Farmer acceptance of improved potato storage practices in developing countries

1983 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Rhoades ◽  
Robert H. Booth ◽  
Michael J. Potts
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Potato Storage ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

The introduction of a new technology to farmers in developing countries frequently necessitates complementary changes in related traditional practices. This has been particularly true where post-harvest knowledge and technology has lagged behind the rapid acceptance of modern, high-yielding varieties. This paper describes the diffusion of low-cost potato storage practices among Philippine farmers, a case study which has wider implications for international efforts to reduce post-harvest losses in developing countries.

MECHANIZATION OF POTATO GRADING ON SMALL-SCALE FARMS: A CASE STUDY FROM PERU

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. BUTLER ◽  
T. BERNET ◽  
K. MANRIQUE
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Critical Aspect ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Important Cash Crop

Potatoes are an important cash crop for small-scale producers worldwide. The move away from subsistence to commercialized farming, combined with the rapid growth in demand for processed agricultural products in developing countries, implies that small-scale farmers and researchers alike must begin to respond to these market changes and consider post-harvest treatment as a critical aspect of the potato farming system. This paper presents and assesses a low cost potato-grading machine that was designed explicitly to enable small-scale potato growers to sort tubers by size for supply to commercial processors. The results of ten experiments reveal that the machine achieves an accuracy of sort similar to commercially available graders. The machine, which uses parallel conical rollers, has the capacity to grade different tuber shapes and to adjust sorting classes, making it suitable for locations with high potato diversity. Its relatively low cost suggests that an improved and adapted version of this machine might enhance market integration of small-scale potato producers not only in Peru, but in other developing countries as well.

Rigorous Design Process for a Groundwater Pump for Low-Yield Water Wells: A Case Study

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Anderson ◽  
James Wonson ◽  
W. John Dartnall
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Design Process ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Well Yield

Ground-water pumping in remote areas, such as Australian farms, was for many years traditionally done by wind pumps in order to satisfy the needs of stock. Since the 1980’s solar pumps of varying designs have become popular for pumping water from farm dams and tube wells. Wind pumps, solar pumps, engine or electric motor driven pumps and even animal/human powered pumps have a future in many remote situations in the world for stock watering, irrigation and for village water supply in developing countries. In these markets there is a wide-spread view that local manufacture of the pumps is preferable, as is well documented in the literature on village water supply in developing countries. Submersible pumps that are either of the multi-stage centrifugal class or that use the progressive cavity principle have increased in popularity in the low well yield environment. However, where well yields are extremely low the efficiency of these pumps also becomes low and oversized pumps of these kinds are often inappropriately applied. Quite often in the low yield situation, tube wells are also oversized in that they are drilled to large diameters and depths so as to provide storage in order to accommodate the water demand requirements of the user. This practice leads to unnecessary deterioration of both pump and well. Designing for low production volume manufacture presents unique challenges for the designer in attempting to design a robust, versatile but cost-effective product. The design challenges include, achievement of: - high efficiency, reliability, longevity, simplicity, versatility with a minimum parts count, and all this at a low cost. A case study is presented in this paper in which the design issues are outlined. A rigorous design process has been applied in this case study.

scholarly journals Patent as a Generator Rather than Inhibitor of Drug Accessibility in Developing Countries: a Critical Examination of India's Patent Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gilat Ezra Pitkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
International Pressure ◽  
Drug Accessibility ◽  
Developed World

<p>Patent's reputation as a constructive mechanism in the developing world was not a common notion. The prospect of utilising pharmaceutical patents to generate drug accessibility in developing countries did not seem possible. However, little credit was given to patents. Through motivating innovation, foreign investment, trade relations and industrialisation, patents can form a prowess pharmaceutical industry in the developing world. This thesis explores the possibility to increasing the availability of low cost drugs in emerging economies through patent enforcement. The analysis focuses on India as a case study. India has long been at the forefront of the developing world fight for low cost drugs markets. This stand once meant the exclusion of patent protection of pharmaceutical innovation and the formation of low cost copied generic drugs industry. However given developing countries' recent submissions to the international pressure to enforce patent protection on pharmaceutical innovations, it is time to re-examine the role patents play in developing countries, this time in the avenue of reducing drugs' pricing. India's current economy and the evolution of its pharmaceutical industry evolvement, make it as an exemplary case study to utilise patent to fulfil this end. Accordingly, the issue of widening the scope of patent protection in India to include pharmaceutical incremental innovation is examined. Notwithstanding the responsibility of India to endorse wider patent scope, legally and practically, the thesis does not ignore the moral obligation the developed world has towards India's poorer population to offer low cost drugs during the stages of its pharmaceutical industry emergence. The preliminary justification to conduct this observation is to show that patent is not only to answer the healthcare needs of the developed world population, but also the developing world. As such the thesis argues that India ought to stand at the forefront again, this time, demonstrating the potential within patent to establish low cost patented pharmaceuticals marketplace in developing countries.</p>

scholarly journals The Effect of Social Network on Accptability of New Technology in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Piped Water Adoption in Rural India

