Nemotelus flavipes De Geer, 1776 recognized as a nomen oblitum and synonym of Pandivirilia eximia (Meigen, 1820) (Diptera: Therevidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 626 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
KEVIN C. HOLSTON
Keyword(s):  
Original Description ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code

An overlooked De Geer name, Nemotelus flavipes De Geer, 1776 has been identified as synonymous with Pandivirilia eximia (Meigen, 1820), a name in use for a species of stiletto fly (Diptera: Therevidae). The type specimen has been lost, and this synonymy is based on the original description and associated figures provided by De Geer. Nemotelus flavipes De Geer, 1776, is a nomen oblitum and Thereva eximia Meigen, 1820 is a herein recognized as a nomen protectum in accordance with Article 23.9.2 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, which maintains prevailing name usage for the species Pandivirilia eximia (Meigen, 1820).

scholarly journals On the live holotype of the Galápagos pink land Iguana, Conolophus marthae Gentile & Snell, 2009 (Squamata: Iguanidae): is it an acceptable exception?

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2201 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ NEMÉSIO
Keyword(s):  
Type Specimen ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Passive Integrated Transponder ◽  
Species Being

The Galápagos pink land iguana, Conolophus marthae Gentile & Snell, 2009 (Squamata: Iguanidae) is the latest example of a species being described without the proper deposition of a preserved onomatophore (name-bearing type specimen) in a taxonomic collection. Differently from other recent similar descriptions, the holotype of Conolophus marthae was marked with a Passive Integrated Transponder, allegedly allowing it to be tracked and found after its death, when it would be deposited at the Governmental Galápagos collection. Although apparently fulfilling the criteria of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, I here argue that this practice should not be followed and that the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature should urgently act to standardize criteria that should be met by those describing species found at the brink of extinction.

New Species and New Records of Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from India

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4801 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-600
Author(s):  
SIMARJIT KAUR ◽  
DEEPTI GARIMA ◽  
MANPREET SINGH PANDHER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
International Code ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute

In the publication by Kaur et al. (2020), the depository for the holotype of Chimarra gangtokensis new species was given as “(NPC)”, but no corresponding explanation for this acronym was provided in that publication. Therefore, the name of the species is unavailable (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature 1999, Art. 16.4.2). We clarify here that the holotype is a male deposited in the National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi (NPC). The purpose of this note is to validate the name of the new species from the publication date of this erratum by a reference to the original description and diagnosis as an indication (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature 1999, Art. 13.1.2). 

Notes on the original description of the maned three-toed sloth, Bradypus torquatus (Mammalia, Pilosa, Bradypodidae), by Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger in 1811

Bionomina ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus LAMBERTZ
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
International Code ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Formal Description ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
International Union ◽  
Potential Description

The maned three-toed sloth, Bradypus torquatus (Mammalia, Pilosa, Bradypodidae), is an endemic species inhabiting the Mata Atlântica in southeastern Brazil (Hayssen 2009) and according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature is classified as vulnerable (Chiarello & Moares-Barros 2011). This species was described in the classic early account of mammalian classification (Illiger 1811) by Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger (1775–1813), who mainly is well known rather for his entomological contributions (Heß 1881). However, this was not accepted by all subsequent authors, because it was claimed that the putative description of B. torquatus by Illiger represents a nomen nudum (see discussions in Gardner 2005, 2007). The first one who questioned the validity of this nomenclatural act was Thomas (1917: 352), who in turn rather attributed it to Desmarest (1816) (ex errore as “1817”). The main reason for this conception was that the original publication of this nomen by Illiger apparently was not accompanied by a diagnosis (Figure 1A), which according to Article 12.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (“the Code”, Anonymous 1999) is one of the obligatory criteria for the availability of scientific names. Gardner (2007: 160) on the contrary argued that the “N.” following the potential description of “Br.[adypus] torquatus” in Illiger (1811: p. 109, compare Figure 1A) probably refers to the note (“Nota”) at the end of the same page containing the actual description rather than to something like “novum”. The note, which also extends on page 110, indeed contains a brief diagnosis for this species (Figure 1B), validating it certainly as the formal description.

