scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Tuberkulosis pada Anak

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad S. D. Wijaya ◽  
Max F. J. Mantik ◽  
Novie H. Rampengan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the biggest health problems worldwide due to high morbidity and mortality rates. Moreover, Indonesia has the third largest TB cases in the world after India and China. This study was aimed to evaluate the risk factors of TB in children. This was a literature review study using three databases, namely Google Scholar, ClinicalKey, and PubMed. The results showed that after being selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 10 literatures in this study consisting of 2 case control studies, 4 cross sectional studies, 1 difference test, 1 meta-analysis, 1 case report, and 1 cohort study. The 10 literatures reviewed factors or characteristics of age, sex, history of BCG immunization, malnutrition, history of contact with person suffering from TB, exposure to cigarette smoke, occupant density, and poverty. Risk factors obtained from the review were young age (0-5 years), male sex, malnutrition, history of contact, and poverty. The other risk factors specifically history of BCG immunization, exposure to cigarette smoke, and occupant density were still contradicting among literatures. In conclusion, the most dominant risk factor of TB in children is history of contact with person suffering from TB. Keywords: risk factors, tuberculosis, children.  Abstrak: Penyakit tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan terbesar di dunia dikarenakan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. selain itu Indonesia merupakan negara dengan kasus TB terbesar ketiga di dunia setelah India dan Tiongkok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi faktor risiko tuberkulosis pada anak. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review dengan menggunakan tiga database, yakni Google Scholar, ClinicalKey, dan PubMed. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa diseleksi dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, didapatkan 10 literatur yang terdiri dari 2 case control study, 4 cross sectional study, 1 uji beda, 1 meta-analysis, 1 case report, dan 1 cohort study. Sepuluh literatur ini mengulas tentang pengaruh faktor atau karakteristik terhadap TB ada anak, yaitu: usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat imunisasi BCG, malnutrisi, riwayat kontak dengan pengidap TB, asap rokok, kepadatan hunian, dan kemiskinan. Faktor-faktor risiko yang diperoleh ialah usia muda (0-5 tahun), jenis kelamin laki-laki, malnutrisi, riwayat kontak, dan kemiskinan dapat memengaruhi kejadian TB pada anak. Faktor-faktor risiko lainnya yakni riwayat imunisasi BCG, paparan asap rokok, dan kepadatan hunian masih kontradiktif antar literatur. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah faktor risiko yang paling dominan menyebabkan penyakit TB pada anak ialah riwayat kontak.Kata kunci: faktor risiko, tuberculosis pada anak

scholarly journals Gejala Klinis dan Pemeriksaan Penunjang pada Neonatus Terinfeksi COVID-19

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Rampengan ◽  
Johnny Rompis ◽  
Valentine Umboh
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Laboratory Examinations

Abstract: COVID-19 is spreading at an extremely rapid rate and can affect all age groups, albeit, information about clinical symptoms and laboratory examinations of COVID-19 I in neonates is still quite limited. This study was aimed to determine the clinical symptoms, radiographic examinations especially CT-scans, and laboratory tests that could appear in neonates suffering from COVID-19. This was a literature review study using three databases, namely Pubmed, Clinical Key, and Google Scholar. The keywords used were Covid-19 / SARS-CoV-2 AND Neonatus AND sign and symptoms AND laboratory. The selection based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, obtained 15 case report studies, three retrospective studies, one observational study, and one cohort study. The review revealed that the most frequent clinical features that appeared were fever (54.8%), dyspnoea (35.4%), and cough (29%). Meanwhile, for CT-Scan radiographs, there were 14 of 31 neonates (45.2%) did not show any abnormalities or normal. The most frequent abnormal image was ground glass opacity (GGO) (29%). Among laboratory examinations, lymphopenia was the most common abnormality (32.2%). Moreover, leukocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, increased PCT, AST, etc. could also occur. Of all the reviewed literatures, there were no death cases of neonates died due to COVID-19. In conclusion, fever, dyspnea, cough, and lymphopenia are the most common findings as well as GGO in the CT-Scan radiograph.Keywords: COVID-19, neonates Abstrak: COVID-19 menyebar dengan sangat pesat dan dapat menjangkiti semua kelompok usia namun informasi mengenai gejala klinis dan pemeriksaan laboratorium terhadap kelompok neonatus masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran klinis, pemeriksaan radiografi khususnya CT-Scan, dan pemeriksaan laboratorium yang bisa muncul pada neonatus dengan COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan tiga database yaitu Pubmed, Clinical Key, dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu Covid-19/ SARS-CoV-2 AND Neonatus AND sign and symptom AND laboratory. Hasil seleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi mendapatkan 15 penelitian case report, tiga retrospective study, satu observational study, dan satu cohort study. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa gambaran klinis yang paling sering muncul ialah demam (54,8%), sesak (35,4%), dan batuk (29%). Pemeriksaan radiografi CT-Scan, neonatus yang tidak menunjukkan kelainan (normal) terdapat pada 14 dari 31 neonatus diamati (45,2%), sedangkan kelainan yang sering muncul ialah ground glass opacity/GGO (29%). Pada pemeriksaan laboratorium, limfopenia merupakan kelainan tersering (32,2%), sedangkan leukositosis, leukopenia, trombositopenia, peningkatan PCT, AST, dll juga bisa terjadi. Dari semua literatur yang dikaji, tidak ditemukan kasus kematian neonatus akibat COVID-19. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah gambaran klinis yang paling sering muncul pada neonatus ialah demam, sesak, dan batuk, limfopenia, dan GGO pada CT-Scan.Kata kunci: COVID-19, neonatus

