A new Gymnotus (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the Pantanal Matogrossense of Brazil and adjacent drainages: continued documentation of a cryptic fauna

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 933 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
FLORA M.C. FERNANDES ◽  
JAMES S. ALBERT ◽  
MARIA D.F.Z. DANIEL-SILVA ◽  
CARLOS E. LOPES ◽  
WILLIAM G.R. CRAMPTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Neotropical Fishes ◽  
Posterior Lateral Line ◽  
Floating Macrophytes

Here we describe a new species of Gymnotus, G. pantanal n. sp., from the Pantanal Matogrossense of Brazil, using morphological, cytogenetic, and molecular data. Specimens ascribed to the new species are also known from areas downstream in Paraguay, and from the adjacent Guaporé basin of Bolivia. The new species most closely resembles G. anguillaris in possessing an elongate body, slender profile, long body cavity, and shorter head than other congeners. The new species also resembles G. anguillaris in the presence of pale narrow bands restricted to the area below the lateral line on the anterior half of the body. The new taxon differs from G. anguillaris in possessing more narrowly set eyes, a wider and deeper head, a larger branchial opening, longer pectoral fins with more fin rays, and fewer pored posterior lateral-line scales. The new species inhabits rooted grasses and floating macrophytes in small creeks and along the banks of larger blackwater rivers. Populations are found syntoptically with G. inaequilabiatus and G. sylvius. Compared with these species, the new species exhibits a distinct combination of microsatellite DNA amplification patterns, and chromosomal and external features. These results confirm earlier studies showing the power of a multidisciplinary approach to characterizing the enormous and often cryptic diversity of Neotropical fishes.

Inocybe cervenianensis (Agaricales, Inocybaceae), a new species in the I. flavoalbida clade from Italy

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 484 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
FRANCESCO DOVANA ◽  
ENRICO BIZIO ◽  
MATTEO GARBELOTTO ◽  
GIULIANO FERISIN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
A New Species

The authors describe the macro- and microscopic features of Inocybe cervenianensis, a new taxon belonging to the genus Inocybe sensu stricto. The description is illustrated with photographs of the basidiomes in their natural habitat and photographs of the main microscopic features. Molecular data (nrITS and RPB2) support the recognition of this new species.

scholarly journals A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from small coastal drainages in northeastern Brazil, with remarks on the pseudotympanum of some species of the genus

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M. Zanata ◽  
Priscila Camelier
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
The Body ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Horizontal Scale ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Transversal Line ◽  
Lateral Band ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

Characidium samurai, a species of the family Crenuchidae apparently endemic to rio das Almas and rio Vermelho basins, Bahia, Brazil, is described. The new species is readily distinguishable from its congeners, except C. lanei, by having a dark lateral band along the head and body that is particularly broad from the rear of the head to the end of the caudal peduncle (1.5 or 2 scales wide) and by the absence of dark bars or blotches on the ventral half of the body. Characidium samurai differs from C. laneiby having the lateral band with straight borders overall (vs.lateral band with somewhat irregular borders due to blotches extending dorsally or ventrally), anal fin ii,7-8 (vs. ii,6), and 4 horizontal scale rows above the lateral line and 4 below (vs. 5/3). It further differs from congeners by a series of features, including isthmus completely covered by scales, lateral line complete with 34-37 perforated scales, 9 scales on the transversal line, 14 scale rows around the caudal peduncle, anal fin ii,7-8, and the absence of dark bars or spots on the fins, except by a faded dorsal-fin bar. The presence of pseudotympanum in four species of Characidium is discussed.

scholarly journals Morphology of lateral line canals in Neotropical freshwater stingrays (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) from Negro River, Brazilian Amazon

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akemi Shibuya ◽  
Jansen Zuanon ◽  
Maria Lúcia G. de Araújo ◽  
Sho Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Ventral Region ◽  
Negro River ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Posterior Lateral Line ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the distribution of the lateral line canals and their functionality has not been well examined in elasmobranchs, especially among Neotropical freshwater stingrays of the family Potamotrygonidae. The spatial distribution of the canals and their tubules and the quantification of the neuromasts were analyzed in preserved specimens of Potamotrygon motoro, P. orbignyi, Potamotrygon sp. "cururu", and Paratrygon aiereba from the middle Negro River, Amazonas, Brazil. The hyomandibular, infraorbital, posterior lateral line, mandibular, nasal and supraorbital canals were characterized and their pores and neuromasts quantified. The ventral canals are known to facilitate the accurate localization of prey items under the body, and our results indicate that the dorsal canals may be employed in identifying the presence of predators or potential prey positioned above the stingray's body. The presence of non-pored canals in the ventral region may be compensated by the high concentration of neuromasts found in the same area, which possibly allow the accurate detection of mechanical stimuli. The concentration of non-pored canals near the mouth indicates their importance in locating and capturing prey buried in the bottom substrate, possibly aided by the presence of vesicles of Savi.

