Future Changes in Drought Characteristics: Regional Analysis for South Korea under CMIP5 Projections

Abstract The future changes in drought characteristics were examined on a regional scale for South Korea, in northeastern Asia, using 17 bias-corrected projections from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) of representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios 4.5 and 8.5. The frequency of severe or extreme drought, based on the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), with time scales of 1, 3, and 12 months (i.e., SPI1, SPI3, SPI12, SPEI1, SPEI3, and SPEI12), was considered, as well as the average duration based on SPEI1. A multimodel ensemble (MME) was produced using selected models, and future changes were investigated in terms of both drought frequency and the average duration for the entire area and four river basins. The changes in drought frequency largely depend on the selection of a drought index, rather than climate projection scenarios. SPEI3 mostly projected future increases in drought frequency, while SPI3 showed varied projections. SPI12 projected decreases in drought frequency for both scenarios in the study area, while differences between river basins were observed for SPEI12. Increases in the average duration of droughts were projected based on SPEI1, indicating an increase in persistent short-term droughts in the future. The results emphasize the importance of regional- and subregional-scale analysis in northeastern Asia. The findings of the study provide valuable information that can be used for drought-related decision-making, which could not be obtained from studies on a global spatial scale.

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Future changes in drought characteristics over South Korea using multi regional climate models with the standardized precipitation index

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences ◽

10.1007/s13143-016-0020-1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 209-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yeon-Woo Choi ◽

Joong-Bae Ahn ◽

Myoung-Seok Suh ◽

Dong-Hyun Cha ◽

Dong-Kyou Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Climate Models ◽

Regional Climate ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Regional Climate Models ◽

Precipitation Index ◽

Drought Characteristics ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index

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Future Changes in Drought Characteristics under Extreme Climate Change over South Korea

Advances in Meteorology ◽

10.1155/2016/9164265 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Joo-Heon Lee ◽

Hyun-Han Kwon ◽

Ho-Won Jang ◽

Tae-Woong Kim

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

South Korea ◽

General Circulation ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Circulation Model ◽

Significance Test ◽

Precipitation Index ◽

Intergovernmental Panel ◽

The Future

This study attempts to analyze several drought features in South Korea from various perspectives using a three-month standard precipitation index. In particular, this study aims to evaluate changes in spatial distribution in terms of frequency and severity of droughts in the future due to climate change, using IPCC (intergovernmental panel on climate change) GCM (general circulation model) simulations. First, the Mann-Kendall method was adopted to identify drought trends at the five major watersheds. The simulated temporal evolution of SPI (standardized precipitation index) during the winter showed significant drying trends in most parts of the watersheds, while the simulated SPI during the spring showed a somewhat different feature in the GCMs. Second, this study explored the low-frequency patterns associated with drought by comparing global wavelet power, with significance test. Future spectra decreased in the fractional variance attributed to a reduction in the interannual band from 2 to 8 years. Finally, the changes in the frequency and the severity under climate change were evaluated through the drought spell analyses. Overall features of drought conditions in the future showed a tendency to increase (about 6%) in frequency and severity of droughts during the dry season (i.e., from October to May) under climate change.

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What Do Climate Change Projections Say About Future Droughts in Alabama and Georgia?

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.11854 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 1139-1151

Author(s):

Nischal Mishra ◽

Puneet Srivastava ◽

Sarmistha Singh

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Coupled Model ◽

Precipitation Index ◽

Spatial Extent ◽

Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory ◽

Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index ◽

Climate System Model ◽

Drought Characteristics ◽

The Future

Abstract. Frequent severe droughts in recent years in the humid southeast U.S. have called for pragmatic approaches to better prepare for the consequences of droughts. This article examines how climate change will influence future droughts in Alabama and Georgia. Historic and future droughts were quantified by means of the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), and changes in the frequency, severity, and spatial extent of droughts were examined using severity-area-frequency (SAF) curves. Precipitation and temperature data, regionally downscaled using a regional spectral model (RSM) for the southeast U.S. for the high emission scenario (A2) from three general circulation models (GCM), i.e., Hadley Centre Coupled Model Version 3 (HadCM3), Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), and Community Climate System Model (CCSM), from the Third Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP3) archive were used for this study. Data from 1969 to 1999 were used for historical simulation, and 2039 to 2069 were used for future projections. The results showed that droughts similar to those in the past would be observed frequently in the future as well. The SPI and SPEI from the GFDL and HadCM3 models indicated higher frequency, severity, and spatial extent of droughts in the future. The SPI from the CCSM model did not show drastic changes in drought characteristics in either of the two states. The results of this research can be used by policymakers as a guide to determine how drought characteristics are expected to change in the future, and to develop drought mitigation policies. Keywords: Climate change, Drought, Drought indices, Severity-area-frequency curves, Standardized precipitation index, Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index.