scholarly journals Estimating Typhoid Fever Risk Associated with Lack of Access to Safe Water: A Systematic Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayalaxmi V. Mogasale ◽  
Enusa Ramani ◽  
Vittal Mogasale ◽  
Ju Yeon Park ◽  
Thomas F. Wierzba
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Unsafe Water

Background. Unsafe water is a well-known risk for typhoid fever, but a pooled estimate of the population-level risk of typhoid fever resulting from exposure to unsafe water has not been quantified. An accurate estimation of the risk from unsafe water will be useful in demarcating high-risk populations, modeling typhoid disease burden, and targeting prevention and control activities. Methods. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of observational studies that measured the risk of typhoid fever associated with drinking unimproved water as per WHO-UNICEF’s definition or drinking microbiologically unsafe water. The mean value for the pooled odds ratio from case-control studies was calculated using a random effects model. In addition to unimproved water and unsafe water, we also listed categories of other risk factors from the selected studies. Results. The search of published studies from January 1, 1990, to December 31, 2013 in PubMed, Embase, and World Health Organization databases provided 779 publications, of which 12 case-control studies presented the odds of having typhoid fever for those exposed to unimproved or unsafe versus improved drinking water sources. The odds of typhoid fever among those exposed to unimproved or unsafe water ranged from 1.06 to 9.26 with case weighted mean of 2.44 (95% CI: 1.65–3.59). Besides water-related risk, the studies also identified other risk factors related to socioeconomic aspects, type of food consumption, knowledge and awareness about typhoid fever, and hygiene practices. Conclusions. In this meta-analysis, we have quantified the pooled risk of typhoid fever among people exposed to unimproved or unsafe water which is almost two and a half times more than people who were not exposed to unimproved or unsafe water. However, caution should be exercised in applying the findings from this study in modeling typhoid fever disease burden at country, regional, and global levels as improved water does not always equate to safe water.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Pneumonia pada Balita di Kelurahan Air Tawar Barat Padang

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Efni ◽  
Rizanda Machmud ◽  
Dian Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Under Five ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

AbstrakAda beberapa faktor risiko yang meningkatkan angka kejadian pneumonia di negara berkembang yaitu: kurangnya pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif, gizi buruk, polusi udara dalam ruangan, Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) dan kurangnya imunisasi campak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kelurahan Air Tawar Barat, Kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control study, sampel terdiri dari 27 case dan 27 control. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara terpimpin serta melihat data rekam medik dan dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian  mendapatkan balita pada kelompok kasus yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif (81,5%), paparan asap rokok (74,1%), riwayat bayi berat lahir rendah (3,7%), tidak mendapatkan imunisasi campak (40,7%) dan gizi kurang (25,9%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan kejadian pneumonia (p=0,022; OR=9,1; 95%CI=1,034-80,089), sedangkan pemberian ASI eksklusif, paparan asap rokok, riwayat bayi berat lahir rendah dan imunisasi campak tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna terhadap pneumonia.Kata kunci: balita, faktor risiko, pneumonia AbstractPneumonia in developing countries are associated to the risk factors such as: lack of exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition, indoor air pollution, low birth weight and lack of measles vaccinations. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated on the occurrence of pneumonia among the children under five years of age in Air Tawar Barat district, Padang City. This study used case control study  to the 27 cases and 27 control. The data were collected by guided interview and the medical records, than was analyzed by chi-square.test. The results of this study obtanined in the group of cases based on the low exclusive breastfeeding rates (81.5%), exposure to cigarette smoke (74.1%), a history of low birth weight (3.7%), did not get measles vaccinations (40.7%) and malnutrition (25.9%). The result of bivariate analysis shows the significant relationship between nutritional status on the occurrence of pneumonia (p=0.022; OR=9.1; 95% CI=1.034-80.089). The exclusive breastfeeding, exposure to cigarette smoke, a history of low birth weight and measles vaccinations are not significantly related to the occurrence of pneumonia. Keywords: children under five years of age, risk factors, pneumonia

