The Price Elasticity of Selective Demand: A Meta-Analysis of Econometric Models of Sales

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard J. Tellis
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Temporal Aggregation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Product Categories

The author describes a meta-analysis of econometric studies that estimated the elasticity of selective sales or market share to price. The literature review yielded 367 suitable price elasticities from about 220 different brands/markets. The results indicate that the price elasticity is significantly negative and, in absolute value, eight times larger than the advertising elasticity obtained from a prior meta-analysis. The omission of distribution or quality, the use of only cross-sectional data, and temporal aggregation lead to severe biases in the estimates of price elasticity. The elasticity also differs significantly over the brand life cycle, product categories, estimation methods, and countries.

GAMBLING DEMAND: A META-ANALYSIS OF THE PRICE ELASTICITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Craig Arthur Gallet
Keyword(s):  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Casino Gambling ◽  
Horse Racing ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Price Elasticities ◽  
Casino Gaming ◽  
Model Features ◽  
Price Responsiveness

Many studies have examined the demand for gambling, providing roughly 200 estimates of the price elasticity associated with horse racing, casino gaming, and the lottery.  Treating these price elasticities as observations of the dependent variable in a meta-regression model, several features of the literature are found to influence the price responsiveness of gambling.  For instance, the price elasticity of casino gambling is lowest in absolute value, while the price elasticities of horse racing and the lottery are of similar value.  Also, not only are there regional differences in the price elasticity of gambling, but other model features, such as the functional form of gambling demand, are found to influence the price elasticities. 

New Empirical Generalizations on the Determinants of Price Elasticity

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammo H.A. Bijmolt ◽  
Harald J. Van Heerde ◽  
Rik G.M. Pieters
Keyword(s):  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Price Elasticities ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Pricing Decisions ◽  
Null Result ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Empirical Generalizations

The importance of pricing decisions for firms has fueled an extensive stream of research on price elasticities. In an influential meta-analytical study, Tellis (1988) summarized price elasticity research findings until 1986. However, empirical generalizations on price elasticity require modifications because of (1) changes in market characteristics (i.e., characteristics of brands, product categories, and economic conditions) and (2) changes in the research methodology used to assess price elasticities. Therefore, the authors present a meta-analysis of price elasticity with new empirical generalizations on its determinants. Across a set of 1851 price elasticities based on 81 studies, the average price elasticity is −2.62. A salient finding is that over the past four decades, sales elasticities have significantly increased in magnitude, whereas share and choice elasticities have remained fairly constant. The authors find that accommodating price endogeneity has a strong (magnitude-increasing) impact on price elasticities. A striking null result is that accounting for heterogeneity does not affect elasticities significantly. The authors also present an analysis that explains the difference between their findings and Tellis's findings, and they indicate which new price elasticity studies are most desirable.

scholarly journals Association between fish consumption and risk of dementia: a new study from China and a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1921-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aishat T Bakre ◽  
Ruoling Chen ◽  
Ranjit Khutan ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Tina Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association of fish consumption with risk of dementia and its dose–response relationship, and investigate variations in the association among low-, middle- and high-income countries.DesignA new community-based cross-sectional study and a systematic literature review.SettingsUrban and rural communities in China; population-based studies systematically searched from worldwide literature.SubjectsChinese adults aged ≥60 years in six provinces (n 6981) took part in a household health survey of dementia prevalence and risk factors. In addition, 33 964 participants from eleven published and eligible studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.ResultsIn the new study in China, 326 participants were diagnosed with dementia (4·7 %); those who consumed any amount of fish in the past two years v. those who consumed no fish had reduced risk of dementia (adjusted OR=0·73, 95 % CI 0·64, 0·99), but the dose–response relationship was not statistically significant. The meta-analysis of available data from the literature and the new study showed relative risk (RR) of dementia of 0·80 (95 % CI 0·74, 0·87) for people with fish consumption; the impact was similar among countries with different levels of income. Pooled dose–response data revealed RR (95 % CI) of 0·84 (0·72, 0·98), 0·78 (0·68, 0·90) and 0·77 (0·61, 0·98) in people with low, middle and high consumption of fish, respectively. Corresponding figures for Alzheimer’s disease were 0·88 (0·74, 1·04), 0·79 (0·65, 0·96) and 0·67 (0·58, 0·78), respectively.ConclusionsGreater consumption of fish is associated with a lower risk of dementia. Increasing fish consumption may help prevent dementia worldwide regardless of income level.

scholarly journals Green Brand Equity—Empirical Experience from a Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11130
Author(s):  
Hanna Górska-Warsewicz ◽  
Maciej Dębski ◽  
Michal Fabuš ◽  
Marián Kováč
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Brand Equity ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
General Information ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Trust Value ◽  
Product Categories

