Lazarus and Group Psychotherapy: AIDS in the Era of Protease Inhibitors

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
George V. Gushue ◽  
Sarah J. Brazaitis
Keyword(s):  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Group Process ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
New Class ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

A new class of medications, protease inhibitors, has dramatically improved the health of many people with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This development has had a major impact on the lives of those affected by HIV/AIDS. This article considers how a group is affected by the larger systems of which it is a part. The article examines changes in the content, process, and salient leadership tasks of an ongoing therapy group for people with HIV and AIDS before and following the initial introduction of new medical treatments. It also considers how the group process continues to be affected by the more recent failure of these medications for many patients. Implications for research, practice, and training are discussed.

AIDS and Tennessee: An Overview of Guidelines Protecting Workers in Tennessee with HIV and AIDS

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Ann E. Hackerman
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Job Applicants ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

There has been a professed fear about having a coworker with AIDS. The workers feel threatened, the customers and clients boycott, and the employers are faced with numerous decisions, both morally and legally. The Harkin-Humphrey Amendment, which amended the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987, has made it illegal to discriminate against employees or job applicants with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). With this in mind, the Tennessee government offices are making strident efforts to educate and protect its citizens and workers from discrimination and harassment in regards to HIV and AIDS.

scholarly journals Stigma and discrimination within the Ethiopian health care settings: Views of inpatients living with human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Befekadu S. Wodajo ◽  
Gloria Thupayagale-Tshweneagae ◽  
Oluwaseyi A. Akpor
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

Background: Stigma and discrimination attached to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been recognised as a major obstacle to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support throughout the world. Stigma and discrimination are more devastating when they occur in health care settings where it is least expected.Aim: To explore the factors attributable to stigma and discrimination of people living with HIV in two Ethiopian rural hospitals on what they thought of health care professionals (HCPs) attending to them.Methods: A qualitative exploratory approach was used. Data collection was by means of audio-taped interview and Tesch’s content analysis approach was used. The sample size for this study was determined by saturation of data and consisted of 16 participants who were people living with HIV admitted as inpatients to the two selected hospitals in Amhara region of Ethiopia.Results: Participants’ views were grouped into: fear of contact, delay of services, substandard services, denial of care, impoliteness of health care providers, breach of confidentiality and poor patient follow-up for persons infected with HIV.Conclusion: The health care settings have been recognised as one of the contexts where HIV and AIDS-related stigmatisation and discrimination can occur. Hospital policies and institutional support should be tailored to embrace people living with HIV as the provision of institutional support is imperative in creating a good working environment and improving the commitment of HCPs so as to enable them to provide holistic care for people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) without discrimination.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome

2001 ◽  
Vol 356 (1410) ◽  
pp. 795-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. De Cock
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Ecological Association ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Hiv 1

Although acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first described in the USA in 1981, there is evidence that individual cases occurred considerably earlier in Central Africa, and serological and virological data show human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was present in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) as far back as 1959. It is likely that HIV–1 infection in humans was established from cross–species transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzees, but the circumstances surrounding this zoonotic transfer are uncertain. This presentation will review how causality is established in epidemiology, and review the evidence (a putative ecological association) surrounding the hypothesis that early HIV–1 infections were associated with trials of oral polio vaccine (OPV) in the DRC. From an epidemiological standpoint, the OPV hypothesis is not supported by data and the ecological association proposed between OPV use and early HIV/AIDS cases is unconvincing. It is likely that Africa will continue to dominate global HIV and AIDS epidemiology in the near to medium–term future, and that the epidemic will evolve over many decades unless a preventive vaccine becomes widely available.

Nutrition and HIV infection. A continuum of care

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Elbein
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

Nutrition is a fundamental intervention in the early and ongoing treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. Nutrition therapy, in coordination with other medical interventions, can extend and improve the quality and quantity of life in individuals infected with HIV and living with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The author reviews the current literature and practice for nutrition use in the treatment of patients with HIV and AIDS.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Audiovisual Media Intervention Aku Bangga Aku Tahu on Knowledge in Practices in Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Transmission in Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T2) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Nuramalia Nuramalia ◽  
Ida Leida Maria ◽  
Nurhaedar Jafar ◽  
Aminuddin Syam
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Audiovisual Media ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

BACKGROUND: Educational media is a very important component as a means of interaction, one of which is audiovisual media. Health education through audiovisual media, I am proud I know (ABAT) is expected to be able to increase knowledge comprehensively about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIM: This study aimed to determine the effect of ABAT audiovisual media on HIV and AIDS knowledge of school adolescents in Makassar City. METOHDS: The research design uses quasi experimental approach with the design of the nonequivalent control group design. Sampling using a random sampling technique, as many as 96 adolescents. RESULTS: The results showed that the majority of respondents were in the age group of 17 years (49%), female sex (52%), and grade 12 level (51%). Based on the results of the Mann–Whitney U Test, there were differences in knowledge before and after the intervention of ABAT audiovisual media playback with a frequency of playback three times and once in the intervention group and the control group (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in adolescent knowledge about HIV and AIDS before and after the intervention. ABAT audiovisual media with playback frequency 3 times are more effective than once. Some comparison of counseling media is needed in order to better know the effectiveness of a media. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of ABAT audiovisual media on the knowledge of school adolescents can significantly improve HIV and AIDS before and after the intervention is given three times and one in Makassar City.

