On Selection Procedures Based on The Exceedance Probability

1976 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh D. Naik
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Sequential Procedure ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Selection Procedures ◽  
Normal Populations ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Bayes Procedure ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

A number of normal populations are to be compared in terms of exceedance probability. When comparing two populations, a population is to be designated as better than the other if it has a greater exceedance probability. A Bayes procedure is given for selecting the subset of populations which contains the best population. A Bayes sequential procedure for selection of the best population is also described.

scholarly journals Multi-Issue Negotiation with Deadlines

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 381-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Fatima ◽  
M. J. Wooldridge ◽  
N. R. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sequential Procedure ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Information Uncertainty ◽  
Optimal Outcomes ◽  
Discount Factors ◽  
Simultaneous Procedure ◽  
Unique Outcome ◽  
Better Than

This paper studies bilateral multi-issue negotiation between self-interested autonomous agents. Now, there are a number of different procedures that can be used for this process; the three main ones being the package deal procedure in which all the issues are bundled and discussed together, the simultaneous procedure in which the issues are discussed simultaneously but independently of each other, and the sequential procedure in which the issues are discussed one after another. Since each of them yields a different outcome, a key problem is to decide which one to use in which circumstances. Specifically, we consider this question for a model in which the agents have time constraints (in the form of both deadlines and discount factors) and information uncertainty (in that the agents do not know the opponent's utility function). For this model, we consider issues that are both independent and those that are interdependent and determine equilibria for each case for each procedure. In so doing, we show that the package deal is in fact the optimal procedure for each party. We then go on to show that, although the package deal may be computationally more complex than the other two procedures, it generates Pareto optimal outcomes (unlike the other two), it has similar earliest and latest possible times of agreement to the simultaneous procedure (which is better than the sequential procedure), and that it (like the other two procedures) generates a unique outcome only under certain conditions (which we define).

Effects of a Target RIM on Basketball Shooting Accuracy

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 863-866
Author(s):  
Larry A. Sage
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Men's Basketball ◽  
Free Throw ◽  
Basketball Game ◽  
Eastern Washington ◽  
Washington University ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Basketball Shooting

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a basketball target rim on free-throw and field-goal shooting accuracy. The target rims employed in this study were different from regular rims as the apparatus that connects the target rim to the backboard was painted a neutral color. Subjects included all of the 1984–85 Eastern Washington University men's basketball players and the other players on 10 basketball teams who played games with the Eastern Washington University men's basketball team in the 1984–85 season. Practice statistics were kept in all EWU shooting situations, drills as well as scrimmages. Individual game statistics of the entire basketball game were made for the 10 games in which the target rims were used. A random selection of combined free-throw and field-goal shooting accuracy taken during the practice sessions showed that shooting percentage on the target rim was noticeably higher than the shooting percentage on the regular rim. The shooting accuracy of the EWU team and the visiting teams during game competition showed that accuracy of field-goal shooting on the target rim was significantly better than on the regular rim but not for free-throw accuracy. The target rim may improve shooting accuracy and influence total scoring in basketball.

Life history variations in two populations of Sphaerium rhomboideum (Bivalvia: Pisidiidae)

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Mackie ◽  
L. A. Flippance
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Life History Patterns ◽  
Summer Growth ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Selection Of

Distinctly different life history patterns of Sphaerium rhomboideum were observed in two permanent ponds within 1 km of each other near Guelph, Ontario. Compared with the population from the large pond, the population from the small pond usually had larger numbers of newborn (40% vs. 20%) that did not grow immediately after birth, three birth periods (peaks in late May, July to August, and October to November) instead of one (peak in September), significantly smaller newborn (3.8–4.2 mm in length depending on birth period vs. 4.5 mm in length), significantly faster average summer growth rates (0.147 mm∙day−1 vs. 0.062 mm∙day−1), shorter longevities (12 months vs. 14 months), both semelparous and iteroparous reproduction (depending on birth period) as opposed to only iteroparous reproduction in the other population, and less mortality of larvae (58% vs. 72%) resulting in annual ratios of selection of 3.21 for the semelparous form and 4.39 for the iteroparous form as opposed to 5.08 for the iteroparous form in the other population. Neither r, K, nor stochastic theories of life history tactics appear to predict the differences in life history patterns of these two populations of S. rhomboideum.

scholarly journals Reference values for the sprint performance in male football players aged from 9–35 years

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis ◽  
Beat Knechtle ◽  
Filipe Clemente ◽  
Gema Torres-Luque
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Football Coaches ◽  
Monitoring Training ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

SummaryStudy aim: The aim of the present study was twofold: firstly, to examine the effect of age on a 20 m sprint performance; and secondly, to establish normative data for the 20 m sprint performance by age in football players. Material and methods: The anthropometric characteristics of 474 football players (aged 16.81 ± 5.35 yrs, range 9.02–35.41 yrs) were examined and their 20 m sprint performance (with 0–10 and 10–20 m splits) was monitored by a photocell system (Brower Timing Systems, Utah, USA). Results: A one-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the yearly age groups with regards to the sprint time (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.584), as well as the 0–10 m (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.361) and 10–20 m split times (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.635). The older groups scored better than the younger groups. The time attained in the 20 m sprint, and the 0–10 m and 10–20 m splits correlated moderately to largely with the athlete’s age (r = –0.53, –0.40 and –0.57, respectively, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In summary, the speed ability of the football players improved with age until 15 years old, where it reached its peak. On the other hand, the other age groups U16 to U35 revealed no major differences in the speed over a 20 m sprint. The reference values presented in this study might help football coaches and fitness trainers in monitoring training and in the selection of players. Moreover, since this is the first study of this kind to compare adult age groups, sport scientists focusing on relevant topics might use it as a reference in future studies.