The taxonomic status of the phytosaurs (Archosauriformes) Machaeroprosopus and Pseudopalatus from the Late Triassic of the western United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 103 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Parker ◽  
Axel Hungerbühler ◽  
Jeffrey W. Martz
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
International Code ◽  
Primary Literature

ABSTRACTThe genus Machaeroprosopus has long been considered invalid because the type specimen of the Late Triassic phytosaur species, M. validus, has been lost. Re-examination of the primary literature regarding the establishment of the Late Triassic phytosaur genus Machaeroprosopus demonstrates that M. buceros is the correct type species, not M. validus. Thus, the genus level name Machaeroprosopus has priority over the genera Pseudopalatus and Arribasuchus and all nominal species should be reassigned. Reassignment of these species to Machaeroprosopus satisfies the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and preserves historical context. The name Pseudopalatinae is retained as the valid clade name for these phytosaurs because its usage falls outside of the ICZN.

New species and subspecies descriptions do not and should not always require a dead type specimen

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1761 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS M. DONEGAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Current Code

Dubois & Nemésio (2007) recently considered that the present International Code for Zoological Nomenclature (“Code”) could reasonably be interpreted as requiring the deposition of dead vouchers for new species and subspecies descriptions. They considered that, to the extent that there is lack of clarity, the Code should be amended so as to require the deposition of a dead voucher. They doubted the utility of photographs and other materials for descriptions and suggested that ethical or moral concerns about the taking of dead type specimens were poorly supported. Dubois & Nemésio (2007)’s preferred interpretations of the current Code are not supported by members of the Commission. Possible reasons why the collection of a dead type specimen might not be necessary or recommended include the setting of a good example to communities in whose hands conservation action lies, government permit issues and the description of new taxa on the brink of extinction where collecting may impact populations. The Code should be liberal in relation to the nature of type specimens to enable taxonomists, who are the persons best placed to take decisions, to make appropriate judgments for particular descriptions.

Redescription and designation of a neotype for Ophiothrix angulata (Say, 1825 (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiotrichidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4344 (2) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALISSON SANTANA ◽  
CYNTHIA L.C. MANSO ◽  
ANA C.S. ALMEIDA ◽  
ORANE F.S. ALVES
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Brittle Stars ◽  
The Family ◽  
Variable Morphology

Ophiotrichidae Ljungman, 1867 comprises brittle stars diagnosed by the absence of oral papillae and presence of a cluster of dental papillae covering at least half the height of the dental plate. Ophiothrix Müller & Troschel, 1840 is the largest genus in the family and is composed of many species with a highly variable morphology. Ophiothrix angulata is one species with descriptions showing morphological variation in many of the diagnostic characters stated by Say (1825) in the original description. Say’s (1825) type material and specimens studied by him could be located. Thus, in order to elucidate the taxonomic identity of O. angulata and following Article 75 of the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature, here we propose the neotype designation of O. angulata based on topotype specimens from South Carolina, United States. A discussion of the records of O. angulata from the Atlantic Ocean is included. Taxonomic comments on the genus Ophiothrix are also provided. 

Long-standing taxonomic confusion over the identity of Hypudaeus syriacus Brants, 1827, at last resolved

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Kryštufek ◽  
Gregory Shenbrot ◽  
Franc Janžekovič
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Chionomys Nivalis ◽  
Taxonomic Confusion

Abstract In this study we address the taxonomic identity of Hypudaeus syriacus, an arvicoline (Arvicolinae) from the Middle East which was described and named by Anton Brants in 1827. Although the type specimen is preserved, an exact conclusion regarding its identity was not achieved until recently. Currently, syriacus is reported as a synonym of Microtus socialis. Our analysis of the M1 occlusal pattern has convincingly demonstrated that the type clusters with the European snow vole Chionomys nivalis and does not match any species of Microtus from the Middle East. H. syriacus predates Arvicola nivalis Martins, 1842, which is in use for the European snow vole and is therefore the oldest available name for the species. Under the provision specified by Article 23.9.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, syriacus is not a forgotten name (nomen oblitum) because several authors writing after 1899 used it as a valid name. Referring to the principle of priority, as stipulated in the Code, the valid name combination for the European snow vole is Chionomys syriacus (Brants, A. (1827). Het geslacht der muizen door Linneaus opgesteld, volgens de tegenswoordige toestand der wettenschap in familien, geslachten en soorten. Akademische Boekdrukkery, Berlyn [Berlin]). We restrict the type locality for syriacus to Mount Sanine in the Mount Lebanon range, northern Lebanon.