scholarly journals Kelainan Refraksi Mata pada Anak

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bella Saiyang ◽  
Laya M. Rares ◽  
Wenny P. Supit
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
General View ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Google Search

Abstract: Refractive errors (ametropia) is caused by abnormality of the axial length or abnormality of refractive power of the eye. In children, refractive errors could cause blindness dure to lack of family attention. This study was aimed to obtain the general view of refractive errors among children. This was a literature review study using data of Google Search, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar. Data were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 10 literatures selected, consisting of 2 case control studies and 8 cross-sectional studies. The results showed that refractive errors in children -myopia, hypermetropia, and astigmatism- were increasing not only in Indonesia. Refractive errors in children were classified according to sex and age with different disorders. Each child was examined by using gold standar. In conclusion, refractive errors in children were myopia, hypermetropia, and astigmatism. There was no significant difference between male and female. In children, studies of various age groups ranging from elementary to high school. This disorder could also occur based on the children’s activities, therefore, family attention was really needed.Keywords: refractive errors, children Abstrak: Kelainan refraksi (ametropia) dapat diakibatkan adanya kelainan axial length atau daya refraksi mata. Pada anak, gangguan refraksi menjadi salah satu penyebab kebutaan terbesar tanpa adanya perhatian dari keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran umum kelainan refraksi mata pada anak. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review. Pencarian data didapatkan dari Google Search, ClinicalKey dan Google Scholar. Seleksi data berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi, dan didapatkan 10 literatur yang terdiri dari 2 case control dan 8 studi potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa kelainan refraksi pada anak berupa miopia, hipermetropia, dan astigmatisma yang meningkat bukan hanya di Indonesia. Kelainan refraksi pada anak digolongkan berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan usia dengan kelainan yang berbeda-beda. Setiap anak dilakukan pemeriksaan dengan menggunakan baku emas. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kelainan refraksi pada anak dapat berupa miopia, hipermetropia, dan astigmatisma. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara jenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan. Penelitian pada anak dilakukan pada berbagai golongan usia mulai dari sekolah dasar sampai sekolah menengah. Kelainan refraksi dapat pula terjadi berdasarkan aktivitas yang dilakukan anak sehingga perhatian dari keluarga sangat dibutuhka.Kata kunci: kelainan refraksi, anak

scholarly journals Assessment of Risk Factors in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorush Niknamian
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cultural Themes ◽  
History Of

Background: Hepatitis B virus infection and its complications are major health problems. The aim of this study were to investigate risk factors in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 174 patients with chronic hepatitis B who referred to the Shahid Mohammadi hospital in the city of Bandar Abbas, Iran. Information was collected through a questionnaire. Results: 174 persons (97 males, 77 females) with a mean age of 42.96 years. There was no significant relationship between the risk of having disease with gender, age, weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, BMI and WHR (P> 0.05). The frequency of exposure to risk factors are as follows: such as history of hairdressers, vaccination, contact with suspected HBV persons, Family history of HBV positive in patients had higher prevalence than other groups. Conclusion: It seems to be more important to pay attention to lifestyles, jobs, and cultural themes of Iranian people that predispose people to risk factors so as to implement measures to control HBV spread. Also, awareness and social-health education in order to avoid unprotected sexual contact with an infected partner can be highly effective according to the high levels of hepatitis B infection among married persons. Despite existence of a long list of risk factors, various epidemiological studies with alternative methodologies along with meta-analysis of risk factors in each separate area seems to be helpful in collecting information about transmission.