scholarly journals New species of the genus Leporinus Agassiz (Characiformes: Anostomidae) from the rio Curuá, rio Xingu basin, Serra do Cachimbo, Brazil, with comments on Leporinus reticulatus

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L. O. Birindelli ◽  
Heraldo A. Britski
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dental Formula ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Leporinus Agassiz is described from the rio Curuá, a tributary of the rio Iriri, rio Xingu basin, Serra do Cachimbo, Pará State, Brazil. The new species is diagnosed by the color pattern, which consists of eight to ten midlateral round dark blotches plus 20 to 40 smaller ones scattered over the body, dental formula 3/4, subinferior to inferior mouth, 37 to 38 lateral line scales, 4/3-4 transversal series of scales, and 12 circumpeduncular scale series. The new species most closely resembles L. octomaculatus and L. reticulatus from the upper Tapajós basin, and L. marcgravii and L. microphthalmus from the rio São Francisco and the rio Paranaíba, respectively. Based on recently collected specimens, L. reticulatus is re-diagnosed as having an allometric elongation of the snout.

Lecanicillium subprimulinum (Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales), a novel species from Baoshan, Yunnan

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 348 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIKE HUANG ◽  
SAJEEWA S.N. MAHARACHCHIKUMBURA ◽  
RAJESH JEEWON ◽  
D JAYARAMA BHAT ◽  
RUNGTIWA PHOOKAMSAK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Sexual Morph ◽  
The Family ◽  
Asexual Morphs ◽  
A New Species

In this paper, we report a new asexual-morph taxon belonging to the family Cordycipitaceae (Hypocreales), which is associated with a sexual morph of an ophioceras-like taxon on submerged wood collected from Baoshan, Yunnan, China. Morphologically, this new taxon is similar to known asexual morphs of Lecanicillium and characterized by conidiophores arising from hyaline hyphae, with gregarious, ellipsoid to ovoid, aseptate conidia. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined LSU, SSU, tef1-α and ITS sequence dataset positions our taxon in Cordycipitaceae and close to Lecanicillium sp. (CBS 639.85) and L. primulinum. Lecanicillium subprimulinum is introduced as a new species with support from molecular data.

Spiroplasma burmanica sp. nov. (Spiroplasmataceae: Mollicutes) from a Fossil Plant Louse (Psylloidea: Sternorrhyncha) in mid-Cretaceous Burmese Amber

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
George Poinar
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fossil Plant ◽  
Burmese Amber ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
A New Species

A new species of spiroplasmid, Spiroplasma burmanica sp. nov. (Mollicutes: Entomoplasmatales: Spiroplasmataceae) is described from the body cavity of a fossil plant louse (Psylloidea: Sternorrhyncha) in Burmese amber.  The new species is pleomorphic with body shapes varying from oval to helical.  The majority of the helical cells occur in the head, thorax (including leg cavities) and abdomen of the fossil psyllid.   The association between S. burmanica and the psyllid is considered to be a case of symbiosis, similar to extant relationships.  This discovery of the first fossil spiroplasmid shows that psyllids carried these microorganisms some 100 million years ago.

Three new species of Gastromyzon (Teleostei: Balitoridae) from the Temburong River basin, Brunei Darussalam, Borneo

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1117 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. TAN ◽  
Z. H. SULAIMAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
The Body ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Three New Species

Three new species of Gastromyzon from Brunei Darussalam, on the island of Borneo, are described from recent collections and from older museum specimens. Gastromyzon cranbrooki, new species, is superficially similar to G. borneensis, but differs in having a distinct secondary rostrum; body brown with 9–10 grey bars, head dorsum dark brown with thin grey reticulate pattern; and 56–60 scales on lateral line. Gastromyzon aeroides, new species, is similar to G. punctulatus, but differs in having the body uniform brown, dorsum uniform brown; head dorsum with very fine cream reticulate pattern (similar to a cream head with brown spots and blotches); dorsal, caudal and anal fins blue in life; and 47–65 scales in lateral line. Gastromyzon venustus, new species, is similar to G. pariclavis, but differs in having both the body and head dorsum plain brown; dorsal, caudal and anal fins red in life; and 58–63 scales in lateral line.

