Steinernema apuliae sp. n. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae): a new entomopathogenic nematode from southern Italy

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 460 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ORESTE TRIGGIANI ◽  
ZDENEK MRÁ»EK ◽  
ALEX REID
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Its Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
H 41

Steinernema apuliae sp. n. has been found in soil samples collected along a saltpan border habitat in southern Italy characterized by a salted silt soil. This species belongs to the long-IJ nematode group represented by Steinernema glaseri (Steiner, 1929) and Steinernema arenarium (Artyukhovsky, 1967) among others. However, it differs from these taxa in some morphometric values such as V%, H%. Females possess asymmetrical, oblique slit vulva, slant vagina and small flap in the vulval opening. These characteristics are more distinct in second generation females which is different from most other steinernematids; the vulva position is behind the mid-body about 57% to 61% of the body length. First-generation females have a conical-like tip bearing 2 to 3 papilla-like protuberances. Male mucron is absent in both generations. Lightly brown spicules have bluntly pointed tip and elongated manubrium. Third-stage infective juveniles are on average over 1000 m long; the position of the excretory pore is posterior (D% 66) and the hyaline layer is less than half the tail length (H% 41 42). Lateral fields are formed by 8 equally distributed ridges. S. apuliae differs from S. glaseri and S. arenarium and is separated by PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS region. There were no positive cross-breedings among these species.

Steinernema taiwanensis n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Taiwan

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4434 (3) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHING-TZU TSENG ◽  
ROGER F. HOU ◽  
LI-CHENG TANG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Blade Tip

A new isolate of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema taiwanensis n. sp., was isolated from soil in Pingtung County, Taiwan. This new species could be characterized and distinguished from other related species by its morphological characters, morphometrics, and phylogenetic analysis. The body length and distance from anterior end to nerve ring of infective juveniles is 1012 (983–1045) µm and 124 (120–127) µm, lateral field formula 2, 6, 7, 8, 2, and the tail length 90 (79–96) µm without dorsal constriction in tail region. The first generation males of S. taiwanensis n. sp. are characterized by spicule shape, smooth blade tip, 23 genital papillae (11 pairs and 1 single papilla), spicule length of 94 (89–99) µm and gubernaculum length of 68 (65–70) µm. Females from the first generation of S. taiwanensis n. sp. have no epiptygmata and a slightly developed post-anal swelling. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS and D2D3 regions of rDNA showed that S. taiwanensis n. sp. belongs to the Longicaudum-clade and comprises a monophyletic group with S. guangdongense and S. longicaudum. The new isolate is described as a novel species according to morphological and phylogenetic analyses. 

scholarly journals Steinernema pui sp. n. (Rhabditida, Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Yunnan, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2767 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIHONG QIU ◽  
JINGXIU ZHAO ◽  
ZHONGDAO WU ◽  
ZHIYUE LV ◽  
YI PANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Short Needle

A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, herein described as Steinernema pui sp. n. was recovered from a soil sample collected from Xiao-jie town, Jing-hong city, Xi-shuang-ban-na district in Yunnan province, the People’s Republic of China in December 2002. Both morphological and molecular evidence show congruently that S. pui sp. n. belongs to the S. glaseri group. It can be separated from all described Steinernema species by a combination of morphological and morphometrical characters of adult and juvenile stages, including spicule and gubernaculum shape of the first generation males (spicule bearing an aperture on the tip and an irregular-shaped concave on ventral side of the lamina close to the tip; gubernaculum with a short needle-shaped cuneus); the tail and vulva shape of the first generation females (tail conoid and pointed with a mucron; vulva with a short double flapped epiptygma) and the body and tail length, distance from anterior end to excretory pore and to the base of pharynx of infective juveniles. The new species can also be distinguished from other Steinernema species by DNA sequences of either a partial 28S rDNA or the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA, and from the closely related species S. longicaudum and S. guangdongense by cross-breeding tests.

Steinernema scarabaei n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a natural pathogen of scarab beetle larvae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from New Jersey, USA

Nematology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Koppenhöfer ◽  
S. Patricia Stock
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Infective Juvenile ◽  
Popillia Japonica ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Lateral Field

AbstractSteinernema scarabaei n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) is a new entomopathogenic nematode isolated from larvae of the scarab beetles Anomala(= Exomala)orientalis and Popillia japonica from turfgrass in New Jersey, USA. Morphology, hybridisation and molecular studies indicated the distinctness of S. scarabaei n. sp. from other Steinernema spp. Distinctive diagnostic characters include: the presence of a mucronated tail in both first generation adults; the presence of a ventrally bifurcated mucro in the first generation female tail; the size and shape of the spicules and gubernaculum and the arrangement of the genital papillae of the male; third-stage infective juvenile with total body length of 890-959 μm and lateral field with eight longitudinal ridges. RFLP analysis of the ITS region of rDNA showed S. scarabaei n. sp. to be distinct from 50 other Steinernema species and isolates. In addition, phylogenetic interpretation of sequence data from the LSU of rDNA provided further evidence for autapomorphies and separate species status for S. scarabaei n. sp.