scholarly journals Risky sexual behaviour and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) among healthcare workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Khamisa ◽  
Maboe Mokgobi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Healthcare Workforce ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

Background: South Africa is known to have one of the highest prevalence rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) globally, with one in seven healthcare workers being HIV-positive. An HIV-positive healthcare workforce is less equipped to respond to the increasing spread of the epidemic.Objectives: Assessment of the factors contributing to high HIV prevalence rates among healthcare workers is important in planning the development of human resources. This review sought to identify and understand predominant risky sexual behaviours among healthcare workers in HIV and AIDS-affected countries.Methods: This study reviewed articles focusing on sexual behaviour among healthcare workers. Major health science databases (e.g. ProQuest, Cochrane, PubMed and CINAHL) were searched for combinations of keywords including ‘healthcare workers’, ‘risky sexual behaviour’ and ‘HIV and AIDS’. Articles from a range of countries met inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Findings of the study revealed three main contributing factors: unprotected sex, multiple sex partners and sexual violence. Sexual violence emerged as the dominant risk factor in the majority of the studies. Most research was conducted in developed countries where the HIV infection rate is much lower than it is in developing countries.Conclusion: More research needs to be conducted in developing countries and appropriate strategies should be implemented to reduce sexual violence among healthcare workers. Appropriate procedures on reporting sexual violence coupled with education on HIV and AIDS as well as influencing attitudes and belief systems could assist in reducing the spread of HIV and AIDS within the healthcare workforce while minimising the effect on patient care.

scholarly journals Determinan Perilaku Tes HIV pada Ibu Hamil

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Nanik Setiyawati ◽  
Niken Meilani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Millenium Development Goals ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dan Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) merupakan salah satu sorotan dalam pencapaian target Millenium Development Goals (MDGs). Ibu hamil dengan HIV akan berisiko menularkan kepada bayinya. Tes HIV merupakan gerbang pembuka status HIV yang sangat penting dilakukan pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan determinan perilaku tes HIV pada ibu hamil yaitu tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi kerentanan diri tertular HIV, sikap, Provider-Initiated Testing and Counselling (PITC) dan ketersediaan sumber informasi (keluarga dan kader kesehatan). Jenis penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan metode survei. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Puskesmas Mantrijeron dan Puskesmas Sleman yang telah memiliki sarana pemeriksaan tes HIV dan telah menjalankan program Pencegahan Penularan dari Ibu ke Anak (PPIA). Subjek penelitian adalah ibu hamil yang berkunjung ke puskesmas tersebut pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan Oktober 2014 yang berjumlah 54 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis yang digunakan univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan tingkat pendidikan, tingkatpengetahuan tentang HIV dan AIDS, persepsi kerentanan diri dan sikap ibu. Ada hubungan antara PITC, ketersediaan sumber informasi tentang HIV dan AIDS dari keluarga dan kader kesehatan dengan perilaku tes HIV pada ibu hamil. PITC merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap perilaku tes HIV pada ibu hamil.Determinant of HIV Testing Behavior among Pregnant WomenHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of highlighted issues in accomplishing Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) target. Pregnant women with HIV will transmit the virus to their babies. HIV testing is such an opening gate of HIV status that is very important to be conducted on pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the determinant of HIV testing behaviour among pregnant women including education level, knowledge level, perception of selfvulnerability to be HIV-infected, attitudes, Provider-Initiated Testing and Counseling (PITC) and availability of information (family and health workers). This study was cross sectional using a survey method. This study was conducted in Mantrijeron and Sleman Primary Health Care that had HIV testing facilities and executed prevention of mother to child transmission program. The subjects of this study were pregnant women visiting such primary health care on August up to October 2014, as much as 54 people. Data collecting used questionnaire. Analysed used were univariate, biviariate, and multivariate. The results showed no relation between educational level, knowledge level about HIV and AIDS, perception of self-vulnerability and attitudes of women.There was a relation between PITC, information source availability about HIV and AIDS from the family and health workers with HIV testing behaviour among pregnant women. PITC is the most influencing variable toward HIV testing behaviour among pregnant women.

scholarly journals The origin of acquired immune deficiency syndrome: Darwinian or Lamarckian?

2001 ◽  
Vol 356 (1410) ◽  
pp. 877-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Burr ◽  
J. M. Hyman ◽  
Gerald Myers
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Darwinian Evolution ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Hiv 1

The subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV–1) group M exhibit a remarkable similarity in their between–subtype distances, which we refer to as high synchrony. The shape of the phylogenetic tree of these subtypes is referred to as a sunburst to distinguish it from a simple star phylogeny. Neither a sunburst pattern nor a comparable degree of symmetry is seen in a natural process such as in feline immunodeficiency virus evolution. We therefore have undertaken forward–process simulation studies employing coalescent theory to investigate whether such highly synchronized subtypes could be readily produced by natural Darwinian evolution. The forward model includes both classical (macro) and molecular (micro) epidemiological components. HIV–1 group M subtype synchrony is quantified using the standard deviation of the between–subtype distances and the average of the within–subtype distances. Highly synchronized subtypes and a sunburst phylogeny are not observed in our simulated data, leading to the conclusion that a quasi–Lamarckian, punctuated event occurred. The natural transfer theory for the origin of human acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cannot easily be reconciled with these findings and it is as if a recent non–Darwinian process took place coincident with the rise of AIDS in Africa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document