A new species of Omolicna (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea: Derbidae) from coconut palm in Costa Rica and new country records for Omolicna brunnea and Omolicna triata

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4577 (3) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN W. BAHDER ◽  
CHARLES R. BARTLETT ◽  
EDWIN A. BARRANTES BARRANTES ◽  
MARCO A. ZUMBADO ECHAVARRIA ◽  
ALESSANDRA R. HUMPHRIES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
A New Species

An ongoing survey for novel phytoplasmas and viruses that affect palms (Arecaceae) is being conducted in Costa Rica along with potential vectors. During that survey, a new species of derbid planthopper (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) in the genus Omolicna Fennah was detected from Heredia and Limón State and is here described as Omolicna xavieri sp. n. This new taxon was first found on declining coconut palms (Cocos nucifera) and subsequently on healthy coconut palms in Tortuguero National Park. Also, two additional species of Omolicna, O. brunnea and O. triata, were collected on coconut in the same habitat and represent new country records. There are no previously published records of Omolicna from Costa Rica. Sequence data for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the 18S ribosomal RNA gene were obtained. In addition, novel 18S primers specific to auchenorrhynchan insects were developed and presented. The molecular data show high pairwise distances between O. xavieri sp. n. and other Omolicna species (24% to 31% and 10% using COI and 18S, respectively). Based on both morphological and sequence data, we erect and briefly describe the new subgenus Agoo for the new species to reflect the observed differences. A checklist of Omolicna species is presented. 

Rare primitive deuterostomes from the Cambrian (Series 3) of Utah

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Conway Morris ◽  
Susan L. Halgedahl ◽  
Paul Selden ◽  
Richard D. Jarrard
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Burgess Shale ◽  
Anterior Section ◽  
Stem Group ◽  
Stratigraphic Range ◽  
New Discovery

AbstractThe fossil record of early deuterostome history largely depends on soft-bodied material that is generally rare and often of controversial status. Banffiids and vetulicystids exemplify these problems. From the Cambrian (Series 3) of Utah, we describe specimens of Banffia episoma n. sp. (from the Spence Shale) and Thylacocercus ignota n. gen. n. sp. (from the Wheeler Formation). The new species of Banffia Walcott, 1911 shows significant differences to the type species (B. constricta Walcott, 1911) from the Cambrian (Series 3, Stage 5) Burgess Shale, notably in possessing a prominent posterior unit but diminished anterior section. Not only does this point to a greater diversity of form among the banffiids, but also B. episoma indicates that the diagnostic median constriction and crossover of either side of the body are unlikely to be the result of taphonomic twisting but are original features. Comparisons extend also to the Cambrian (Series 2) Heteromorphus Luo and Hu in Luo et al., 1999 and, collectively, these observations support an assignment of the banffiids to the vetulicolians. The new taxon T. ignota represents the first discovery of a vetulicystid from beyond China and also significantly extends its stratigraphic range from Series 2 Cambrian into Series 3 Cambrian. Despite overall similarities in bodyplan, T. ignota differs from other vetulicystids in a number of respects, notably the possession of an anterior zone with broad tentacle-like structures. This new discovery is consistent with the vetulicystids representing stem-group ambulacrarians.

Lobocriconema iranense (Van den Berg, Eskandari, Tiedt & Karegar, 2010) n. comb. and description of L. nokandense n. sp. (Nematoda: Criconematidae) from Iran

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1043-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Jahanshahi Afshar ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Majid Pedram
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Small Annulus

Summary Two populations of Lobocriconema were recovered from the rhizosphere of Parrotia persica in Rango forest, Gorgan, and Nargesi forest, Nokandeh, Golestan province, northern Iran. Both of the recovered populations were characterised using morphological (light and scanning electron microscopy), morphometric and molecular data based upon small, partial large and internal transcribed spacer 1 ribosomal RNA (SSU, LSU D2-D3, ITS1 rDNA) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c subunit oxidase I (COI mtDNA) gene sequences. The first examined population, recovered from Gorgan, was mainly characterised by having 34-39 retrorse body annuli 11-16 μm thick at mid-body with crenate, dentate and lobulate margins, longitudinal cuticular scratches on entire body on both lateral regions, sometimes one or two anastomoses along the body, a single labial annulus with smooth margin and smaller than the first body annulus, four distinct submedian lobes, simple open vulva with no overhang, and a terminal anus. This population was almost identical to Neolobocriconema iranense, a close examination of a topotype population recovered in this study confirming that they were conspecific. The second population, L. nokandense n. sp., was recovered from the Nokandeh and looked similar to the first population but was morphologically separated from it by a slightly crenate labial annulus under SEM (vs smooth), longer tail (13-21 vs 6-10 μm) and smaller ratio c (23.6-32.4 vs 44.7-86.0). In molecular phylogenetic analyses, the two populations formed a clade in both SSU and LSU phylogenies. In ITS1 and COI phylogenies, the Nokandeh population (the new species) formed a separate sister clade to the N. iranense clade. Detailed observations using SEM data revealed a small annulus between the submedian lobes and the single labial annulus, an open vulva and a slightly ornamented cuticle in all three studied populations (the newly recovered populations from Golestan and the topotype population of N. iranense from Mazandaran province and the new species), corroborating their placement under Lobocriconema. As a result, N. iranense was transferred to Lobocriconema as L. iranense n. comb. (= N. iranense). The new species was morphologically compared with its close relatives L. iranense n. comb., L. pauperum, L. incrassatum, and L. nasuense, all of which having the aforementioned small annulus between the submedian lobes and the first labial annulus. The phylogeny of the genus is discussed.

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