Gendered Pathways Into Co-Offending Among a Sample of Adult Burglary and Robbery Offenders

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1711-1739
Author(s):  
Susan McNeeley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
State Prisons ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Gendered Pathways

This study examines whether gender is related to co-offending. It also tests whether turning points throughout the life course influence co-offending in adulthood and whether these pathways into co-offending are gendered. The study utilizes a sample of 484 burglary and robbery offenses committed by 400 offenders incarcerated in Minnesota state prisons. Neither the presence of co-offenders nor the number of co-offenders varied by gender. However, women were more likely than men to act as accomplices and co-offend with romantic partners or family members. In addition, there was limited evidence that homelessness, abuse and victimization, substance abuse, and mental health problems were related to co-offending, and that these relationships varied by gender.

scholarly journals Investigating young adults’ mental health and early working life trajectories from a life course perspective: the role of transitions

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Bültmann ◽  
Iris Arends ◽  
Karin Veldman ◽  
Christopher B. McLeod ◽  
Sander K.R. van Zon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Life Trajectories

BackgroundMany young adults leave the labour market because of mental health problems or never really enter it, through early moves onto disability benefits. Across many countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, between 30% and 50% of all new disability benefit claims are due to mental health problems; among young adults this moves up to 50%–80%.OutlineWe propose a research agenda focused on transitions in building young adults’ mental health and early working life trajectories, considering varying views for subgroups of a society. First, we briefly review five transition characteristics, then we elaborate a research agenda with specific research questions.Research agendaOur research agenda focuses on transitions as processes, in time and place and as sensitive periods, when examining young adults’ mental health and early working life trajectories from a life course perspective. As more and more childhood and adolescent cohorts mature and facilitate research on later life labour market, work and health outcomes, transition research can help guide policy and practice interventions.Future cross-disciplinary researchIn view of the many challenges young adults face when entering the changing world of work and labour markets, future research on transitions in young adults related to their mental health and early working life trajectories will provide ample opportunities for collaborative cross-disciplinary research and stimulate debate on this important challenge.

scholarly journals Drug use and criminality among unaccompanied refugee minors: a review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Karin Ivert ◽  
Mia-Maria Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
International Research ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Unaccompanied Refugee Minors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Refugee Minors

Purpose Organisations working with children have acknowledged that unaccompanied refugee minors (URM) across Europe are exposed to environments and situations that put them at risk for becoming addicted to drugs or becoming involved in crime. The purpose of this paper is to study an examination of existing international research concerning URM and of whether, and if so how, issues relating to drug use and criminality among these children are discussed in the international literature. Design/methodology/approach A literature review was conducted using PsycINFO, PubMed, Sociological abstracts and ERIC databases, which together cover the social and behavioural science and also medicine. Findings Findings from the present review show that the issues of drug abuse and criminality among URM are rarely acknowledged in the international research literature. When the occurrence of substance abuse and/or criminality is discussed, it is often in relation to mental health problems and in terms of self-medication, i.e. that alcohol or drugs are used by the URM to cope with painful experiences or mental health problems, and also with the challenges of integrating into a new society, difficulties finding work, unsuitable living conditions and a lack of social support. Originality/value This review shows that several researchers have emphasised that untreated mental health problems, stressful living conditions and a lack of support and control might put these children at risk for substance abuse and criminality, and this suggests a need for further research in this area.

scholarly journals ‘A Walk 21/1/35’: a psychiatric-psychoanalytic fragment meets the new walking studies

2020 ◽  
pp. 147447402095625
Author(s):  
Sarah Phelan ◽  
Chris Philo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Domestic Sphere ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Analytic Sessions

This paper reconstructs a fragment of psychiatric-psychoanalytical geography, interfacing it with the ‘new walking studies’, centring on a walk conducted in 1935 by a man experiencing mental health problems in Glasgow, Scotland. This man, a patient of the psychiatrist Thomas Ferguson Rodger, had mobility problems that rendered walking difficult – prone to stumbling, staggering, wavering – but with the likelihood of these problems being psychosomatic in origin. Through analytic sessions enacting a kind of ‘make-do’ psychoanalysis, the patient reflected on his mobility problems, as when relating his own walking ‘experiment’. Explanations advanced for his difficulties mixed psychoanalytic tropes with a gathering self-awareness of how fraught childhood experiences, had created the frame for an adult existence continually shying away from wider encounters and challenges beyond the domestic sphere. Central here was forward momentum being lost, whether walking or advancing through a life-course, with material and metaphoric senses of being stalled or stuck – spatially, environmentally – constantly entraining one another. This case study is deployed to illustrate claims about the ‘worlding’ of psychoanalysis, and to offer provocations for how such a psychiatric-psychoanalytic geography fragment might be illuminated by work on the cultural geographies of walking.

