Effects of Boron Oxide Concentration and Carbon Nanotubes Reinforcement on Bioactive Glass Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 5026-5035
Author(s):  
Kartikeya Dixit ◽  
Niraj Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Polymer Foam ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
X Ray

In this work, the effect of varying content of B2O3 with respect to SiO2 on mechanical and bioactivity properties have been evaluated for borosilicate bioactive glasses containing SiO2, B2O3, CaO and P2O5. The bioactive glasses have been synthesized using the sol–gel technique. The synthesized glasses were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). These bioactive glasses were fabricated as scaffolds by using polymer foam replication method. Subsequently, in vitro bioactivity evaluation of borosilicate bioactive glass was done. Based on the XRD and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) results showing good apatite-formation ability when soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF), one of the bioactive glass (BG-B30 containing 30 mol% B2O3) was selected for further study. The compressive strength of the bioactive glass scaffolds was within the range of trabecular bone. However, it was found near the lower limit of the trabecular bone (0.2–12 MPa). Therefore, BG-B30 scaffold was reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to allow for mechanical manipulation during tissue engineering applications. The compressive strength increased from 1.05 MPa to 7.42 MPa (a 606% increase) after reinforcement, while the fracture toughness rose from 0.12 MPa √ m to 0.45 MPa √ m (a 275% increase). Additionally, connectivity of the pores in the CNT reinforced BG-B30 scaffolds were evaluated and the pores were found to be well connected. The evaluated properties of the fabricated scaffolds demonstrate their potential as a synthetic graft for possible application in bone tissue engineering.

Additive Manufacturing of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Bioactive Glass Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartikeya Dixit ◽  
Niraj Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Polymer Foam ◽  
Native Bone

Abstract Scaffolds play an essential role in bone healing by providing temporary structural support to the native bone tissue and by hosting bone cells. To this end, several biomaterials and manufacturing methods have been proposed. Among the biomaterials, bioactive glasses have attractive properties as a scaffold material for bone repair. Simultaneously, additive manufacturing (AM) techniques have attracted significant attention owing to their capability of fabricating complex and patient specific scaffolds. Accordingly, borosilicate bioactive glass (BG-B30) has been used to fabricate the scaffolds using extrusion-based AM device in this study. Pluronic F-127 was used as an ink carrier that showed suitable shear thinning behavior for fabrication. The pure BG-B30 scaffold had a compressive strength of 23.30 MPa and was reinforced further with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT-COOH) to reduce its brittleness and enhance its compressive strength. When compared to the conventional polymer foam replication technique, the combination of MWCNT-COOH reinforcement and AM resulted in an enhancement of the compressive strength by ~646% (1.05 MPa to 35.84 MPa). Further, structural analysis using micro computed tomography revealed that the scaffolds fabricated using AM had better control over strut size and pore size in addition to better network connectivity. Finally, in vitro experiments demonstrated its bioactive behavior by formation of hydroxyapatite, and the cellular studies revealed good cell viability and osteogenesis initiation. These results are promising for the fabrication of patient-specific CNT-reinforced bioactive glass porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Permeability Evaluation of 45S5 Bioglass Macroporous Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
V. I. Macías-Andrés
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Waste Removal ◽  
45S5 Bioglass ◽  
Permeability Evaluation

Bioactive glass 45S5 foams were produced as an alternative to be used to fill and restore bone deffects. A crucial design factor of foams is permeability, since it is related to their capability for waste removal and nutrients/oxygen supply to cells. In the present work a study was carried out to analyze the bioactive glass 45S5 foams permeability by Darcy’s law. The measure average permeability value on foams of 69-74 % porosity was 4.19 × 10-10, 3.75 × 10-10 and 3.48 × 10-10 m2, which are in the range of permeability values for trabecular bone.

Mapping the elemental and crystalline phase distribution in Cu2+ doped 45S5 bioactive glass upon crystallization

CrystEngComm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qaisar Nawaz ◽  
Araceli de Pablos Martin ◽  
Lutz Berthold ◽  
Juliana Martins de Souza e Silva ◽  
Katrin Hurle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Metallic Ions ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Stimulation Of

Bioactive glasses (BGs) incorporating metallic ions to impart antibacterial activity and stimulation of osteogenesis and angiogenesis are promising candidates for bone tissue engineering. Silicate BGs of the 45S5 composition (45...

scholarly journals Cuttlefish Bone-Derived Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds Coated with Sol-Gel Derived Bioactive Glass