The Responsible Congressional Electorate: Watergate, the Economy, and Vote Choice in 1974

1985 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 788-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Uslaner ◽  
M. Margaret Conway
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Congressional Elections ◽  
Vote Choice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Retrospective Voting ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Political Studies ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Most analyses of the 1974 congressional elections have failed to find significant effects for either Watergate or personal financial conditions, despite the prominence of both of these issues in the campaign. An alternative thesis argues that the effect was indirect, through the selection of better-than-usual Democratic candidates and weaker Republican contestants for House seats. Reanalyzing campaign finance data, we challenge this thesis and then move on to a different type of analysis from that which traditionally has been done in retrospective voting studies. With the use of the 1972-1974 panel of the Center for Political Studies, we examine separately the voting behavior of what V. O. Key, Jr. called “standpatters” and “switchers.” The former are motivated primarily by party identification, with small Watergate effects. Our probit analylsis for switchers, on the other hand, finds much weaker party identification effects, but, interestingly, much more pronounced Watergate and economic impacts. Furthermore, an analysis of the sample compared to the population of districts in 1974 suggests that a more representative sample would lead to even more pronounced impacts for Watergate and the economy than even we have found.

How does comprehension of passives develop? A comparison of actional and experiential verbs

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki Sudhalter ◽  
Martin D. S. Braine
Keyword(s):  
Sixth Graders ◽  
The Other ◽  
Partial Knowledge ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACTExperiment I required first, third, and sixth graders to identify the actor or experiencer from active and passive sentences with actional and three subclasses of experiential verbs. Actional passives were understood better than experientials, with no difference among the subcategories of experiential verbs, and no effect of verb frequency or regularity. Response distributions for each verb type did not show two populations of subjects – one knowing and the other not knowing the passive – but approximately unimodal distributions whose mean increased with age. Experiment II studied preschoolers. Again, the actional passives were systematically easier than the experientials, and again, for neither verb type did the response distributions show two distinct subject populations, one competent and the other incompetent. The forms of the distributions cannot be wholly accounted for by fluctuating attention to cues to passivization, but indicate that many children have partial knowledge of the passive (increasing with age). A hypothesis about the nature of this partial knowledge accounts for the gradual acquisition and the difference between the verb types.

The Sacred and the Scandal: On Religious References in Advertising

Tekstualia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-366
Author(s):  
Brygida Pawłowska-Jądrzyk
Keyword(s):  
Target Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Religious Symbols ◽  
The One ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

However we judge this fact, references to religion in contemporary advertisements serve as a persuasion device as much as, say, erotic motifs do. Their role is to encourage the consumer to purchase particular goods or services (or to adopt some attitude or conduct). Some forms of mass art, for example the cinema, have developed ways of evading sexual and religious taboos - for instance, using fi gures such as ellipsis or euphemisms in awkward contexts . However, the radically persuasive nature of advertising, the necessity to struggle through the information noise and to reach the widest possible target group lead to such a selection of motifs that, on the one hand, they overcome thinking routines and attract attention and, on the other, they carry clear message and stay in the memory better. For many, using religious symbols in a context any other than the traditional one immediately means profanation or blasphemy. However, internally heterogenic, contemporary culture successively broadens the range of traditions and it uses its language to express its own ideas and ideals. It seems that the process is unstoppable. Protests or prohibitions (especially rash and incautious ones) may only accelerate it, for, as we know, nothing helps advertising better than a scandal. This should motivate readers to think more about phenomena which evoke spontaneous objection or disrespect.

Plant productivity and persistence in mixed pastures containing lucerne at a range of densities with subterranean clover or phalaris

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (103) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
EC Wolfe ◽  
OR Southwood
Keyword(s):  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
Companion Plant ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Lucerne (Medicago sativa cv. Hunter River) was sown at three densities (rows spaced 17.5, 35 and 52.5 cm apart) in factorial combination with each of three cultivars of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum cw. Geraldton, Seaton Park and Woogenellup) and two of phalaris (a summer-dormant selection of P. aquatics, and a P. aquatica-P. arundinacea hybrid). All three clover cultivars were included in the lucerne-phalaris swards. After the establishment year, plant productivity and persistence in these mixtures were assessed under rotational grazing over the next three years. Lucerne density had little effect on the total seasonal or annual productivity of the swards. Lucerne grew and survived best with Geraldton clover and worst with the phalaris hybrid; total pasture yields reflected these differences in summer (two occasions) or autumn (one occasion) when lucerne was the dominant component. In winter, when lucerne grew slowly, the cultivar of clover was an important factor influencing total production. A mixed sward of lucerne and Seaton Park clover grew as well as or better than the other mixtures in winter, and occasionally in summer-autumn it was more productive than lucerne-phalaris, Seaton Park persisted with lucerne better than did any other companion plant.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

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