Olfactory Identification Deficits in First-Episode Psychosis May Predict Patients at Risk for Persistent Negative and Disorganized or Cognitive Symptoms

AbstractPsychotic disorders are associated with metabolic abnormalities including alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism. A major challenge in the treatment of psychosis is to identify patients with vulnerable metabolic profiles who may be at risk of developing cardiometabolic co-morbidities. It is established that both central and peripheral metabolic organs use lipids to control energy balance and regulate peripheral insulin sensitivity. The endocannabinoid system, implicated in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, has been shown to be dysregulated in psychosis. It is currently unclear how these endocannabinoid abnormalities relate to metabolic changes in psychosis. Here we review recent research in the field of metabolic co-morbidities in psychotic disorders as well as the methods to study them and potential links to the endocannabinoid system. We also describe the bioinformatics platforms developed in the EU project METSY for the investigations of the biological etiology in patients at risk of psychosis and in first episode psychosis patients. The METSY project was established with the aim to identify and evaluate multi-modal peripheral and neuroimaging markers that may be able to predict the onset and prognosis of psychiatric and metabolic symptoms in patients at risk of developing psychosis and first episode psychosis patients. Given the intrinsic complexity and widespread role of lipid metabolism, a systems biology approach which combines molecular, structural and functional neuroimaging methods with detailed metabolic characterisation and multi-variate network analysis is essential in order to identify how lipid dysregulation may contribute to psychotic disorders. A decision support system, integrating clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging data, was also developed in order to aid clinical decision making in psychosis. Knowledge of common and specific mechanisms may aid the etiopathogenic understanding of psychotic and metabolic disorders, facilitate early disease detection, aid treatment selection and elucidate new targets for pharmacological treatments.

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Circulating lipids associate with future weight gain in individuals with an at-risk mental state and in first-episode psychosis

10.1101/2020.01.30.20019711 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Santosh Lamichhane ◽

Alex M. Dickens ◽

Partho Sen ◽

Heikki Laurikainen ◽

Jaana Suvisaari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Weight Gain ◽

High Risk ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

Molecular Signature ◽

First Episode ◽

Baseline Serum ◽

Average Life Span ◽

Episode Psychosis

AbstractPatients with schizophrenia have a lower than average life span, largely due to the increased prevalence of cardiometabolic co-morbidities. Identification of individuals with psychotic disorders with a high risk of rapid weight gain, and the associated development of metabolic complications, is an unmet need as regards public health. Here, we applied mass spectrometry-based lipidomics in a prospective study comprising 48 controls (CTR), 44 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients and 22 individuals at clinical-high-risk (CHR) for psychosis, from two study centers (Turku/Finland and London/UK). Baseline serum samples were analyzed by lipidomics, while body mass index (BMI) was assessed at baseline and after 12 months. We found that baseline triacylglycerols with low double bond counts and carbon numbers were positively associated with the change in BMI at follow-up. In addition, a molecular signature comprised of two triacylglycerols (TG(48:0) and TG(45:0)), was predictive of weight gain in individuals with a psychotic disorder, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.60–0.85). When independently tested in the CHR group, this molecular signature predicted said weight change with AUROC = 0.73 (95% CI: 0.61–0.83). We conclude that molecular lipids may serve as a predictor of weight gain in psychotic disorders in at-risk individuals, and may thus provide a useful marker for identifying individuals who are most prone to developing cardiometabolic co-morbidities.

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Urbanicity and risk of first-episode psychosis: incidence study in Brazil

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.2019.110 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 215 (6) ◽

pp. 726-729 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Cristina Marta Del-Ben ◽

Rosana Shuhama ◽

Camila Marcelino Loureiro ◽

Taciana Cristina Carvalho Ragazzi ◽

Daniela Perocco Zanatta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

First Episode ◽

World Population ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Episode Psychosis ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Lower Population

We estimated the incidence of first-episode psychosis over a 3-year period in a Brazilian catchment area comprising the region's main city, Ribeirão Preto (1 425 306 persons-years at risk), and 25 other municipalities with a total of 1 646 556 persons-years at risk. The incidence rates were estimated and adjusted by gender and age, using the direct standardisation method to the world population as reference. The incidence of psychosis was higher in the younger groups, men, and among Black and minority ethnic Brazilians. Psychosis incidence was lower in Ribeirão Preto (16.69/100 000 person-years at risk; 95% CI 15.68–17.70) compared with the average incidence in the remaining municipalities (21.25/100 000 person-years at risk; 95% CI 20.20–22.31), which have lower population density, suggesting a distinct role for urbanicity in the incidence of first-episode psychosis in low- and middle-income countries.