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana S. Neto ◽  
Daniela Brazete ◽  
José M.F. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydrothermal Transformation

The combination of calcium phosphates (CaP) with bioactive glasses (BG) has received an increased interest in the field of bone tissue engineering. In the present work, biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) obtained by hydrothermal transformation (HT) of cuttlefish bone (CB) were coated with a Sr-, Mg- and Zn-doped sol-gel derived BG. The scaffolds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The initial CB structure was maintained after HT and the scaffold functionalization did not jeopardize the internal structure. The results of in vitro bio-mineralization after immersing the BG coated scaffolds in simulated body fluid (SBF) showed extensive formation of bone-like apatite onto the surface of the scaffolds. Overall, the functionalized CB derived BCP scaffolds revealed promising properties for their use in bone tissue engineering field.

scholarly journals Hydroxyapatite Whisker Reinforced 63s Glass Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cijun Shuai ◽  
Yiyuan Cao ◽  
Chengde Gao ◽  
Pei Feng ◽  
Tao Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Composite Scaffolds

Bioactive glass (BG) is widely used for bone tissue engineering. However, poor mechanical properties are the major shortcomings. In the study, hydroxyapatite nanowhisker (HANw) was used as a reinforcement to improve the mechanical properties. 63s glass/HANw scaffolds were successfully fabricated by selective laser sintering (SLS). It was found that the optimal compressive strength and fracture toughness were achieved when 10 wt.% HANw was added. This led to 36% increase in compressive strength and 83% increase in fracture toughness, respectively, compared with pure 63s glass scaffolds. Different reinforcement mechanisms were analyzed based on the microstructure investigation. Whisker bridging and whisker pulling-out were efficient in absorbing crack propagating energy, resulting in the improvement of the mechanical properties. Moreover, bioactivity and biocompatibility of the scaffolds were evaluated in vitro. The results showed that composite scaffolds with 10 wt.% HANw exhibited good apatite-forming ability and cellular affinity.

scholarly journals Phosphorous pentoxide-free bioactive glass exhibits dose-dependent angiogenic and osteogenic capacities which are retained in glass polymeric composite scaffolds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Font Tellado ◽  
José A. Delgado ◽  
Patrina S.P. Poh ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Maite García-Vallés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Polymeric Composite ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Phosphorous Pentoxide ◽  
Dose Dependent

Bioactive glasses (BGs) are attractive materials for bone tissue engineering because of their bioactivity and osteoinductivity. In this study, we report the synthesis of a novel phosphorous pentoxide-free, silicate-based bioactive...

scholarly journals Permeability Evaluation of 45S5 Bioglass Macroporous Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
V. I. Macías-Andrés
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Waste Removal ◽  
45S5 Bioglass ◽  
Permeability Evaluation

Bioactive glass 45S5 foams were produced as an alternative to be used to fill and restore bone deffects. A crucial design factor of foams is permeability, since it is related to their capability for waste removal and nutrients/oxygen supply to cells. In the present work a study was carried out to analyze the bioactive glass 45S5 foams permeability by Darcy’s law. The measure average permeability value on foams of 69-74 % porosity was 4.19 × 10-10, 3.75 × 10-10 and 3.48 × 10-10 m2, which are in the range of permeability values for trabecular bone.

Evaluation Nanostructure Properties of Bioactive Glass Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaneh Izadi ◽  
Saeed Hesaraki ◽  
Masoud Hafezi-Ardakani
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

The use of biomaterials in bone tissue engineering newly has been developed. They are biocompatible material which are reabsorbed in body and replaced with newly formed tissue. Bioactive glass scaffolds will be appropriate candidates if pore morphology, size and structures are controlled. Scaffolds with nanostructure will provide these goals. In this research bioglass powder was synthesized with sol-gel method to achieve nanostructure powder. The glass powder was characterized with transmission electron microscope (TEM). Scaffolds were prepared with combination of bioglass powder and sugar as porogen followed by pressing at 80 MPa then sintering at 1050 oC. The morphology of sintered scaffolds was characterized with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and porosity was measured with density method. Mechanical properties were assessed with compressive strength. The TEM results show that synthesized powder has particle size about 25 nm. The SEM results show that nanopores and macropores are connectively distributed in whole part of scaffolds. The compressive strength of scaffolds was 0.8 MPa. Overall, the scaffold is suggested that is appropriate alternative for bone tissue engineering.

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