scholarly journals Association of dietary inflammatory potential with cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of observational studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Aslani ◽  
Omid Sadeghi ◽  
Motahar Heidari-Beni ◽  
Hoda Zahedi ◽  
Fereshteh Baygi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total N ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Context The association of dietary inflammatory index (DII®), as an index of inflammatory quality of diet, with cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) and risk factors (CMRFs) has been inconsistent in previous studies. Objective The current systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association of the DII score with CMDs and CMRFs. Data Sources All published observational studies (cohort, case–control and cross-sectional) using PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were retrieved from inception through November 2019. Data extraction Two reviewers independently extracted the data from included studies. Data analysis Pooled hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) were calculated by using a random-effects model. Results Ten prospective cohort studies (total n = 291,968) with 31,069 CMDs-specific mortality, six prospective cohort studies (total n = 43,340) with 1311 CMDs-specific morbidity, two case–control studies with 2140 cases and 6246 controls and one cross-sectional study (total n = 15,613) with 1734 CMDs-specific morbidity were identified for CMDs. Meta-analyses of published observational studies demonstrated that the highest DII score category versus the lowest DII score category was associated with 29% increased risk of CMDs mortality (HR = 1.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18, 1.41). Moreover, there was a significant association between the DII score and risk of CMDs in cohort studies (HR = 1.35; 95% CI 1.13, 1.61) and non-cohort study (HR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.18, 1.57). We found a significant association between the DII score and metabolic syndrome (MetS) (OR: 1.13; 95% CI 1.03, 1.25), hyperglycemia and hypertension. None-linear dose response meta-analysis showed that there was a significant association between the DII score and risk of CMDs mortality (Pnonlinearity < 0.001). Moreover, evidence of none-linear association between the DII score and risk of CMDs was not observed (p-value = 0.1). Conclusions Adherence to pro-inflammatory diet was associated with increased risk of CMDs, mortality and MetS.

scholarly journals Hubungan Penyakit Periodontal pada Ibu Hamil dengan Kejadian Bayi Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR)

e-GIGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Ratika F. Baliung ◽  
Vonny N. S. Wowor ◽  
Johanna A. Khoman
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract: Periodontal disease is still one of the dental and oral health disorders that has a high prevalence worldwide. Moreover, it can cause disorders in pregnancy including low birth weight (LBW) infant with the risks of death as well as disorders of growth and development in children. To date, low birth weight is one of the causes of high infant mortality rate. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between periodontal disease in pregnant women and the incidence of LBW baby. This was a literature review study searching data on three databases namely Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar and using keywords and a combination of boolean operators. After being selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, critical appraisal was conducted, and nine literatures were obtained: cross sectional study, case-control study, cohort study designs. The results showed that the most common periodontal disease in pregnant women was periodontitis. Women who gave birth to LBW babies had poor periodontal conditions compared to women who gave birth to babies with normal weight. Most of the literatures showed a significant relationship between periodontal disease in pregnant women and the incidence of LBW baby. In conclusion, there is a relationship between periodontal disease in pregnant women and the incidence of LBW infant. Periodontitis is one of the risk factors of poor pregnancy outcomes.Keywords: periodontal disease; pregnant women; low birth weight (LBW)  Abstrak: Penyakit periodontal masih merupakan salah satu gangguan kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan prevalensi cukup tinggi di dunia. Dampak penyakit periodontal dapat berupa gangguan pada kehamilan termasuk terjadinya kelahiran bayi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) yang berisiko kematian bayi, serta gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Bayi BBLR merupakan salah satu penyebab tingginya angka kematian bayi (AKB). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penyakit periodontal pada ibu hamil dengan BBLR. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review dengan pencarian data pada tiga database yaitu Pubmed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci dan kombinasi boolean operator. Setelah diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, dilakukan critical appraisal, dan didapatkan sembilan literatur dengan desain studi cross sectional, case-control, dan cohort. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa penyakit periodontal yang terbanyak pada ibu hamil ialah periodontitis. Ibu yang melahirkan bayi BBLR memiliki kondisi periodontal yang buruk dibandingkan ibu yang melahirkan bayi dengan berat badan cukup. Sebagian besar literatur yang ditelaah menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara penyakit periodontal pada ibu hamil dengan kejadian BBLR. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara penyakit periodontal pada ibu hamil dengan kejadian bayi BBLR. Periodontitis merupakan salah satu faktor risiko hasil kehamilan yang buruk.Kata kunci: penyakit periodontal; ibu hamil; berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR)