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Book Reviews: CBT for Those at Risk of a First Episode Psychosis: evidence-based psychotherapy for people with an “At Risk Mental State” – Erratum

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s1352465815000090 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 384-384

Author(s):

C. Collinson

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

Clinical Psychologist ◽

First Episode ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Episode Psychosis ◽

Evidence Based Psychotherapy ◽

At Risk Mental State

Please note the author of this book review is Dr Catherine Campbell, Clinical Psychologist, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, and not Collinson, C. (2015) as cited in the original article. The book review editors extend their sincere apologies to Dr Campbell for this error.

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Rationale and Baseline Characteristics of PREVENT: A Second-Generation Intervention Trial in Subjects At-Risk (Prodromal) of Developing First-Episode Psychosis Evaluating Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Aripiprazole, and Placebo for the Prevention of Psychosis

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbr083 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 37 (suppl 2) ◽

pp. S111-S121 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

A. Bechdolf ◽

H. Muller ◽

H. Stutzer ◽

M. Wagner ◽

W. Maier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽

Second Generation ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

First Episode ◽

Cognitive Behavior ◽

Intervention Trial ◽

Episode Psychosis ◽

Baseline Characteristics

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Poster #40 LONGITUDINAL HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES AND PREDICTION OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME IN AT-RISK MENTAL STATE AND FIRST-EPISODE PSYCHOSIS

Schizophrenia Research ◽

10.1016/s0920-9964(12)70612-6 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 136 ◽

pp. S199-S200

Author(s):

Shinsuke Koike ◽

Yoshihiro Satomura ◽

Yukika Nishimura ◽

Yosuke Takano ◽

Norichika Iwashiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Functional Outcome ◽

Mental State ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

First Episode ◽

Hemodynamic Changes ◽

Episode Psychosis ◽

At Risk Mental State

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Criticism and Depression among the Caregivers of At-Risk Mental State and First-Episode Psychosis Patients

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0149875 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. e0149875 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yumiko Hamaie ◽

Noriyuki Ohmuro ◽

Masahiro Katsura ◽

Chika Obara ◽

Tatsuo Kikuchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Mental State ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

First Episode ◽

Episode Psychosis ◽

At Risk Mental State

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Clinical correlates of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis measures in individuals at risk for psychosis and with first-episode psychosis

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/j.psychres.2018.05.018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 265 ◽

pp. 284-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Javier Labad ◽

Antonio Armario ◽

Roser Nadal ◽

Montse Solé ◽

Alfonso Gutiérrez-Zotes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽

First Episode ◽

Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽

Clinical Correlates ◽

Adrenal Axis ◽

Episode Psychosis ◽

Pituitary Adrenal Axis

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Association Between Circulating Lipids and Future Weight Gain in Individuals With an At-Risk Mental State and in First-Episode Psychosis

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbaa087 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Santosh Lamichhane ◽

Alex M Dickens ◽

Partho Sen ◽

Heikki Laurikainen ◽

Faith Borgan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Weight Gain ◽

High Risk ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

Molecular Signature ◽

First Episode ◽

Baseline Serum ◽

Average Life Span ◽

Episode Psychosis

Abstract Patients with schizophrenia have a lower than average life span, largely due to the increased prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities. There is an unmet public health need to identify individuals with psychotic disorders who have a high risk of rapid weight gain and who are at risk of developing metabolic complications. Here, we applied mass spectrometry-based lipidomics in a prospective study comprising 48 healthy controls (CTR), 44 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, and 22 individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis, from 2 study centers (Turku, Finland and London, UK). Baseline serum samples were analyzed using lipidomics, and body mass index (BMI) was assessed at baseline and after 12 months. We found that baseline triacylglycerols (TGs) with low double-bond counts and carbon numbers were positively associated with the change in BMI at follow-up. In addition, a molecular signature comprised of 2 TGs (TG[48:0] and TG[45:0]) was predictive of weight gain in individuals with a psychotic disorder, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.60–0.85). When independently tested in the CHR group, this molecular signature predicted said weight change with AUROC = 0.73 (95% CI: 0.61–0.83). We conclude that molecular lipids may serve as a predictor of weight gain in psychotic disorders in at-risk individuals and may thus provide a useful marker for identifying individuals who are most prone to developing cardiometabolic comorbidities.

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