmylogallaSuija, Motiej. & Kantvilas, characterized by I+ blue, K/I+ violet vegetative hyphae and ascomatal wall, immersed, cleistohymenial, yellowish to orange ascomata, unitunicate, non-amyloid, 8-spored asci and hyaline, ellipsoid, aseptate ascospores, is described fromParasiphulain Tasmania.SaaniaZhurb., characterized by superficial, stromatic, multilocular ascomata, non-amyloid hymenial gel, persistent periphysoids, bitunicate, non-amyloid, 4(–8)-spored asci and narrowly obovate to ellipsoid, 1(–3)-septate, initially hyaline and smooth-walled, later sometimes brown and verruculose ascospores, is described fromSiphulain South Africa. Four additional species are described as new: two fromSiphula(Cercidospora santessoniiMotiej., Zhurb., Suija & Kantvilas andStigmidium kashiwadaniiZhurb.) and two fromParasiphula(Endococcus hafellnerianusMotiej., Suija & Kantvilas andPyrenidium macrosporumMotiej., Zhurb., Suija & Kantvilas). Additional hosts and/or expanded geographical ranges are reported forAabaarnia siphulicola,Epigloea soleiformis, Plectocarpon gayanumandPyrenidium actinellum. The Southern Hemisphere is the centre of species richness for siphulicolous fungi, with 12 species restricted to this region. Taxa recorded for the Northern Hemisphere areSphaerellothecium siphulae(arctic and boreal) and the subcosmopolitanEpigloea soleiformisandPyrenidium actinellum, both of which are also known from various lichen hosts. The distribution of siphulicolous fungi strongly underpins the current generic classification ofSiphula-like lichens, with five species being confined exclusively toParasiphulaand nine toSiphula. A key to the taxa occurring onSiphulaandParasiphulais provided.

Studies in the Lichen Family Pannariaceae VII. on Some Poorly Known Parmeliella-Like Species from the Southern Hemisphere

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-541
Author(s):  
Per M. Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Iodine Reaction

AbstractTwo Parmeliella-like lichen species are described as new: Santessoniella pulchella, known from warm temperate parts of eastern Australia and northern New Zealand, and Siphulastrum squamosum, a relatively common species on stumps ofNothofagus in southern Chile. Both differ from Parmeliella s. str. in the hemiamyloid, finally red-brown hymenial iodine reaction and the apical structures of the asci, as well as in thallus details (anatomy and chemistry). Parmeliella major Darb. is a synonym of P. thysanota (Sirt.) Zahlbr., which thus proves to be a circumpolar species in the Southern Hemisphere, though not yet discovered in South Africa. A new species, Parmeliella lacerate, is described from the Republic of South Africa, and related to Parmeliella chilensis (Hue) P. M. Jørg., comb. nov.

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