Brexit and the UK Automotive Industry

The UK's automotive industry has been one of the ‘star performers’ of the UK economy in recent years – unlike most other manufacturing sectors. Output has increased by over 60 per cent since 2010 and there has been over £8 billion worth of investment in the industry in the past five years. The industry supports some 800,000 jobs in the UK. It is seen as having benefitted from EU membership. So what might Brexit mean for the UK automotive sector, and its workers? This paper considers short-run impacts, before turning to the impact of uncertainty on foreign direct investment inflows and then the nature of a possible trading relationship. Some brief reflections on policy implications round off the paper.

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Korea’s Foreign Direct Investment in the Automotive Industry in China

China Report ◽

10.1177/0009445518761079 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 175-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jungmin Lee ◽

Jai S. Mah

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Technology Transfer ◽

Automotive Industry ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Foreign Firms ◽

Job Opportunities ◽

Korean Firm ◽

The Impact

This article examines the impact of foreign-invested enterprises in the development of China’s automotive industry. It particularly focuses on the case of foreign direct investment (FDI) by a Korean firm, namely, the Hyundai Motor Company, in China. The Chinese government’s policy regarding the automotive industry allowed China’s domestic manufacturers to benefit from technology transfer, as foreign firms were not allowed to invest exclusively in China without a partnership. The contribution of Korea’s investment in China’s automotive industry would comprise the creation of job opportunities, technology transfer and the development of the automobile parts industry. Korea’s investment in the automotive industry of China has policy implications for China and other developing countries trying to expand their technology-intensive industries.

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The State of the Art in Management Education Applicable to Aerospace Activities

Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society ◽

10.1017/s0001924000067701 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 71 (677) ◽

pp. 344-348

Author(s):

J. V. Connolly

Keyword(s):

Management Education ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Aerospace Industry ◽

List Type ◽

Industrial Training ◽

The Past ◽

The Subject ◽

Economic Necessity ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

During the past two years, there has been a sharp acceleration to the interest which industry has displayed in the subject of management education. This can be attributed to these factors: —(a) A more widespread realisation of the gap developing between the UK and a number of foreign economies, as manifested by diverging rates of the major economic indicators.(b) The attainment of top-management responsibilities by a younger generation of managers, many of whom had been given some earlier training and who were more conscious of its value than the incumbents of the job from earlier generations.(c) The publication of the Franks, Robbins and (in the aerospace industry) the Plowden reports.(d) The impact of the Industrial Training Boards making it manifest, in terms of serious levies, that training was an economic necessity and therefore must be investigated thoroughly.Notwithstanding the widespread awakening of interest, it is very belated and sets numerous problems. The problems are in two areas—scale and quality.

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Foreign Direct Investment in the UK 1985–1994: The Impact on Domestic Management Practice

Journal of Management Studies ◽

10.1111/1467-6486.00175 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

John Child ◽

David Faulkner ◽

Robert Pitkethly

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Management Practice ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

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Social Frontiers: Estimating the Spatial Boundaries Between Residential Groups and Their Impacts on Crime

10.1007/978-3-030-74544-8_13 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 285-304

Author(s):

Ivana Křížková ◽

Meng Le Zhang ◽

Dan Olner ◽

Gwilym Pryce

Keyword(s):

Cultural Distance ◽

Free Market ◽

Poisson Model ◽

Distance Measures ◽

The Usa ◽

Short Run ◽

History Of ◽

Conditional Autoregressive ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

AbstractInthischapter, we highlight the importance of social frontiers—sharp spatial divisions in the residential make-up of adjacent communities—as a potentially important form of segregation. The handful of studies estimating the impacts of social frontiers have been based in the USA and the UK, both of which are free-market democracies with a long history of immigration, ethnic mix and segregation. There are currently no studies of social frontiers in former socialist countries, for example, or in countries where immigration and ethnic mix are only a recent phenomenon or non-existent. This chapter aims to address this research gap by estimating the impacts of social frontiers on crime rates in a post-socialistcountry, Czechia. We demonstrate how a Bayesianspatial conditional autoregressive estimation can be used to detect social frontiers in this setting, and we use a fixed effect quasi-Poisson model to investigate the impact on crime. Our results suggest that in new immigration destinations, social frontiers may not be associated with higher rates of crime, at least in the short run. Moreover, our use of cultural distance measures helps to promote a more nuanced approach to studying the impact of segregation and highlights the role of cultural diversity in understanding the link between immigrant segregation and crime. We reflect on how this approach could contribute to the study of segregation and inequality in the Chinese context.

