The Co-occurrence of Reading Disorder and ADHD

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris C. Sexton ◽  
Heather L. Gelhorn ◽  
Jill A. Bell ◽  
Peter M. Classi
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Academic Failure ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficits ◽  
Reading Disorder ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
High Degree

The co-occurrence of reading disorder (RD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has received increasing attention. This review summarizes the epidemiology, treatment strategies, psychosocial impact, and economic burden associated with the co-occurrence of these conditions. Common genetic and neuropsychological deficits may partially explain the high degree of overlap between RD and ADHD. Children who face the additive problems of both disorders are at greater risk for academic failure, psychosocial consequences, and poor long-term outcomes that persist into adulthood. However, few studies have evaluated interventions targeted to this patient population, underscoring the importance of identifying effective multimodal treatments that address the neuropsychological deficits of RD and ADHD through carefully planned clinical research.

scholarly journals Peer Rejection and Friendships in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Contributions to Long-Term Outcomes

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Mrug ◽  
Brooke S. G. Molina ◽  
Betsy Hoza ◽  
Alyson C. Gerdes ◽  
Stephen P. Hinshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Peer Rejection ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Treatment strategies and long-term outcomes for primary intramedullary spinal germinomas: an institutional experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wu ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Xiaofeng Deng ◽  
Chenlong Yang ◽  
Jingyi Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Institutional Experience

scholarly journals Short- and long-term outcomes of treatment strategies for isolated penetrating aortic ulcers (PAUs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. e31
Author(s):  
Safa Salim ◽  
Rossella Locci ◽  
Guy Martin ◽  
Rick Gibbs ◽  
Michael Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Short And Long Term

Ebola and Other Filoviruses

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Bebell
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Marburg Virus ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Pediatric Vaccination

Congenital and pediatric Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Marburg virus disease (MVD) are severe, even lethal infections. Historically, children have been underrepresented in filovirus disease outbreaks, and evidence-based treatment strategies are lacking. Existing data suggest that case fatalities are highest among children under four years of age, which is partially explained by higher virus concentrations in young children. Prevention and aggressive resuscitation, nutrition, and supportive care are the mainstays of management until filovirus-specific therapies can be developed. Differences in pediatric immune and inflammatory responses may necessitate unique approaches to pediatric vaccination and treatment. There are minimal safety or immunogenicity data in children, a crucial knowledge gap that must be addressed in future trials. Studying pediatric survivors of the 2014–2016 West Africa EVD outbreak will provide much-needed data on long-term outcomes and residual effects of filovirus disease while we await effective filovirus-specific vaccines and therapies.

ADHD and reading disorder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik G. Willcutt
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Reading Disorder ◽  
Community Studies ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed ◽  
Shared Genetic

This chapter provides an overview of current knowledge regarding the frequency, implications, and aetiology of comorbidity between ADHD and reading disorder (RD), a common childhood disorder that is defined by significant underachievement in reading. Results from community studies indicate that 20–50% of individuals with ADHD also meet criteria for RD, and the presence of comorbid RD is associated with increased functional impairment and less positive long-term outcomes. Family and twin studies indicate that RD and ADHD are both significantly familial and heritable, and multivariate analyses indicate that nearly all of the phenotypic covariance between RD and ADHD is due to shared genetic influences that are associated with slower and more variable cognitive processing speed. Key future directions include studies that incorporate a broader range of measures of reading and more sophisticated neuropsychological and neuroimaging phenotypes, along with studies of the treatment implications of comorbidity between ADHD and RD.

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