Public Spaces and Concentrations of Child Labourers in Ibadan Municipality, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 002190962098874
Author(s):  
Amos Oluwole Taiwo ◽  
Adewumi Israel Badiora ◽  
Temitope Muyiwa Adebara
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Direct Counting ◽  
The Relationship

Against the background of the solution-defying incidence of child labourers in Nigerian cities, this study examined the relationship between public spaces and incidence of child labourers in Ibadan Municipality, Nigeria. Data were obtained through direct counting of child labourers and cursory observation of the physical and environmental compositions of their places of operation. The direct counting was conducted for seven days of the week in the morning, afternoon and evening within defined activity-nuclei purposively selected across three densities of residential areas of the municipality: high, medium and low. The data collected were subjected to descriptive statistics. Findings showed that the incidence and categories of child labourers varied with public spaces and density of residential areas, and also followed the concentric, sector and multiple nuclei theories of urban land use. The study, therefore, recommended that urban planners and government have roles to play in offering lasting solution to the menace of child labour.

scholarly journals Land-Use Change and Health Risks in the Process of Urbanization: A Spatiotemporal Interpretation of a Typical Case in Changzhou, China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 820
Author(s):  
Dongyang Yang ◽  
Chao Ye ◽  
Jianhua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Urban Land Expansion ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The Relationship

China has undergone rapid urban expansion in recent decades. At the same time, environmental pollution and its risk to public health have increased. However, the relationship between urban land-use changes and health is ambiguous and insufficiently understood. Based on a typical city-scale case—namely, Changzhou, China—this research aimed to interpret the evolution of health risks alongside land-use change during the process of urbanization. We gathered data from multiple sources, including population mortality data, socioeconomic data, remote-sensing images, data for the points of interest of enterprises, and relevant information on environmental health events and cancers. The results showed that Changzhou’s urbanization was typical insofar as it was characterized by massive growth in industry, a rapid increase in the urban population, and urban land expansion. Health risks related to environmental pollution increased considerably with urban land expansion over time, and they increased with proximity to the pollution. The results from a generalized linear model confirmed that Changzhou’s urbanization triggered increasing health risks. Our study interpreted the relationship between urban land expansion and health risks from a spatiotemporal perspective. It can be used as a reference for urban planning and policymaking with regard to urban environmental health.

scholarly journals Social Sensing for Urban Land Use Identification

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 550
Author(s):  
Adindha Anugraha ◽  
Hone-Jay Chu ◽  
Muhammad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Land Use Classification ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Social Sensing ◽  
Land Use Maps

The utilization of urban land use maps can reveal the patterns of human behavior through the extraction of the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of urban land use. Remote sensing that holds detailed and abundant information on spectral, textual, contextual, and spatial configurations is crucial to obtaining land use maps that reveal changes in the urban environment. However, social sensing is essential to revealing the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of urban land use. This data mining approach is related to data cleaning/outlier removal and machine learning, and is used to achieve land use classification from remote and social sensing data. In bicycle and taxi density maps, the daytime destination and nighttime origin density reflects work-related land uses, including commercial and industrial areas. By contrast, the nighttime destination and daytime origin density pattern captures the pattern of residential areas. The accuracy assessment of land use classified maps shows that the integration of remote and social sensing, using the decision tree and random forest methods, yields accuracies of 83% and 86%, respectively. Thus, this approach facilitates an accurate urban land use classification. Urban land use identification can aid policy makers in linking human activities to the socioeconomic consequences of different urban land uses.

Mediating effect of stream geometry on the relationship between urban land use and biological index

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinah Kim ◽  
Kyung-Jin An ◽  
Soon-Jin Hwang ◽  
Gilson Hwang ◽  
Dong-Oug Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Biological Index ◽  
The Relationship

Rough Set-Based Research on the Relationship between Traffic Road and Urban Land Use Expansion

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 791-796
Author(s):  
Feng CAO ◽  
Hairong SONG ◽  
Yong GE ◽  
Deyu LI
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rough Set ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
The Relationship

Trip-Generation Forecasting Model Based on Entropy of Land-Use Mixing

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 479-482
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Kuan Min Chen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Trip Generation ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Full Consideration

This study aimed to modify the traditional method of trip-generation by investigating the relation between trip generation and land use. Based on the interaction between urban land-use sorts and trip generation, the trip generation weights among different urban land-use sorts are determined by multiple regression analysis. Given full consideration of the land-use mixing degree, the entropy of traffic-zone-land-use mixing was calculated. An improved trip-generation model based on the entropy of land-use mixing was proposed by analyzing the relationship between trip-generation weight and land-use mixing degree. This method was tested through applying it to Xi’an urban trip generation forecasting. The result of the test shows that this method effectively illustrates the correlation between trip-generation demand and land-use mix sort, and has a better application prospect due to simple calculation, high reliability and feasibility.

scholarly journals Urban land use effect analysis on the level of noise pollution using satellite and GIS technologies: A case study in Tehran city

