Videoendoscopic Analysis of Laryngeal Function during Laughter

1996 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Yanagisawa ◽  
Martin J. Citardi ◽  
JO Estill
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Voluntary Control ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Laryngeal Function ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

Although commonly encountered in all human cultures, laughter remains poorly understood. In order to examine laryngeal function during laughter, telescopic and fiberscopic videolaryngoscopy was performed on five subjects, who laughed in the different vowels, at various frequencies, and in several voice qualities. During laughter, the vocal folds were found consistently to undergo rhythmic abduction and adduction. At the end of these specific phonation tasks, all subjects were able to gain voluntary control of paramedian vocal fold positioning. This study better defined laryngeal function during laughter. These results have important clinical implications. Voluntary vocal fold positioning has important applications in speech therapy for dysphonias, such as vocal fold nodules, in which the primary cause is vocal fold hyperadduction. Patients suffering from these hyperadductive dysphonias may be able to utilize laughter to correct them.

Vibration Characteristics of the Vocal Folds

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hai ◽  
A. M. Al-Jumaily ◽  
A. Mirnajafi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Vibration Characteristics ◽  
Transverse Isotropic ◽  
Body Theory ◽  
Oscillation Characteristics ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

The vibration characteristics of the vocal folds are investigated using a finite element model which incorporates the in-homogeneity and anisotropy of the materials and the irregularity of the geometry. The model employs the cover and body theory to build the structure of the vocal folds and implements measured viscoelastic properties of the mucosa and the transverse isotropic elastic properties of the muscles. It has the potential to simulate some vocal-fold disorders and determine the change in characteristics. To determine the oscillation characteristics of the folds, the eigenfrequency and eigenmodes of the finite element model are determined using the ABAQUS software. The model results compare well with some experiments performed on a silicon vocal fold. It is anticipated that the model will help to identify voice disorders such as vocal-fold paralysis and vocal-fold nodules.

The role of stroboscopy in the management of a patient with a unilateral vocal fold paralysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredydd Lloyd Harries ◽  
Murray Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Vocal Fold Paralysis ◽  
Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis

AbstractStroboscopy is well established as an essential diagnostic tool in the assessment of the vocal folds during phonation. This paper analyses the stroboscopic findings in 100 patients with a unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Reliable stroboscopic signals were only obtained in patients with the paralysed fold close to the midline. These patients seldom require surgery however, usually responding to speech therapy with laryngeal compensation giving a good voice. Most patients that require surgery have a large glottal deficiency, but in this series these patients did not give an adequate signal for analysis. Although useful in the assessment of the muscle tone of the paralysed fold, the influence of stroboscopy on the surgical treatment in this series was limited.

Vocal Fold Diadochokinetic Function of Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Renout ◽  
Herbert A. Leeper ◽  
Donna L. Bandur ◽  
Arthur J. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Laryngeal Function ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Over Time

This study relates over time the changes in voluntary opening and closing of the vocal folds (vocal fold diadochokinesis, or VFDDK) of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The rate, pattern, and periodicity of VFDDK were examined for 12 ALS subjects with bulbar and 14 subjects with nonbulbar signs of the disease. The acoustical data were analyzed with a commercially available computer-based speech analysis system. ALS patients with bulbar and nonbulbar symptoms demonstrate reduced rate and aperiodic VFDDK as the symptomatology of the neuromotor system progresses. Individuals with bulbar signs show a greater change in vocal fold activity than do the nonbulbar group. Discussion of the clinical implications for initial diagnosis and monitoring of changes over time in motor control of laryngeal function is presented.

Respiratory and Laryngeal Measures of Children and Women With Bilateral Vocal Fold Nodules

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1229-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Sapienza ◽  
Elaine T. Stathopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Lung Volume ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Laryngeal Function ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Normal Voice ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules ◽  
Simultaneous Assessment

Simultaneous assessment of laryngeal and respiratory function was completed on 8 children and 10 women with bilateral vocal fold nodules and compared to that of 8 children and 10 women with normal voice production. Laryngeal function for the individuals with bilateral vocal fold nodules was characterized by significantly higher peak, altemating, and minimum glottal airflow. The presence of the high glottal airflow was accompanied by a significantly larger lung volume excursion. Both the children with nodules and those with normal voice showed laryngeal and respiratory function differences when compared to adults. All subject groups demonstrated appropriate laryngeal and respiratory function when increasing intensity from comfortable to loud speech. Simultaneous measurement of laryngeal and respiratory function using a multidimensional analysis of voice production is advocated in the evaluation of voice disorders because it can provide specific information regarding which of the subsystems of voice production are compromised.