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Terjadinya Preeklampsia

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Sudarman ◽  
Hermie M. M. Tendean ◽  
Freddy W. Wagey
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Abstract: Hypertension in pregnancy is still a major cause of maternal death. Preeclampsia affects about 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide. This study was aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of preeclampsia. This was is a literature review study, using three databases, namely PubMed, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar. The keywords used were risk factors OR faktor risiko AND preeclampsia OR preeklampsia. After being selected with inclusion and exclusion criteria, a critical appraisal was carried out and obtained 30 literatures consisting of 14 cross-sectional studies, 13 case control studies, and 3 cohort studies. The results found 30 literatures examined the relationship factors or characteristics of age, parity or gravida status, obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, history of kidney disease, history of preeclampsia, multiple pregnancies, family history of preeclampsia, duration between pregnancies, socioeconomic status (education levels and employment), and autoimmune diseases. In conclusion, the factors associated with the occurrence of preeclampsia are age at risk for pregnant women, nulliparity, primigravida, obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, history of kidney disease, history of preeclampsia, multiple pregnancies, family history of preeclampsia, distance between pregnancies, socioeconomic level, and autoimmune disease.Keywords: risk factors, preeclampsia.  Abstrak: Hipertensi dalam kehamilan masih menjadi penyebab kematian ibu yang cukup tinggi. Preeklampsia memengaruhi sekitar 2% hingga 8% kehamilan di seluruh dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya preeklamp-sia. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review, menggunakan tiga database yaitu PubMed, ClinicalKey, dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu risk factor OR faktor risiko AND preeclampsia OR preeklampsia. Setelah diseleksi dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dilakukan critical appraisal, didapatkan 30 literatur yang terdiri dari 14 cross-sectional study, 13 case control study, dan 3 cohort study. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 30 literatur yang meneliti hubungan faktor atau karakteristik usia, paritas atau status gravida, obesitas, diabetes melitus, hipertensi kronik, riwayat penyakit ginjal, riwayat preeklampsia, kehamilan ganda, riwayat preeklampsia keluarga, jarak antar kehamilan, status sosial ekonomi (tingkat pendidikan dan pekerjaan), dan penyakit autoimun. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya preeklampsia yaitu usia ibu hamil berisiko, nuliparitas, primigravida, obesitas, diabetes melitus, hipertensi kronik, riwayat penyakit ginjal, riwayat preeklampsia, kehamilan ganda, riwayat preeklampsia keluarga, jarak antar kehamilan, tingkat sosioekonomi, dan penyakit autoimun.Kata kunci: faktor risiko, preeklampsia

scholarly journals Factors associated with high oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of two cohort studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita Anusruti ◽  
Yang Xuan ◽  
Xīn Gào ◽  
Eugène H J M Jansen ◽  
Dana Clarissa Laetsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveOur objective is to identify the potential factors associated with serum Diacron’s reactive oxygen metabolites test (D-ROM) levels of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by conducting cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in two large cohorts and further strengthening these results by performing a meta-analysis.MethodsSerum D-ROM concentrations were measured in 1045 and 1101 patients with T2DM from two independent cohort studies from Germany at baseline and repeatedly 3–4 years later. The cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of various potential determinants with D-ROM levels were assessed with a backwards selection algorithm in multivariable adjusted models.ResultsIn the meta-analysis of the cross-sectional analysis, female sex, low education, obesity, smoking, high total cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c ≥7%, no diabetes medication, a history of myocardial infarction, heart failure, a history of cancer and C reactive protein levels (CRP) >3 mg/L were statistically significantly associated with increased D-ROM levels in patients with T2DM. The meta-analysis of the longitudinal analysis revealed that old age, female sex, obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, high alcohol consumption, ≥5 years since diabetes diagnosis and CRP levels between 3 mg/L and 10 mg/L were statistically significantly associated with D-ROM levels measured 3–4 years later.Conclusions (validity, limitations and clinical applicability)This comprehensive analysis confirmed that several modifiable risk factors are being associated with oxidative stress in patients with T2DM within an observational study design. We discuss potential prevention measures against these risk factors that might help to reduce oxidative stress and to prevent some cases of premature mortality in patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals Dementia after DBS Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rektorova ◽  
Z. Hummelova ◽  
M. Balaz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cognitive Problems ◽  
Stn Dbs ◽  
Deep Brain

We report the case history of a 75-year-old woman with Parkinson's disease who developed severe cognitive problems after deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the bilateral subthalamic nuclei (STN). After a brief cognitive improvement, the patient gradually deteriorated until she developed full-blown dementia. We discuss the case with respect to the cognitive effects of STN DBS and the possible risk factors of dementia after STN DBS surgery.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document