Malignant lymphoma with middle ear involvement in a Sprague-Dawley rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-423
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Lafond ◽  
Annick Landry
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Neoplastic Lymphocytes ◽  
Tensor Tympani Muscle

Sprague-Dawley rats are amongst the most widely used animals in biomedical research and malignant lymphoma has long been known to be a frequent neoplasm in these animals. A 9-month-old male control Sprague-Dawley rat from a toxicity study showed gelatinous material in the cranial cavity and dark, thickened cerebral meninges at necropsy. At microscopic evaluation of the temporal bone, neoplastic lymphocytes were seen invading several structures of the middle ear. The neoplastic cells appeared to extend from the marrow of the temporal bone, covered the dorsal part of the tympanic cavity wall, and surrounded and infiltrated the base of the tensor tympani muscle as well as the chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve. The lymphoma was generalized; neoplastic lymphocytes were also noted in numerous other tissues. Literature regarding neoplasms of the middle and inner ear in animals is scarce and, to our knowledge, this is the first report of a lymphoma involving the middle ear of a rat.

scholarly journals Regulation of the Putative TRPV1t Salt Taste Receptor by Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-Bisphosphate

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 1337-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Lyall ◽  
Tam-Hao T. Phan ◽  
ZuoJun Ren ◽  
Shobha Mummalaneni ◽  
Pamela Melone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Taste Receptor ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Salt Taste ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Biphasic Effect ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 4

Regulation of the putative amiloride and benzamil (Bz)-insensitive TRPV1t salt taste receptor by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) was studied by monitoring chorda tympani (CT) taste nerve responses to 0.1 M NaCl solutions containing Bz (5 × 10−6 M; a specific ENaC blocker) and resiniferatoxin (RTX; 0–10 × 10−6 M; a specific TRPV1 agonist) in Sprague-Dawley rats and in wildtype (WT) and TRPV1 knockout (KO) mice. In rats and WT mice, RTX elicited a biphasic effect on the NaCl + Bz CT response, increasing the CT response between 0.25 × 10−6 and 1 × 10−6 M. At concentrations >1 × 10−6 M, RTX inhibited the CT response. An increase in PIP2 by topical lingual application of U73122 (a phospholipase C blocker) or diC8-PIP2 (a short chain synthetic PIP2) inhibited the control NaCl + Bz CT response and decreased its sensitivity to RTX. A decrease in PIP2 by topical lingual application of phenylarsine oxide (a phosphoinositide 4 kinase blocker) enhanced the control NaCl + Bz CT response, increased its sensitivity to RTX stimulation, and inhibited the desensitization of the CT response at RTX concentrations >1 × 10−6 M. The ENaC-dependent NaCl CT responses were not altered by changes in PIP2. An increase in PIP2 enhanced CT responses to sweet (0.3 M sucrose) and bitter (0.01 M quinine) stimuli. RTX produced the same increase in the Bz-insensitive Na+response when present in salt solutions containing 0.1 M NaCl + Bz, 0.1 M monosodium glutamate + Bz, 0.1 M NaCl + Bz + 0.005 M SC45647, or 0.1 M NaCl + Bz + 0.01 M quinine. No effect of RTX was observed on CT responses in WT mice and rats in the presence of the TRPV1 blocker N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-chlorocinnamide (1 × 10−6 M) or in TRPV1 KO mice. We conclude that PIP2 is a common intracellular effector for sweet, bitter, umami, and TRPV1t-dependent salt taste, although in the last case, PIP2 seems to directly regulate the taste receptor protein itself, i.e., the TRPV1 ion channel or its taste receptor variant, TRPV1t.

