scholarly journals The Weather Research and Forecasting Model: Overview, System Efforts, and Future Directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 1717-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan G. Powers ◽  
Joseph B. Klemp ◽  
William C. Skamarock ◽  
Christopher A. Davis ◽  
Jimy Dudhia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Earth System Modeling ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Weather Research

Abstract Since its initial release in 2000, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model has become one of the world’s most widely used numerical weather prediction models. Designed to serve both research and operational needs, it has grown to offer a spectrum of options and capabilities for a wide range of applications. In addition, it underlies a number of tailored systems that address Earth system modeling beyond weather. While the WRF Model has a centralized support effort, it has become a truly community model, driven by the developments and contributions of an active worldwide user base. The WRF Model sees significant use for operational forecasting, and its research implementations are pushing the boundaries of finescale atmospheric simulation. Future model directions include developments in physics, exploiting emerging compute technologies, and ever-innovative applications. From its contributions to research, forecasting, educational, and commercial efforts worldwide, the WRF Model has made a significant mark on numerical weather prediction and atmospheric science.

scholarly journals A Decade of Antarctic Science Support Through Amps

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 1699-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan G. Powers ◽  
Kevin W. Manning ◽  
David H. Bromwich ◽  
John J. Cassano ◽  
Arthur M. Cayette
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Weather Research

The Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) is a real-time numerical weather prediction (NWP) system covering Antarctica that has served a remarkable range of groups and activities for a decade. It employs the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) on varying-resolution grids to generate numerical guidance in a variety of tailored products. While its priority mission has been to support the forecasters of the U.S. Antarctic Program, AMPS has evolved to assist a host of scientific and logistical needs for an international user base. The AMPS effort has advanced polar NWP and Antarctic science and looks to continue this into another decade. To inform those with Antarctic scientific and logistical interests and needs, the history, applications, and capabilities of AMPS are discussed.

scholarly journals Parametrizations of Liquid and Ice Clouds’ Optical Properties in Operational Numerical Weather Prediction Models

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Harel. B. Muskatel ◽  
Ulrich Blahak ◽  
Pavel Khain ◽  
Yoav Levi ◽  
Qiang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Radiation Transfer ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Effective Size ◽  
Asymmetry Factor ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction Models ◽  
Spectral Averaging

Parametrization of radiation transfer through clouds is an important factor in the ability of Numerical Weather Prediction models to correctly describe the weather evolution. Here we present a practical parameterization of both liquid droplets and ice optical properties in the longwave and shortwave radiation. An advanced spectral averaging method is used to calculate the extinction coefficient, single scattering albedo, forward scattered fraction and asymmetry factor (bext, v, f, g), taking into account the nonlinear effects of light attenuation in the spectral averaging. An ensemble of particle size distributions was used for the ice optical properties calculations, which enables the effective size range to be extended up to 570 μm and thus be applicable for larger hydrometeor categories such as snow, graupel, and rain. The new parameterization was applied both in the COSMO limited-area model and in ICON global model and was evaluated by using the COSMO model to simulate stratiform ice and water clouds. Numerical weather prediction models usually determine the asymmetry factor as a function of effective size. For the first time in an operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) model, the asymmetry factor is parametrized as a function of aspect ratio. The method is generalized and is available on-line to be readily applied to any optical properties dataset and spectral intervals of a wide range of radiation transfer models and applications.

Impact of Consistent Semi-Lagrangian Trajectory Calculations on Numerical Weather Prediction Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (10) ◽  
pp. 4127-4150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Zahid Husain ◽  
Claude Girard
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Multiscale Model ◽  
Dynamical Equations ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Trajectory Calculation ◽  
Trajectory Calculations

Inconsistencies may arise in numerical weather prediction models—that are based on semi-Lagrangian advection—when the governing dynamical and the kinematic trajectory equations are discretized in a dissimilar manner. This study presents consistent trajectory calculation approaches, both in the presence and absence of off-centering in the discretized dynamical equations. Both uniform and differential off-centering in the discretized dynamical equations have been considered. The proposed consistent trajectory calculations are evaluated using numerical experiments involving a nonhydrostatic two-dimensional theoretical mountain case and hydrostatic global forecasts. The experiments are carried out using the Global Environmental Multiscale model. Both the choice of the averaging method for approximating the velocity integral in the discretized trajectory equations and the interpolation scheme for calculating the departure positions are found to be important for consistent trajectory calculations. Results from the numerical experiments confirm that the proposed consistent trajectory calculation approaches not only improve numerical consistency, but also improve forecast accuracy.

scholarly journals EMPOL 1.0: a new parameterization of pollen emission in numerical weather prediction models

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1961-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zink ◽  
A. Pauling ◽  
M. W. Rotach ◽  
H. Vogel ◽  
P. Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Scale Modelling ◽  
Reactive Trace Gases

Abstract. Simulating pollen concentrations with numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems requires a parameterization for pollen emission. We have developed a parameterization that is adaptable for different plant species. Both biological and physical processes of pollen emission are taken into account by parameterizing emission as a two-step process: (1) the release of the pollen from the flowers, and (2) their entrainment into the atmosphere. Key factors influencing emission are temperature, relative humidity, the turbulent kinetic energy and precipitation. We have simulated the birch pollen season of 2012 using the NWP system COSMO-ART (Consortium for Small-scale Modelling – Aerosols and Reactive Trace Gases), both with a parameterization already present in the model and with our new parameterization EMPOL. The statistical results show that the performance of the model can be enhanced by using EMPOL.

Forecasting wave height probabilities with numerical weather prediction models

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (14-15) ◽  
pp. 1841-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Roulston ◽  
Jerome Ellepola ◽  
Jost von Hardenberg ◽  
Leonard A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction Models

scholarly journals Verification of Forecast Weather Surface Variables over Vietnam Using the National Numerical Weather Prediction System

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien Du Duc ◽  
Lars Robert Hole ◽  
Duc Tran Anh ◽  
Cuong Hoang Duc ◽  
Thuy Nguyen Ba
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Regional Models ◽  
Global Spectral Model ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
The Us

The national numerical weather prediction system of Vietnam is presented and evaluated. The system is based on three main models, namely, the Japanese Global Spectral Model, the US Global Forecast System, and the US Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The global forecast products have been received at 0.25- and 0.5-degree horizontal resolution, respectively, and the WRF model has been run locally with 16 km horizontal resolution at the National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting using lateral conditions from GSM and GFS. The model performance is evaluated by comparing model output against observations of precipitation, wind speed, and temperature at 168 weather stations, with daily data from 2010 to 2014. In general, the global models provide more accurate forecasts than the regional models, probably due to the low horizontal resolution in the regional model. Also, the model performance is poorer for stations with altitudes greater than 500 meters above sea level (masl). For tropical cyclone performance validations, the maximum wind surface forecast from global and regional models is also verified against the best track of Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Finally, the model forecast skill during a recent extreme rain event in northeast Vietnam is evaluated.

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