scholarly journals Comments on “The Role of the Central Asian Mountains on the Midwinter Suppression of North Pacific Storminess”

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2800-2803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund K. M. Chang ◽  
Wuyin Lin
2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 3706-3720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-Seok Park ◽  
John C. H. Chiang ◽  
Seok-Woo Son

Abstract The role of the central Asian mountains on North Pacific storminess is examined using an atmospheric general circulation model by varying the height and the areas of the mountains. A series of model integrations show that the presence of the central Asian mountains suppresses the North Pacific storminess by 20%–30% during boreal winter. Their impact on storminess is found to be small during other seasons. The mountains amplify stationary waves and effectively weaken the high-frequency transient eddy kinetic energy in boreal winter. Two main causes of the reduced storminess are diagnosed. First, the decrease in storminess appears to be associated with a weakening of downstream eddy development. The mountains disorganize the zonal coherency of wave packets and refract them more equatorward. As the zonal traveling distance of wave packets gets substantially shorter, downstream eddy development gets weaker. Second, the central Asian mountains suppress the global baroclinic energy conversion. The decreased baroclinic energy conversion, particularly over the eastern Eurasian continent, decreases the number of eddy disturbances entering into the western North Pacific. The “barotropic governor” does not appear to explain the reduced storminess in our model simulations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
KSENIA G. MURATSHINA ◽  
◽  
EVGENY L. BAKHTIN ◽  

Youth exchanges have become an essential component of people-to-people exchanges in international relations, both in bilateral and multilateral formats. This paper analyses the participation of Russia and its Central Asian partners (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) in youth exchanges in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. The authors consequently discuss the institutional structure and formats of the multilateral cooperation, its development within the last decade, and the representation and role of the member states. The research is based on the study of the SCO multilateral documents, SCO institutions’ documentation, official addresses and interviews of the SCO politicians and NGO leaders, online news archives of NGOs and media. The authors conclude that the SCO has formed a multilateral cooperation mechanism for youth exchanges, in which Russia and Central Asia are fully represented, with minor exclusions. Meanwhile, the cooperation demonstrates the evident rivalry between Russia and China in this cooperation. The Central Asian countries have become subject to this rivalry, however, at the same time they have already started to put forward their own initiatives, too, which can be significant for the development of multilateral dialogue. Finally, the paper discusses the potential benefits of cooperation for its participants.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Dittus ◽  
E. Hawkins ◽  
J. I. Robson ◽  
D. M. Smith ◽  
L. J. Wilcox

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
V.N. Galyapina

More than 400 thousand Russians remain in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan after the collapse of the USSR. They have to adapt to the changing conditions, and it is important to study the factors that determine their psychological well-being. This study focuses on the moderating role of perceived security in the relationship between acculturation attitudes and psychological well-being of the Russians in the two Central Asian countries. The sample included 578 respondents. In the study, we used scales from the MIRIPS questionnaire and carried out analysis using the moderation models 1 and 3. The results showed that for the Russians in both countries, when perceived security was low, separation attitudes promoted self-esteem, while assimilation attitudes decreased it. The study also revealed the role of the context: in Tajikistan (less favorable context for the Russians), assimilation attitudes contributed to life satisfaction in situations of high perceived security, while in Kyrgyzstan (more favorable context) it was integration attitudes that determined life satisfaction when perceived security was high or medium. We may conclude that the context determines the preference of acculturation strategy that provides the Russians with life satisfaction in the situation of perceived security: the assimilation strategy in Tajikistan, and the integration strategy in Kyrgyzstan.


2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-241
Author(s):  
Erkin Baidarov ◽  

The beginning of the second decade of the 21st century in the context of relations between India and the countries of Central Asia was marked by the emergence of a new conceptual program – «Connect Central Asia Policy» («Connection / Communication Policy with Central Asia»). If in 1992 India only established diplomatic relations with the new independent states of Central Asia, then it took another twenty years to establish wider contacts with the region of India. This is largely due to the new generation of Indian leaders who appreciated the "new" role of India in the global coordinate system. The need to solve their own political, strategic and economic problems, as well as understanding the need for Central Asian countries to solve their own problems in developing economic and human potential, transport infrastructure, etc., allowed the official Delhi to determine its niche at the intersection of mutually beneficial interests, which resulted in «Connect Central Asia Policy» program.


Author(s):  
YU ZHANG ◽  
YU PING GUAN ◽  
RUI XIN HUANG

AbstractOcean striations are composed of alternating quasi-zonal band-like flows; this kind of organized structure of currents be found in all world’s oceans and seas. Previous studies have mainly been focused on the mechanisms of their generation and propagation. This study uses the spatial high-pass filtering to obtain the three-dimensional structure of ocean striations in the North Pacific in both the z-coordinate and σ-coordinate based on 10-yr averaged SODA3 data. First, we identify an ideal-fluid potential density domain where the striations are undisturbed by the surface forcing and boundary effects. Second, using the isopycnal layer analysis, we show that on isopycnal surfaces the orientations of striations nearly follow the potential vorticity (PV) contours, while in the meridional-vertical plane the central positions of striations are generally aligned with the latitude of zero gradient of the relative PV. Our analysis provides a simple dynamical interpretation and better understanding for the role of ocean striations.


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