Intraspecific variation in RFLP patterns and morphological studies on Steinernema feltiae and S. kraussei (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) from Hokkaido, Japan

Nematology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutsuhiro Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Its Region ◽  
First Record ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Biological Insecticide ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
The Uk

AbstractSteinernema feltiae and S. kraussei were isolated from Hokkaido, Japan. This is the first record of S. kraussei and the first definitive record of S. feltiae from Japan. The morphological variation of the infective juveniles and the first generation males of Japanese isolates of both species are reported. Intraspecific variation in the PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS region of ribosomal DNA was observed in both species. The Japanese isolates of S. feltiae showed different RFLP patterns from European isolates with Dde I and Hinf I restriction digests. The Japanese isolate of S. kraussei also showed an RFLP variation from the UK and Russian isolates upon Dde I restriction digestion. Moreover, in each isolate of S. kraussei, some intra-population variations were observed with some restriction digestions. The intraspecific variation in the ITS region of the rDNA could be used as a molecular marker to distinguish the Japanese isolates from European isolates of S. feltiae if the latter was introduced as a biological insecticide.

Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Georgia

Nematology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 653-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gorgadze ◽  
Elena Fanelli ◽  
Manana Lortkhipanidze ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Medea Burjanadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
A New Species

Summary A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema borjomiense n. sp., was isolated from the body of the host insect, Oryctes nasicornis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in Georgia, in the territory of Borjomi-Kharagauli. Morphological characters indicate that the new species is closely related to species of the feltiae-group. The infective juveniles are characterised by the following morphological characters: body length of 879 (777-989) μm, distance between the head and excretory pore = 72 (62-80) μm, pharynx length = 132 (122-142) μm, tail length = 70 (60-80) μm, ratio a = 26.3 (23.0-29.3), H% = 45 (40-51), D% = 54 (47-59), E% = 102 (95-115), and lateral fields consisting of seven ridges (eight incisures) at mid-body. Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. was molecularly characterised by sequencing three ribosomal regions (the ITS, the D2-D3 expansion domains and the 18S rRNA gene) and the mitochondrial COI gene. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that S. borjomiense n. sp. differs from all other known species of Steinernema and is a member of the monticolum-group.

A new entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema xinbinense n. sp. (Nematoda: Steinernematidae), from north China

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ma ◽  
Juan Ma ◽  
Shulong Chen ◽  
Juan Ma ◽  
Shulong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Lateral Field

During a survey for entomopathogenic nematodes in northern China, a new species of Steinernema was isolated from soil samples collected from Xinbin county, Liaoning province. This nematode was obtained by the insect-baiting technique using last instar larvae of Galleria mellonella. It is described herein as S. xinbinense n. sp. The nematode can be separated from other described species of the group by morphological and morphometric characteristics of the different stages and by characterisation and phylogeny of DNA sequences of the D2D3 domain of the LSU or ITS regions of rDNA. This new species is characterised by the following morphological characters: infective third-stage juvenile with a body length of 694 (635-744) μm, distance from head to excretory pore of 51 (46-53) μm, tail length of 73 (61-81) μm, E = 71 (65-78)%, presence of eight unevenly spaced and developed ridges in middle lateral field (i.e., nine lines). First generation male with well curved, yellowish spicules 56 (49-62) μm long and gubernaculum 35 (30-41) μm long, small mucron mostly present, first generation female with protruding vulva, tail conical with one or two small mucrons and D = 45 (41-50)%. Cross hybridisation tests with S. tielingense, S. kraussei, S. feltiae and S. hebeiense showed that this species was reproductively isolated. The analyses of ITS-rDNA and D2D3 sequence confirm that the studied nematode isolate is a valid new species belonging to the ‘feltiae-kraussei-oregonense’ group.