Our study aims to analyze factors determining the green brand equity (GBE) based on a systematic literature review (SLR) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. We posed 3 research questions and searched five databases (Scopus, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, EBSCO, and Elsevier) for studies containing the term ‘green brand equity’ and the combination of two terms: ‘brand equity’ and ‘green’. Additionally, the backward and forward snowballing methods were applied. In our SLR, we included empirical studies published between 2006 and 2021 as peer-reviewed papers in English. Exclusion criteria included studies with theoretical models, studies describing brand equity not related to GBE, Ph.D. thesis, short reports, workshop papers, practice guidelines, book chapters, reviews, and conference publications. Finally, 33 articles were analyzed as part of the SLR in two fields: general information (authorship, year of publication, type of study, research country or location, sample size, and product categories), and research specifications (factors or variables, number and type of hypotheses, scale or measurement items, type of statistical analysis, and selected indicators of statistical methods). Image, trust, value, satisfaction, and loyalty appeared to be the most studied determinants of GBE. Less frequently analyzed were quality, awareness, attributes, particular promotional activities, and the fact of purchase. The results obtained are important in practical terms, showing what to consider when creating GBE in different categories of products and services.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Tuberkulosis pada Anak

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad S. D. Wijaya ◽  
Max F. J. Mantik ◽  
Novie H. Rampengan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the biggest health problems worldwide due to high morbidity and mortality rates. Moreover, Indonesia has the third largest TB cases in the world after India and China. This study was aimed to evaluate the risk factors of TB in children. This was a literature review study using three databases, namely Google Scholar, ClinicalKey, and PubMed. The results showed that after being selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 10 literatures in this study consisting of 2 case control studies, 4 cross sectional studies, 1 difference test, 1 meta-analysis, 1 case report, and 1 cohort study. The 10 literatures reviewed factors or characteristics of age, sex, history of BCG immunization, malnutrition, history of contact with person suffering from TB, exposure to cigarette smoke, occupant density, and poverty. Risk factors obtained from the review were young age (0-5 years), male sex, malnutrition, history of contact, and poverty. The other risk factors specifically history of BCG immunization, exposure to cigarette smoke, and occupant density were still contradicting among literatures. In conclusion, the most dominant risk factor of TB in children is history of contact with person suffering from TB. Keywords: risk factors, tuberculosis, children.  Abstrak: Penyakit tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan terbesar di dunia dikarenakan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. selain itu Indonesia merupakan negara dengan kasus TB terbesar ketiga di dunia setelah India dan Tiongkok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi faktor risiko tuberkulosis pada anak. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review dengan menggunakan tiga database, yakni Google Scholar, ClinicalKey, dan PubMed. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa diseleksi dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, didapatkan 10 literatur yang terdiri dari 2 case control study, 4 cross sectional study, 1 uji beda, 1 meta-analysis, 1 case report, dan 1 cohort study. Sepuluh literatur ini mengulas tentang pengaruh faktor atau karakteristik terhadap TB ada anak, yaitu: usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat imunisasi BCG, malnutrisi, riwayat kontak dengan pengidap TB, asap rokok, kepadatan hunian, dan kemiskinan. Faktor-faktor risiko yang diperoleh ialah usia muda (0-5 tahun), jenis kelamin laki-laki, malnutrisi, riwayat kontak, dan kemiskinan dapat memengaruhi kejadian TB pada anak. Faktor-faktor risiko lainnya yakni riwayat imunisasi BCG, paparan asap rokok, dan kepadatan hunian masih kontradiktif antar literatur. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah faktor risiko yang paling dominan menyebabkan penyakit TB pada anak ialah riwayat kontak.Kata kunci: faktor risiko, tuberculosis pada anak

The association between dietary inflammatory index and risk of central obesity in adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 535-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi ◽  
Mahdi Vajdi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Obesity Indices

Abstract. Backgrounds: Central obesity, as a pivotal component of metabolic syndrome is associated with numerous co-morbidities. Dietary factors influence central obesity by increased inflammatory status. However, recent studies didn’t evaluate the association between central obesity and dietary inflammation index (DII®) that give score to dietary factors according to their inflammatory potential. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarized the studies that investigated the association between DII® with central obesity indices in the general populations. Methods: In a systematic search from PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Sciences and Cochrane electronic databases, we collected relevant studies written in English and published until 30 October 2019. The population of included studies were apparently healthy subjects or individuals with obesity or obesity-related diseases. Observational studies that evaluated the association between DII® and indices of central obesity including WC or WHR were included. Results: Totally thirty-two studies were included; thirty studies were cross-sectional and two were cohort studies with 103071 participants. Meta-analysis of observational studies showed that higher DII® scores were associated with 1.81 cm increase in WC (Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) = 1.813; CI: 0.785–2.841; p = 0.001). Also, a non-significant increase in the odds of having higher WC (OR = 1.162; CI: 0.95–1.43; p = 0.154) in the highest DII category was also observed. In subgroup analysis, the continent, dietary assessment tool and gender were the heterogeneity sources. Conclusion: The findings proposed that adherence to diets with high DII® scores was associated with increased WC. Further studies with interventional designs are necessary to elucidate the causality inference between DII® and central obesity indices.

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