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
The Relationship

<p>We utilized satellite and GIS technologies to address the relationship between urban land uses and Noise Pollution (NP) in one of the most crowded regions of Tehran city. Leq was determined in 170 stations of the studied area and an acoustic map was created. Moreover, using satellite remote sensing data and a land use map, the density map for nine types of the most important urban land use was provided and the relationship between different land use densities and NP was investigated. We found that the investigated region was highly polluted and the NP level was higher in the morning (76.29±5.61 dB[A]) and afternoon (76.46±4.88 dB[A]) in comparison to the noon period. Furthermore, the prepared acoustic map revealed that in the east and southwest of the studied area, the NP was highest and lowest, respectively. Also, cultural (73.48±4.7 dB[A]) and parking (79.02±4.3 dB[A]) areas had the lowest and highest levels of Leq. Also, the high density of road, commercial, industrial, mixed commercial and residential and parking land uses had a direct significant relationship with Leq and this relation was inverse for green space. It was concluded that land use variations significantly affect the NP levels and it can be utilized to predict and manage the NP in different cities.</p>

scholarly journals Technical note: Emission mapping of key sectors in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam using satellite derived urban land-use data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trang Thi Quynh Nguyen ◽  
Wataru Takeuchi ◽  
Prakhar Misra
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Local Emission

Abstract. Emission inventories are important for both simulating pollutant concentrations and designing emission mitigation policies. Ho Chi Minh city (HCMC) is the biggest city in Vietnam but lacks of an updated spatial emission inventory. In this study, we propose a new approach to compile a comprehensive spatial emission inventory for major Short lived climate pollutants (SLCP) and Green house gases (GHG) (SO2, NOx, CO, NMVOC, PM10, PM2.5, BC, OC, NH3, CH4, N2O, and CO2) Our originality is the use of satellite derived urban land-use morphological maps which allow spatial disaggregation of emissions. Based on this approach, a comparable and consistent local emission inventory (EI) for HCMC has been prepared, including three key sectors as a successor of previous EIs. It provides annual emissions of transportation, manufacturing industries and construction and residential sectors at 1 km resolution. The target years are from 2009 to 2016. We consider both Scope 1 – all direct emissions from the activities occurring within the city and Scope 2 that is indirect emissions from electricity purchased. Transportation sector was found to be the most dominant emission sector in HCMC followed by Manufacturing industries, and Residential area, responsible for over 682 Gg CO, 84.8 Gg NOx, 20.4 Gg PM10 and 22 000 Gg CO2 emitted in 2016. Due to sharp rise in vehicle population, CO, NOx, SO2 and CO2 traffic emissions show increases of 80 %, 160 %, 150 % and 103 % respectively between 2009 and 2016. Among five vehicle types, motorcycle contributed around 95 % to total CO emission, 14 % to total NOx emission and 50–60 % to CO2 emission. Heavy vehicles are the biggest emission source of NOx, SO2 and PM while personal cars are the largest contributors to NMVOC and CO2. Electricity consumption accounts for the majority of emissions from Manufacturing industry and Residential sectors. We also found that Scope 2 emissions from manufacturing industry and residential areas in 2016 increased by 87 % and 45 % respectively in comparison with 2009. Spatial emission disaggregation reveals that central business districts like Quan 1, Quan 4 and Quan 7 express the highest emission intensities, which is over 1900 times of sub urban HCMC. Our estimates show relative agreement with several local inherent EIs, in terms of total amount of emission and sharing ratio among elements of EI. However, the big gap was observed when comparing with REASv2.1, a regional EI, which mainly applied national statistical data. This spatial emission inventory benefits not only proposing solutions to reduce anthropogenic emissions but also the simulation of pollution concentrations in city scale. Using our proposed method, the local emission maps in HCMC can be continuously updated and improved in the future.

scholarly journals Monitoring Settlements Growth and Development in Algiers City Eastern Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azzeddine Bellout ◽  
Eric Vaz ◽  
Bruno Damásio
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Monitoring change detection in urban land use/land use is essential as it pertains to one of the main environmental change drivers, leading to urban pressures impacting cultivated areas. Algiers' eastern area is one of the critical areas of Algiers' state, and it is affected by the growth and development of the composing residential areas. This research aims to analyze the current issues, including aspects of land use, residential patterns, residential development directions, and characteristics of the communities in residential growth areas. We used Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) data as the primary data source, and maps and statistical data as the secondary. The annual growth of urban land has been studied over the past six years in Algiers' eastern area. Descriptive statistics and spatial analysis allowed assessing the data further. Results indicate that there has been a 100% expansion of the residential regions during the decade from 2014 to 2020. Population in the expansion areas increased by 2%. Future studies should understand the impact of rapid urban lands on social, economic, and environmental sustainability. It will also close the gap between currently available data sources, especially regarding the lack of reliable data and environmental and urban planning for Algiers' municipality. This aids directly in developing experimental models to predict future changes of land with great statistical confidence.

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