Steinernema citrae n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from South Africa

Nematology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nomakholwa F. Stokwe ◽  
Antoinette P. Malan ◽  
Khuong B. Nguyen ◽  
Rinus Knoetze ◽  
Louwrens Tiedt
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Infective Juvenile ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Citrus Orchards

Abstract During a survey for entomopathogenic nematodes in citrus orchards throughout South Africa, a new species of Steinernema was isolated from a citrus orchard on Rietkloof farm, near the town of Piketberg in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. The nematode was isolated from soil using the Galleria-baiting technique. Steinernema citrae n. sp. is characterised by the following morphological characters: third-stage infective juvenile with a body length of 754 (623-849) μm, distance from head to excretory pore of 56 (49-64) μm, tail length of 71 (63-81) μm, and ratio E value of 110 (85-132). The lateral pattern for the new species is 2, 7, 8, 6, 4, 2 and is not typical for the genus. Steinernema citrae n. sp. is closely related the feltiae-group. The body length of the IJ is close to that of S. texanum and S. weiseri, though it differs in body diam., the length of the pharynx and E%. The male of S. citrae n. sp. differs from S. feltiae in the length and shape of the spicule and body diam. Steinernema citrae n. sp. differs from all species in the feltiae-group in the morphology of the vulva, as it has a single flapped, low, epiptygma. It also differs from the most closely related species, S. feltiae, as there is no interbreeding between the two species. In addition, the new nematode differs from other species of the feltiae-group by characteristics of the ITS and D2D3 regions of its rDNA.

Characterization of Dryas octopetala ectomycorrhizas from limestone karst vegetation, western Ireland

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 970-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J Harrington ◽  
Derek T Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Cenococcum Geophilum ◽  
Dryas Octopetala ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Provisional Identification ◽  
Western Ireland

The principal ectomycorrhizas of Dryas octopetala L. from a treeless grass-heath in the Burren, western Ireland, were characterized using morphotyping and molecular methods (PCR-RFLP analysis of ITS-rDNA and sequencing of the ITS region). Twenty-one distinct morphotypes are described. Six of these (Cortinarius atrovirens Kalchbr., Cortinarius caesiocanescens (Mos.) Kühn. & Romagn., Cortinarius calochrous (Mos.) Nezd., Cortinarius odorifer Britz., Cortinarius mussivus Fr., and Tricholoma myomyces (Scop.) Quél.) were distinguished by tracing rhizomorph connections between mycorrhizas and basidiomes. The ectomycorrhizas of Cenococcum geophilum Fr., Craterellus lutescens (Pers.:Fr.) Fr., and Hebeloma sinapizans (Paulet:Fr.) Gill were identified based on molecular and morphological evidence. The ectomycorrhizas of Cortinarius brunneus (Pers.:Fr.) Fr., Cortinarius infractus (Pers.:Fr.) Fr., Hydnum repandum L., and Hebeloma circinans Quél. were distinguished provisionally, because they were consistently found in soil core samples containing basidiomes of a particular fungal species. The provisional identification of Lactarius sanguifluus (Paulet) Fr., and Russula delica Fr. ectomycorrhizas was also based on anatomical evidence, particularly the presence of lacticifers and cystidia, respectively. Six morphotypes could not be assigned to a specific fungal taxon and, therefore, were named "Dryadirhiza" + a characterizing epithet (D. aerea, D. cerina, D. fulgens, D. nigra, D. rugosa, and D. truncata). It is concluded that Dryas octopetala forms ectomycorrhizal associations in the Burren with woodland fungal species.Key words: ectomycorrhizas, Dryas octopetala, morphotyping, ITS-RFLP, mountain avens.

Steinernema ethiopiense sp. n. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Ethiopia

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tewodros Tamiru ◽  
Tewodros Tamiru ◽  
Lieven Waeyenberge ◽  
Tewodros Tamiru ◽  
Lieven Waeyenberge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Tail Tip

Three isolates (Dero-1, Dero-8 and Mosisa-1) of a new entomopathogenic nematode, S. ethiopiense sp. n., were isolated by baiting soil samples from the Mendi area, Western Wollega, Ethiopia, with last instar wax moth larvae Galleria mellonella. Infective juveniles of S. ethiopiense sp. n. have a body length of 898 (768-1010) μm, a maximum of eight identical ridges (i.e., nine lines) in the lateral field, excretory pore located at mid-pharynx, hyaline layer occupying approximately half of the tail and c′ = 3.2. First generation males lack a caudal mucron, whereas second generation males possess a short spine-like mucron. The spicules are slightly arcuate, golden-brown in colour and have an ellipsoid or oblong manubrium. First generation females lack a postanal swelling and have a minute protuberance on the tail tip whereas second generation females have a postanal swelling and protruding vulva. Based on the morphology, morphometrics and DNA analysis, the new species belongs to the glaseri group. The closest relative species is the afro-tropical S. karii recorded from Kenya. The BLAST analysis of the ITS region of the rDNA revealed a similarity of 93% with S. karii, supporting the validity of S. ethiopiense sp. n. as a new species. In the phylogenetic trees the new species groups together only with S. karii (bootstrap value of 100%), but is also separated from S. karii by a bootstrap value of 100% or 70%.

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