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An Assessment of Drought Stress in Tea Estates Using Optical and Thermal Remote Sensing

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13142730 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 2730

Author(s):

Animesh Chandra Das ◽

Ryozo Noguchi ◽

Tofael Ahamed

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Land Surface ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Drought Frequency ◽

Moisture Index ◽

Area Index ◽

Drought Period

Drought is one of the detrimental climatic factors that affects the productivity and quality of tea by limiting the growth and development of the plants. The aim of this research was to determine drought stress in tea estates using a remote sensing technique with the standardized precipitation index (SPI). Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS images were processed to measure the land surface temperature (LST) and soil moisture index (SMI). Maps for the normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and leaf area index (LAI), as well as yield maps, were developed from Sentinel-2 satellite images. The drought frequency was calculated from the classification of droughts utilizing the SPI. The results of this study show that the drought frequency for the Sylhet station was 38.46% for near-normal, 35.90% for normal, and 25.64% for moderately dry months. In contrast, the Sreemangal station demonstrated frequencies of 28.21%, 41.02%, and 30.77% for near-normal, normal, and moderately dry months, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the SMI and NDMI were 0.84, 0.77, and 0.79 for the drought periods of 2018–2019, 2019–2020 and 2020–2021, respectively, indicating a strong relationship between soil and plant canopy moisture. The results of yield prediction with respect to drought stress in tea estates demonstrate that 61%, 60%, and 60% of estates in the study area had lower yields than the actual yield during the drought period, which accounted for 7.72%, 11.92%, and 12.52% yield losses in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. This research suggests that satellite remote sensing with the SPI could be a valuable tool for land use planners, policy makers, and scientists to measure drought stress in tea estates.

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South Korea and the Future

The Social Studies ◽

10.1080/00220973.1945.11019915 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 194-195

Author(s):

Se Ho Shin

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

The Future

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Locating the Online: Creativity and User-Created Content in Seoul

Media International Australia ◽

10.1177/1329878x1114100114 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 141 (1) ◽

pp. 118-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Larissa Hjorth

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Digital Natives ◽

Online Media ◽

The Future ◽

Online Culture ◽

Insight Into

As one location boasting high broadband speeds, infrastructure, strong techno-nationalist policy and some of the early examples of so-called ‘digital natives’, South Korea has been seen as the model for the future of online culture. However, beyond these images of techno-fantasies is a technoculture that is marred by an increasing ambivalence towards online media. Specifically through user-created content (UCC), researchers can gain insight into some of the paradoxes emerging around online creativity, community and politics. Drawing on fieldwork conducted between 2009 and 2011, this article considers what UCC means in Korea and how this reflects the particularities of Korea's technoculture.

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EDUCATING FOR THE FUTURE: AN OUTSIDER'S VIEW OF SOUTH KOREA MATHEMATICS EDUCATION

Mathematics Education in Korea - Series on Mathematics Education ◽

10.1142/9789814525725_0011 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 171-190

Author(s):

Lillie R. Albert

Keyword(s):

Mathematics Education ◽

South Korea ◽

The Future

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Progress in practical hydrogen production and utilisation in East Asia

HKIE Transactions ◽

10.33430/v28n2thie-2020-0047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 88-101

Author(s):

Pradipto Suwidji ◽

Hoi Ying Chung ◽

Yun Hau Ng

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

East Asia ◽

Technology Development ◽

Future Prospect ◽

Pilot Projects ◽

Energy Applications ◽

Hydrogen Technology ◽

The Future ◽

The Usa ◽

East Asia Region

Development of hydrogen utilisation for energy applications has seen promising innovation towards the future prospect of clean and sustainable energy, benefitting various aspects of environmental, social, industrial and energy security. In the APEC region, several economies, such as the USA, China, Australia, Japan and South Korea, have shown interest in the development of hydrogen technology for energy applications. These economies have been devoting effort towards research and development programmes, pilot projects and, up to a certain point, implementing it in their communities. In addition, these economies each have their own tailored hydrogen roadmap or strategy, ensuring a smoother path towards hydrogen development. In this mini-review, we analysed the approaches of three selected economies in the East Asia region towards hydrogen technology, namely China, Japan and South Korea. Each of these economies have their own strategies and priorities towards the application, production and future development of hydrogen technology. This review also analyses the future possibilities for the integration of hydrogen technology into various sectors, as well as various constraints faced by each economy. Therefore, the review might serve as a valuable reference towards the feasibility of future hydrogen technology development in the East Asia and APEC region.

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