scholarly journals Potency of Murraya koenigii Leaves as Anti-Cancer Mammary in 7,12 dimethylbenz(α) anthracene (DMBA) induced-Sprague Dawley Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 01058
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah ◽  
Ekowati Handharyani ◽  
Nurliani Bermawie ◽  
Agus Setiyono
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Tumor ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The purpose of the research was to study the potency of Murraya koenigii leaves extract to overcome the mammary tumor in Sprague Dawley rat. Thirty-five female rats were divided into seven groups: control (P1), tumor without therapy (P2), methotrexate group (P3), curative groups (P4 and P5) were given extract after the tumor was formed, and preventive groups (P6 and P7) were given extract before the tumor was formed with dose of 300 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The induction of mammary tumor in rats were carried out using 7,12 dimethylbenz(α) anthracene (DMBA) subcutaneously. Bodyweight and tumor size were measured every week for 4 weeks. At the end of treatment, rats were euthanized and mammary glands were collected for histopathological examination. The result showed tumor size in P2 was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in other groups. On the other hand, tumor size in P4 and P6 were significantly smaller (p<0.05) compared to P5 and P7. Histopathological changes showed PMN cells, 1-3 layers of cuboid epithelial and solid collagen fibers proliferation in P2, while in P3 to P7 showed moderate collagen fibers proliferation. In conclusion, the administration of the extract at a dose of 300 mg/kg can decelerate tumor development in Sprague Dawley rat mammary gland.

Tonic contractions of the tensor tympani muscle: a key to some non-specific middle ear symptoms? Hypothesis and data from temporal bone experiments

2005 ◽  
Vol 125 (11) ◽  
pp. 1168-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Wilhelm Pau ◽  
Christoph Punke ◽  
Thorsten Zehlicke ◽  
Dirk Dressler ◽  
Uwe Sievert
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Tensor Tympani Muscle ◽  
Ear Symptoms

scholarly journals Urolithiasis in the Sprague-Dawley rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Paterson
Keyword(s):  
General Interest ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Studies

A 7 year collection of calculi from short- and long-term studies with Sprague-Dawley rats showed that although the incidence of rats with urolithiasis was small (0·5%), the variety of sizes and composition of the calculi could be of general interest.

Surgical reduction of adipose tissue in the male Sprague-Dawley rat

1976 ◽  
Vol 231 (4) ◽  
pp. 1090-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Kral
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Compensatory Hypertrophy ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Surgical Reduction ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Adipose Tissue Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
And Control

The lipostatic theory of regulation of adipose tissue mass was tested by a method for surgical reduction (adipectomy) of 24% of the total body fat of nonobese adult Sprague-Dawley rats, as judged from carcass analyses. The reduction persisted during an observation period of 12 wk without any evidence of altered food intake, weight gain, or compensatory hypertrophy or hyperplasia of adipose tissue compared with sham-operated controls. No changes were found in serum free fatty acids, glycerol, triglycerides, cholesterol, or insulin between adipectomized and control animals, implying an intact quantitative function of the remaining adipose tissue. It is concluded that the size of the adipocytes rather than the number is important for a presumed lipostatic regulation of adipose tissue mass in the adult male Sprague-Dawley rat.

Vascular effects of 17 beta-estradiol in male Sprague-Dawley rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (3) ◽  
pp. H967-H973 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Shan ◽  
L. M. Resnick ◽  
Q. Y. Liu ◽  
X. C. Wu ◽  
M. Barbagallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Rat Tail Artery ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tail Artery ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Rat Tail

Bolus intravenous injections of 100 micrograms/kg 17 beta-estradiol significantly decreased the pressor responses to norepinephrine (NE; 0.3 microgram/kg) at the fourth, fifth, and sixth hour in anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats. At doses of 10(-6) to 3 x 10(-5) M, 17 beta-estradiol relaxed the sustained phase of contraction in male Sprague-Dawley rat tail artery helical strips precontracted in vitro by [Arg8]vasopressin (AVP), KCl, or NE. The effect was dose dependent. At doses of 3 x 10(-6) to 3 x 10(-5) M, it also decreased the initial phase of tension generation and extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent vasoconstriction induced by NE, AVP, or KCl in a dose-dependent manner in male Sprague-Dawley rat tail artery helical strips. 17 beta-Estradiol (2 x 10(-8) to 2 x 10(-6) M) decreased the voltage-dependent inward Ca2+ current and the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) increment induced by 15 mM KCl in a dose-dependent manner (3.6 x 10(-8) to 3.6 x 10(-6) M) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rat tail arteries. We suggest that, at pharmacological doses, estrogen has a direct vasodilating effect on the rat tail artery that is mediated by its inhibitory effect on Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. The inhibitory effect of estrogen on the pressor responses to NE or AVP may be correlated with its modulation of VSMC [Ca2+]i through its actions on membrane Ca2+ channels.