scholarly journals Relationship duration and mental health outcomes: findings from a 30-year longitudinal study

2011 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheree J. Gibb ◽  
David M. Fergusson ◽  
L. John Horwood
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Equation Approach ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Relationship Duration ◽  
Legal Relationship

BackgroundMarriage is known to be associated with improved mental health, but little research has examined whether the duration of a cohabiting relationship is associated with mental health.AimsTo examine the associations between relationship duration and mental health problems in a birth cohort of 30-year-olds.MethodAssociations between relationship duration and mental health were examined using a generalised estimating equation approach. Associations were adjusted for covariates, including prior mental health problems.ResultsLonger relationship duration was significantly associated with lower rates of depression, suicidal behaviour and substance abuse/dependence, even after adjustment for covariates. In most cases the associations did not vary with gender. Legal relationship status (legally or de facto married) was not significantly related to mental health once due allowance was made for relationship duration.ConclusionsIncreasing relationship duration, but not legal relationship status, has a protective effect on mental health for men and women.

scholarly journals Adversity Over the Life Course: A Comparison Between Women and Men Who Died by Suicide

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Séguin ◽  
Guy Beauchamp ◽  
Charles-Édouard Notredame
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Life Course

Purpose: This study sets out to compare the presence of life events across different domains throughout the life course which may contribute to the burden of adversity experienced differently among men and women who died by suicide.Method: In a sample of 303 individuals (213 men and 90 women), data was derived from extensive clinical interviews conducted with informants. Models allowed the identification of patterns of life trajectories.Results: Overall, the burden of adversity was similar across the life course except for the 5–9, 25–29, and 30–34 age ranges, where a significant difference appeared between genders [t-test = 2.13 (p < 0.05), 2.16 (p < 0.05) and 3.08 (p < 0.005), respectively] that seems to disadvantage women. The early adversities of violence and neglect, between 0 and 19 years old, are important for both groups. During the life course, women were more exposed to interpersonal adverse events such as being victims of negligence and violence, relational difficulties or abuse from their spouse, as well as tension with their own children. Men encountered more academic difficulties, legal entanglements and financial difficulties, and were more than three times more likely to develop an alcohol/drug abuse problem than women.Conclusions: The data suggests some gender differences in exposure to longstanding and severe life problems contributing to suicide vulnerability. For women, the continuing burden emerges from chronic interpersonal adversities, whereas, for men, the adverse events are to a larger degree socially exposed, compounded with alcohol misuse. The adversities, especially those of a public or social nature, may be witnessed by others, which should favor the detection of vulnerability over the life course, and psychosocial or mental health services should be offered and provided earlier during the life course. Yet more men die by suicide than women. Resiliency and protective factors may benefit women to a greater degree. Future research should tackle the challenge of investigating these important elements. Meanwhile, from a public health perspective, access to psychosocial and mental health services and social acceptability of seeking services should be part of an ongoing effort in all institutional structures as a way of decreasing downstream mental health problems and vulnerability to suicide.

scholarly journals Causal accounts as a consequential device in categorizing mental health and substance abuse problems

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvi Maaria Raitakari ◽  
Kirsi Günther ◽  
Kirsi Juhila ◽  
Sirpa Saario
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Supported Housing ◽  
Causal Account ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Team Meetings ◽  
Good Mental Health ◽  
The Relationship

Professionals in human service work are at the centre of complicated client cases. The ways client cases are constructed and the problems explained form the basis for professionals’ assessments, decisions, actions and interventions. In this article the ways professionals make sense of dual-diagnosis client cases are examined. Applying the concept of causal accounting, it is argued that ‘theories of cause’ are embedded in professional discourse and profoundly shape professionals’ understandings of social and health problems, as well as of their own roles and responsibilities and of what interventions and outcomes are possible. The data consist of 48 tape-recorded weekly team meetings among professionals in a supported housing unit targeted for clients with both mental health and substance abuse problems. It was found that professionals reason about the relationship between these two problems in four different ways: (1) substance abuse causes or makes mental health problems worse; (2) substance abuse eases mental health problems; (3) mental health problems cause or make substance abuse worse; or (4) good mental health reduces substance abuse. Causal account research makes visible the ways professionals do institutional work by categorizing clients, accounting for responsibilities as well as assessing their work and clients’ achievements according to moral expectations of a ‘good’ professional and a worthy client.

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