Emiliania Sánchez, 1999 is not a homonym of Emiliania Hay and Mohler, 1967

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1226-1226
Author(s):  
Michael Streng
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Botanical Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Eukaryotic Algae ◽  
Modern Classification ◽  
Animal Taxon

In the July issue of Journal of Paleontology, 84(4), Sánchez (2010) proposed the new genus name Emiliodonta for the Ordovician bivalve genus Emiliania Sánchez, 1999 because of assumed homonymy with Emiliania Hay and Mohler, 1967 (in Hay et al., 1967). The supposed senior name, the genus Emiliania Hay and Mohler, belongs to the coccolithophores, a group of unicellular eukaryotic algae, which have traditionally been treated as plants (e.g., Glaessner, 1945; Tappan, 1980; see also Green and Jordan, 1994; Andersen, 2004 for modern classification) and to which the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) applies. In the original description of Emiliania Hay and Molher the ICBN was used (Hay et al., 1967, p. 447) and the name was validly published under its rules. Animals such as the bivalve Emiliania Sánchez, 1999, in contrast, are treated under the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). Both codes are independent (ICBN, Principle I: Greuter et al., 1993, 2000; McNeill et al., 2006; ICZN Article 1: Ride et al., 1985, 1999), and therefore the same names (“homonyms” sensu lato) can coexist under different codes. Consequently, Emiliania Sánchez and Emiliania Hay and Molher are not homonyms in a taxonomic sense but are both legitimate names under the respective code. Furthermore, the name Emiliodonta Sánchez 2010 is superfluous and illegitimate, as “[…] the name of an animal taxon is not to be rejected merely because it is identical with the name of a taxon that is not animal.” (ICZN Article 1.4: Ride et al., 1999).

Anormogomphus kiritshenkoi Bartenev, 1913 (Odonata: Gomphidae): a literature review of the variable spelling of the species epithet, choice of the correct spelling and notes on the type locality of the species

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4370 (4) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
MARTIN SCHORR ◽  
OLEG E. KOSTERIN ◽  
SERGEY N. BORISOV ◽  
MILEN MARINOV
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Correct Spelling

The spelling of the specific name of an Anormogomphus species in its original description by Bartenev (1913) was variable, kiritshenkoi (5 times) vs kiritschenkoi (1 time). Bartenev himself did not mention this species in his further publications. Later authors proceeded to use different spelling versions of this name, including those not in the original paper. According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), the valid spelling should be chosen by the First Reviser. Acting as such, we choose as valid the name spelling Anormogomphus kiritshenkoi Bartenev, 1913, since it predominates in the original description, appears in the species subtitle, and is a proper transliteration from Cyrillic to Latin. It also corresponds to the spelling of his name used by A.N. Kiritshenko himself. Information of the type locality of the species is provided. 

scholarly journals Erratum: PÉTER KÓBOR (2020) An overview of the big-eyed bug fauna of French Polynesia (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa, 4743: 359–370.

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4763 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-600
Author(s):  
PÉTER KÓBOR
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Original Description ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
International Code ◽  
University Of Kansas ◽  
Fourth Edition

In the list of the type material of Germalus ashlocki new species (page 362) the depository of the holotype was omitted by error. As a consequence, the name of the species is unavailable (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Fourth edition, Art. 16.4.2). It is hereby stated that the holotype is a male deposited in the Snow Entomological Museum, University of Kansas (SEMC). The purpose of this note is to validate the name of the new species from the publication date of this erratum by a reference to the original description as indication. 

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