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Effects of Exchange Rate on Foreign Direct Investment Inflow in Nigeria

South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics ◽

10.9734/sajsse/2019/v4i230123 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Chukwurah, Josephine Chikwue

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Exchange Rate ◽

Unit Root ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Foreign Direct Investment Inflow ◽

Bounds Testing ◽

Short Run ◽

Bounds Testing Approach ◽

Testing Approach ◽

The Impact

Aims: This study examined the place of exchange rate in determining foreign direct investment inflow into the Nigerian economy using time series data from 1980 to 2017. Study Design: Historical research design method was adopted for the study, it uses secondary sources and a variety of primary documentary evidence. Place and Duration of Study: Department of economics, faculty of social sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, between September 2010 and May 2018. Methodology: The method adopted for this study was the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation approach and error correction mechanism within the framework of dynamic OLS (DOLS) estimation. The analysis began with a verification of the unit root properties of the variables. The Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Philips-Perron (PP) unit root procedures were employed and both tests indicate that the variables were integrated of either order I(0) or order I(1). This warranted the use of Bounds testing approach in determining the cointegration among the variables in the various equations in the selected countries. Analysis using the Bounds testing approach to cointegration confirmed the existence of long run relation among the variables of the models. In determining the impact of exchange rate on foreign direct investment inflow in Nigeria, we estimated an ARDL model. Results: The results indicate that exchange rate affects FDI in both the long and short run. The result also reveals that the impact of exchange rate on FDI in the short run continuous up to three periods after the initial disturbance. Conclusion: This study concluded that exchange rate appreciation will lead to increases in foreign direct investment inflow. The study therefore recommended, amongst others, that government should apply exchange rate regime that is competitive at the international market so as to attract more FDI inflow to the Nigeria economy.

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6. The relationship between EU and national law

EU Law in the UK ◽

10.1093/he/9780198805922.003.0006 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 154-178

Author(s):

Sylvia de Mars

Keyword(s):

National Court ◽

Legal Order ◽

Eu Law ◽

The European Union ◽

Eu Membership ◽

Parliamentary Sovereignty ◽

Domestic Courts ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

This chapter focuses on the relationship between EU law and national law. It first explores the jurisprudence on what is known as the doctrine of supremacy of EU law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). When a national court observes that a national law clashes with an EU law, they must set aside that national law. The EU legal order would not work without a doctrine like supremacy: not only would domestic courts not be compelled to apply EU law instead of conflicting national law, but it is likely that different domestic courts would take different decisions as to whether to apply EU law over national law in a given scenario. The chapter then considers how supremacy has been received in Germany and the UK, looking at how the German and UK legal orders interact with EU law. It then addresses whether ‘parliamentary sovereignty’ is compatible with EU membership, and examines the impact of Brexit on the supremacy of EU law.

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Diversity and Perceptions of Immigration: How the Past Influences the Present

Political Studies ◽

10.1177/0032321720922774 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 003232172092277 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lauren McLaren ◽

Anja Neundorf ◽

Ian Paterson

Keyword(s):

Generational Differences ◽

European Social Survey ◽

Additive Models ◽

Early Years ◽

Social Survey ◽

The Past ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

The Uk ◽

British Sample ◽

The Impact

The question of whether high immigration produces anti-immigration hostility has vexed researchers across multiple disciplines for decades. And yet, understanding this relationship is crucial for countries dependant on immigrant labour but concerned about its impact on social cohesion. Absent from most of this research are theories about the impact of early-years socialisation conditions on contemporary attitudes. Using the British sample of the European Social Survey (2002–2017) and two innovative approaches to modelling generational differences – generalised additive models and hierarchical age‒period‒cohort models – this paper shows that rather than producing hostility to immigration, being socialised in a context of high immigrant-origin diversity is likely to result in more positive attitudes to immigration later in life. This implies that through generational replacement, countries like the UK are likely to become increasingly tolerant of immigration over time. Importantly, however, a context of high-income inequality may diminish this effect.

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Is Reputation Good or Bad? An Experiment

The American Economic Review ◽

10.1257/aer.100.5.2187 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 100 (5) ◽

pp. 2187-2204 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Brit Grosskopf ◽

Rajiv Sarin

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Experiment ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

The Past ◽

Long Run ◽

Short Run ◽

Other Regarding ◽

The Impact ◽

Other Regarding Preferences ◽

Do So

We investigate the impact of reputation in a laboratory experiment. We do so by varying whether the past choices of a long-run player are observable by the short-run players. Our framework allows for reputation to have either a beneficial or a harmful effect on the long-run player. We find that reputation is seldom harmful and its beneficial effects are not as strong as theory suggests. When reputational concerns are at odds with other-regarding preferences, we find the latter overwhelm the former. (JEL C91, D12, D82, D83, Z13)

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