Emerging Role of Technology Licensing in the Development of Global Product Strategy: Conceptual Framework and Research Propositions

1996 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Kotabe ◽  
Arvind Sahay ◽  
Preet S. Aulakh
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Product Market ◽  
Technology Licensing ◽  
Product Strategy ◽  
Mode Of Entry ◽  
Industry Level ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Research Propositions

In the context of mode of entry into new markets, existing theory tends to identify technology licensing as a step toward or an alternative to wholly owned subsidiaries. However, recent trends in technology licensing indicate that technology licensing is used increasingly as a conscious, proactive component of a technology-based firm's global product strategy. The authors present a conceptual framework from the licensor's perspective on technology licensing by combining the existing literature and licensing practices in industry to identify the antecedent product market, industry level, and resource-based factors that lead to technology licensing. They also present propositions on how these factors affect technology licensing and conclude by linking technology licensing to different dimensions of a firm's product strategy.

scholarly journals Immer Ärger mit der Materialität? – Politische Ökologie und das Dispositiv der Dürre im Nordosten Brasiliens

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
The Political ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Political Character

Abstract. While the role of materiality was understudied in most social sciences, there was a sensibility for these issues in political ecology. The different approaches of political ecology focused on the political character of ecology and the ecological (and thus material) character of politics. But a conceptual framework that captures the different dimensions of the societal nature relations was seldom explicitly elaborated. Following the considerations of Michel Foucault, this article explores whether dispositive analysis as a concept and as a method offers a way to integrate both social and material conditions into studies of political ecology. By examining water infrastructure and the dispositive of drought in Northeastern Brazil, this paper displays how dispositive analysis is a means to identify different elements, their autonomies as well as their interconnectedness. Focusing on the entanglements of discourses, institutionalizations, subjectivity, practices and materiality allows capturing the materiality of discourses and the discursivity of material orders.

Technology Strategies in the Knowledge Economy: The Licensing Activity of Himont

2003 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 223-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Cesaroni
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Product Market ◽  
Technology Licensing ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Chemical Companies ◽  
Market For Technology ◽  
Technology Strategies

The exchange of technologies and technological knowledge — through joint-ventures, partnerships, licensing, cross-licensing, R&D contracts — and the upsurge of markets for technology are main features of the "knowledge-based" economy. Accordingly, companies are gradually changing their aptitude towards technology trading and exchange. This paper discusses the extent of technology licensing in chemicals, and considers the licensing strategies adopted by large chemical companies. Specifically, by analysing the case of Himont — widely involved in licensing its process technology — this paper explores the motivations for technology licensing, the managerial solutions that Himont adopted for licensing its technology, and the implications of this strategy in terms of antitrust policy. One of the main results emerging from the analysis is the role of external technology suppliers. By increasing the potential competition in the downstream product market, they create incentives for incumbent firms to license-out their technologies, and earn additional profits in the market for technology.

Role of Social Business in Developing Countries: A Conceptual Framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-700
Author(s):  
Mohammed Salim Bhuyan ◽  
Valliappan Raju ◽  
Siew Poh Phung
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Social Business

Role of Panchakarma in management of Gridhrasi

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imlikumba . ◽  
Parappagoudra Mahesh ◽  
BA Lohith ◽  
K Singha ◽  
S Lalravi
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Main Complaint ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Back Ache ◽  
Different Dimensions

Panchakarma is a fruitful measure and its extensive efficacies are classified in different dimensions to cure different types of complicated diseases. Vamana, Virechana, Niruha, Anuvasana and Nasya are the five procedures and subsequently even Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya and Rakta Mokshana are broadly termed as Panchakarma in day to day practices.The new diseases are evolving with intense gravity and therefore to combat those, Panchakarma is a very effective measure. In present era competition and advancement have led to hectic and stressful life, man has eventually forgotten the absolute enjoyment and solitary affection of nature and as a result is facing many health problems. Gridhrasi is no exception, it is correlated to sciatica in modern science where low back ache radiating to toes in the lateral aspect of the thigh associated with stiffness is the main complaint.

Childhood Weight Management for School Health Nurses and School Children in Malaysia: A conceptual framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (13) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Norimah Said ◽  
Norazmir Md Nor ◽  
Siti Sabariah Buhari ◽  
Siti Khuzaimah Ahmad Sharoni
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
School Children ◽  
School Health ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Childhood Weight

In developing an effective Chidhood weight management, it needs to be based on a theory. The Social Cognitive theory (SCT) and Urie Bronfenbrenner model with integrated Kolb's model of Learning Styles and Experiential Learning is used in this study to modify and make changes to the personal factor influences such as knowledge, attitude and expectations, behavior modification and environmental influences among overweight and obese school children. The aim of this study is to provide a new model for the professional development role of the nurses in the School Health Program (SHP) and health education promotion towards obese school children to improve their quality of life. Furthermore, in this study SHP and future health education and promotion are integrated with the role of SHN to facilitate the effective management of childhood obesity. Keywords: obesity; school children; school nurses; conceptual framework;weight management eISSN 2514-7528 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v4i13.331

COMPLEMENTARY PRODUCT CATEGORIZATION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE MAKE, BUY, AND ALLY DECISION: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150006
Author(s):  
YAMUNA BABURAJ ◽  
DANIEL TZABBAR ◽  
VADAKE NARAYANAN
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Technology Strategy ◽  
Knowledge Capital ◽  
Complementary Products ◽  
Personal Computing ◽  
Complementary Product ◽  
Computing Industry ◽  
Different Dimensions

The role of complementary products is becoming increasingly important in facilitating innovation and has become a pivotal aspect of an organisation’s technology strategy. To address the lack of a useful framework that captures the different dimensions of product complementarity, this paper proposes a categorization for complementary products centered on user engagement. Based on a sample of 305 make, buy, and ally decisions for 32 primary product firms in the Personal Computing industry, this paper explores the influence of the proposed categorization on its strategy decision for developing complementary products. Results suggest a nuanced categorization of product complementarity adds value to explaining the decision, with the firm’s knowledge capital having a non-trivial influence on it. This paper endeavors to contribute to the literature on platform innovation by examining significance of inter-product relationships on strategy.

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