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Akiko Suzuki ◽  
Maiko Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Group 2

It has been pointed out that new technologies introduced in developing countries have not been accepted by local residents in some cases. It is assumed that new technologies need to be adapted to the local social structure if the aim is to generate sustainable technology acceptance. In this paper, the effect of social network on acceptability of new technologies is examined through a case study on piped water adoption in rural India. Social Network Analysis is used to investigate how closed social network groups and the centrality of some individuals in social network affect technology acceptance of residents. The effect of these attributes on technology acceptance is examined using logistic regression model. Our results show 3 main findings as follows: (1) there are no similarities of piped water use among residents belong to the same closed social network group, (2) central persons who affect other residents’ technology use do not have high social status and play any role as a leader, thus, it is needed not to easily select persons who seem to be outstanding as key persons of technology adoption, (3) it is important to focus on not only individual attributes but also social network when new technologies are adapted.

scholarly journals Design and prototyping of a low-cost, energy efficient eggs incubator in developing countries: A case study of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e00618
Author(s):  
Pascalin Tiam Kapen ◽  
Mohamadou Youssoufa ◽  
Momo Foutse ◽  
Harold Manfouo ◽  
Franck Oscar Njotchui Mbakop
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Low Cost

scholarly journals Patent as a Generator Rather than Inhibitor of Drug Accessibility in Developing Countries: a Critical Examination of India's Patent Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gilat Ezra Pitkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
International Pressure ◽  
Drug Accessibility ◽  
Developed World

<p>Patent's reputation as a constructive mechanism in the developing world was not a common notion. The prospect of utilising pharmaceutical patents to generate drug accessibility in developing countries did not seem possible. However, little credit was given to patents. Through motivating innovation, foreign investment, trade relations and industrialisation, patents can form a prowess pharmaceutical industry in the developing world. This thesis explores the possibility to increasing the availability of low cost drugs in emerging economies through patent enforcement. The analysis focuses on India as a case study. India has long been at the forefront of the developing world fight for low cost drugs markets. This stand once meant the exclusion of patent protection of pharmaceutical innovation and the formation of low cost copied generic drugs industry. However given developing countries' recent submissions to the international pressure to enforce patent protection on pharmaceutical innovations, it is time to re-examine the role patents play in developing countries, this time in the avenue of reducing drugs' pricing. India's current economy and the evolution of its pharmaceutical industry evolvement, make it as an exemplary case study to utilise patent to fulfil this end. Accordingly, the issue of widening the scope of patent protection in India to include pharmaceutical incremental innovation is examined. Notwithstanding the responsibility of India to endorse wider patent scope, legally and practically, the thesis does not ignore the moral obligation the developed world has towards India's poorer population to offer low cost drugs during the stages of its pharmaceutical industry emergence. The preliminary justification to conduct this observation is to show that patent is not only to answer the healthcare needs of the developed world population, but also the developing world. As such the thesis argues that India ought to stand at the forefront again, this time, demonstrating the potential within patent to establish low cost patented pharmaceuticals marketplace in developing countries.</p>

scholarly journals Developing World Users as Lead Users: A Case Study in Engineering Reverse Innovation

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Judge ◽  
Katja Hölttä-Otto ◽  
Amos G. Winter
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reverse Innovation ◽  
Wheelchair Users ◽  
Disruptive Innovations ◽  
Lead Users ◽  
Developed World

This paper examines the “reverse innovation” of the leveraged freedom chair (LFC), a high-performance, low-cost, off-road wheelchair originally designed for developing countries. A needs study of 71 developed world wheelchair users was conducted through three different data collection efforts. These data were contrasted with studies of 125 developing world wheelchair users, who were shown to be lead users for their developed world counterparts. The GRIT freedom chair (GFC), the developed world version of the LFC, was designed based on results of the study. By recognizing developing country users as lead users, designers can reveal latent needs and create globally disruptive innovations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document