Benign Lesions of the Vocal Folds: Histopathology and Phonotrauma

1995 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 698-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik G. Dikkers ◽  
Peter G. J. Nikkels
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Histopathologic Examination ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Ultrastructural Examination ◽  
Abnormal Increase ◽  
Reinke Edema ◽  
Histopathologic Findings ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

Benign lesions of the vocal folds have various appearances. Histopathologic examination might provide the true diagnosis. Therefore, histologic slides of 74 patients (92 vocal folds) with clinically well-defined diagnoses were single-blind examined by a pathologist. Single histologic features did not differentiate between different clinical entities, but combinations make some diagnoses more likely than others. Ultrastructural examination of submucosal vessels in the three most common clinical entities (polyps, Reinke edema, and vocal fold nodules) showed an entity-unique pattern of abnormal increase of layers of basement membrane—like material. A potential pathogenetic model of benign lesions of the vocal folds is presented, employing a combination of histopathologic findings and their possible relations with various forms of trauma inducing and maintaining these lesions.

Voice Outcomes of Adults Diagnosed with Pediatric Vocal Fold Nodules and Impact of Speech Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 157 (5) ◽  
pp. 824-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian H. Song ◽  
Maqdooda Merchant ◽  
Luke Schloegel
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

Microvascular Lesions of the True Vocal Fold

1998 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory N. Postma ◽  
Mark S. Courey ◽  
Robert H. Ossoff
Keyword(s):  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Indications For Surgery ◽  
Recurrent Hemorrhage ◽  
Polyp Formation ◽  
Vibratory Pattern ◽  
Repetitive Trauma

Microvascular lesions, also called varices or capillary ectasias, in contrast to vocal fold polyps with telangiectatic vessels, are relatively small lesions arising from the microcirculation of the vocal fold. Varices are most commonly seen in female professional vocalists and may be secondary to repetitive trauma, hormonal variations, or repeated inflammation. Microvascular lesions may either be asymptomatic or cause frank dysphonia by interrupting the normal vibratory pattern, mass, or closure of the vocal folds. They may also lead to vocal fold hemorrhage, scarring, or polyp formation. Laryngovideostroboscopy is the key in determining the functional significance of vocal fold varices. Management of patients with a varix includes medical therapy, speech therapy, and occasionally surgical vaporization. Indications for surgery are recurrent hemorrhage, enlargement of the varix, development of a mass in conjunction with the varix or hemorrhage, and unacceptable dysphonia after maximal medical and speech therapy due to a functionally significant varix.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Treatment for Vocal Fold Bowing with Pulsed Dye Laser

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
Yong Cheol Koo ◽  
Hyo Jin Chung ◽  
Michelle J Suh ◽  
Hong-Shik Choi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Dye Laser ◽  
Liquid Silicon ◽  
Pulsed Dye Laser ◽  
Efficacy Of Treatment

ABSTRACT Bowing of the vocal folds can result from aging, atrophy or idiopathic causes, such as an injudicious vocal cord surgery. Bowing results in dysphonia due to inadequate approximation of the vocal folds. A number of treatments have been proposed for this condition. Intracordal injection of biological materials including liquid silicon and Teflon and various types of thyroplasty have been utilized. However, full voice recovery has never been fully achieved. We present a case involving a 64-year-old Asian man with dysphonia for 30 years. The patient's vocal fold bowing was examined on laryngoscopy. The disease was effectively treated with pulsed dye laser (PDL) followed by speech therapy. Observation of the patient over 1 year did not show any signs of recurrence. Our analysis revealed voice quality improvement. How to cite this article Koo YC, Chung HJ, Suh MJ, Choi HS. The Efficacy of Treatment for Vocal Fold Bowing with Pulsed Dye Laser. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2012;2(1):46-48.

scholarly journals Does Voice Therapy Cure All Vocal Fold Nodules?

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baisakhi Bakat ◽  
Arunima Roy ◽  
Amitabha Roychoudhury ◽  
Barin Kumar Raychaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Voice Therapy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Laryngeal Surgery ◽  
Voice Outcome ◽  
Vocal Nodules ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Vocal Fold Nodules

ABSTRACT Introduction Vocal nodules are known to be one of the most common benign lesions, commonly situated at the junction of anterior one third and posterior two third of vocal folds. Voice therapy is considered to be the gold standard of treatment of vocal fold nodule. Objectives To determine the efficacy of voice therapy in the treatment of vocal fold nodules and to identify any possible reason for failure to voice therapy in managing vocal fold nodules. Materials and methods A prospective study, conducted over a period of 6 months. Eighteen adult patients diagnosed with vocal fold nodules at a tertiary care hospital were subjected to 6 weeks of voice therapy. Pre and post therapy subjective (Voice Handicap Index-10) and objective (Rigid fiber optic laryngoscopy) evaluation was done. Patients with no improvement after 6 weeks of voice therapy underwent micro laryngeal surgery. All patients were followed up at 3 months and 6 months. Results In majority of patients, objective and subjective voice outcome parameters were significantly improved after voice therapy. Although a few cases showed no significant improvement after therapy, they recovered completely after microlaryngoscopic surgery. It was found that patients who required surgery even after voice therapy had hard nodules. How to cite this article Bakat B, Gupta A, Roy A, Roychoudhury A, Raychaudhuri BK. Does Voice Therapy Cure All Vocal Fold Nodules? Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2014;4(2):55-59.

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