Sputum Cytologic Diagnosis of Upper Respiratory Tract Cancer

1978 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bryan Neel ◽  
Lewis B. Woolner ◽  
David R. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Early Cancer ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cytologic Diagnosis ◽  
Tract Cancer ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Sputum cytologic testing has been applied in the screening of high-risk individuals for presymptomatic lung cancer. This same screening procedure sometimes identifies patients with upper respiratory tract cancers and thereby may permit earlier treatment. Patients enrolled in the Mayo Lung Project undergo sputum cytologic and chest roentgenographic screening at four-month intervals and are compared with matched controls who are not intensively screened. Experience to date indicates an incidence rate of approximately 1 per 1,000 per year of cancer in the upper respiratory and alimentary passages among males more than 45 years old who are heavy cigarette smokers. This compares with a rate of approximately 4 per 1,000 per year of lung cancer. Recognition of early cancer of the upper respiratory tract is an additional benefit of screening for lung cancer. Since cigarette smoking represents an etiologic agent common to both upper and lower respiratory tract cancers, tumors should be searched for in both sites in this high-risk population.

Early Lung Cancer Detection and Localization

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Sanderson ◽  
Robert S. Fontana
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Early Lung Cancer

The Mayo Lung Project was established to develop and evaluate a screening program for early lung cancer in high-risk subjects. Men who are more than 45 years of age and who smoke one package of cigarettes or more daily are screened by the use of thoracic roentgenograms, three-day pooled sputum cytology, and lung health questionnaires at four-month intervals. These data are compared with data from similar subjects screened only on entry into the project. During the past three years, 34 patients who had no roentgenographic evidence of lung cancer were identified and examined because of carcinoma cells in sputum. Of these 34 patients, 27 have had bronchoscopic localization of their tumors and definitive treatment, and 3 had upper respiratory tract neoplasms and also have been treated. Of the remaining four, one patient died suddenly after myocardial infarction and three patients have not had localization or treatment because of other severe complicating medical problems. Localization of roentgenographically occult lung cancer is reliable by the use of bronchofiberoscopy and meticulous, thorough sampling from the tracheobronchial tree. A search must be made for upper airway cancers in the same high-risk population, and the possibility of second primary bronchogenic tumors also must be considered. Although follow-up is short, 22 of the 27 treated lung cancer patients were found with stage I disease. The outlook for 19 of these 27 is encouraging an average of 16 months after surgical resection.

scholarly journals Secretory IgA in Mucosa of Pharynx and Larynx Plays an Important Role against Influenza A Virus Infection in Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Shaozhe Zhao ◽  
Lei Yuan ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Longchan Liu ◽  
Zixin Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Objective. Influenza virus poses a major threat to human health and has serious morbidity and mortality which commonly occurs in high-risk populations. Pharynx and larynx of the upper respiratory tract mucosa is the first defense line against influenza virus infection. However, the ability of the pharynx and larynx organ to eliminate the influenza pathogen is still not clear under different host conditions. Methods. In this study, a mouse model of kidney yang deficiency syndrome (KYDS) was used to mimic high-risk peoples. Two different methods of influenza A (H1N1) virus infection by nasal dropping or tracheal intubation were applied to these mice, which were divided into four groups: normal intubation (NI) group, normal nasal dropping (ND) group, model intubation (MI) group, and model nasal dropping (MD) group. The normal control (NC) group was used as a negative control. Body weight, rectal temperature, and survival rate were observed every day. Histopathologic changes, visceral index, gene expressions of H1N1, cytokine expressions, secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies of tracheal lavage fluids in the upper respiratory tract, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids were analyzed by ELISA. Results. The MD group had an earlier serious morbidity and mortality than the others. MI and NI groups became severe only in the 6th to 7th day after infection. The index of the lung increased significantly in NI, MI, and MD groups. Conversely, indices of the thymus and spleen increased significantly in NC and ND groups. H&E staining showed severe tissue lesions in MD, MI, and NI groups. H1N1 gene expressions were higher in the MD group compared with the MI group on the 3rd day; however, the MD group decreased significantly on the 7th day. IL-6 levels increased remarkably, and SIgA expressions decreased significantly in the MD group compared with the NC group. Conclusions. SIgA secretions are influenced directly by different conditions of the host in the pharynx and larynx in the upper respiratory tract mucosa. In the KYDS virus disease mode, SIgA expressions could be inhibited severely, which leads to serious morbidity and mortality after influenza A virus infection. The SIgA expressions of the pharynx and larynx would be an important target in high-risk populations against the influenza A virus for vaccine or antiviral drugs research.

scholarly journals Carcinomas of the upper respiratory tract which were difficult to discriminate from roentgenographically occult lung cancer.

Haigan ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoyasu Sagawa ◽  
Yasuki Saito ◽  
Chiaki Endo ◽  
Satomi Takahashi ◽  
Katsuo Usuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Roentgenographically Occult Lung Cancer
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document