Efficacy comparison of intravenous artelinate and artesunate in Plasmodium berghei-infected Sprague-Dawley rats

Parasitology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. G. LI ◽  
Y. Z. SI ◽  
P. LEE ◽  
E. WONG ◽  
L. H. XIE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Intravenous Drugs ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Molar Equivalent

This paper reports the comparative antimalarial efficacy of intravenous artelinate and artesunate in rats. Prior to efficacy experiments, a Plasmodium berghei–Sprague-Dawley rat model of malaria was developed, in which the clearance effects of intravenous drugs could be readily compared. In efficacy experiments, groups of P. berghei-infected rats were given 3 daily intravenous treatments of artelinate or artesunate at molar equivalent dose rates (total of 0–191·2 μmoles/kg). Artelinate was superior to artesunate in terms of clearance (100% clearance dose of 95·6 μmoles/kg (40 mg/kg) versus 191·2 μmoles/kg for AS (73·4 mg/kg)) and parasite clearance time (1·7±0·5 days for AL versus 2·7±0·5 days for AS at a dose rate of 191·2 μmoles/kg, P<0·01). No frank clinical toxicity was observed, though both artesunate and artelinate induced dose-related vascular necrosis at the site of injection. The necrosis was less severe and reversible when the drugs were administered via femoral, rather than tail/foot veins. The data suggest that the P. berghei–7-week-old Sprague-Dawley rat model of malaria is reproducible and useful for assessing the efficacy of antimalarials and that artelinate is at least as potent, and safe, as artesunate, the leading clinical treatment for severe malaria.

Possible role of Dickkopf-1 protein in the pathogenesis of tympanosclerosis in a rat model

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (10) ◽  
pp. 860-865
Author(s):  
Y Zhang ◽  
S Wang ◽  
Y Zheng ◽  
A Liu
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Middle Ear Mucosa ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Sclerotic Lesions ◽  
Tympanic Membranes

AbstractObjectives:This study aimed to investigate the expression of DKK1 protein in an experimental model of tympanosclerosis and its possible role in the pathogenesis of this disorder.Methods:Forty Sprague Dawley rats were included in the study: 20 in the control group (which received no treatment) and 20 in the experimental group (which received an incision to induce tympanosclerosis). Otomicroscopy was performed to observe the development of myringosclerosis. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to observe the morphological changes. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed to assess the expression of DKK1 protein.Results:At day 15, sclerotic lesions were observed in 70 per cent of the tympanic membranes. Inflammatory infiltration and hyaline degeneration markedly appeared in the tympanic membranes and middle-ear mucosa. DKK1 protein was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, which were widely distributed in the tympanic membranes and middle-ear mucosa. The expression of DKK1 protein was significantly decreased in the calcified experimental ears.Conclusion:DKK1 protein is involved in the pathogenesis of tympanosclerosis by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.

Evidence of environmental influence on the development of thermoregulation in the rat

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Ferguson ◽  
W. L. Veale ◽  
K. E. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Temperature Regulation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Thermoregulatory Responses ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Colonic Temperature ◽  
And Control

Sprague–Dawley rats were raised in an environmentally controlled room at 33 °C. Thermoregulatory responses of animals reared in this way were compared with those of control and warm-acclimated rats. Warm-reared animals demonstrated a significantly greater fall in colonic temperature during cold exposure when compared with both warm-acclimated (p < 0.01) and control (p < 0.001) animals. Warm-reared animals also show a modified response to central infusion of noradrenaline; they produce a hyperthermia in contrast with the hypothermia observed in control and warm-acclimated rats. These results suggest that the early thermal environment may modify the development of temperature regulation in the Sprague–Dawley rat in a way different from the normal acclimation process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document