Alcohol Effects on Information Processing Time with an Overlearned Task1

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 835-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Moskowitz ◽  
Marcelline Burns
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Response Uncertainty ◽  
Response Latencies ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Alcohol Impairment ◽  
Alcohol Effects ◽  
Alcohol Treatments

Response latencies in naming visually displayed numbers were measured for 20 Ss under control and alcohol treatments. The size of the stimulus pool was varied by sets of trials to produce stimulus-response uncertainty in the range 0 to 5 bits. Response latencies were a function of the amount of uncertainty, but alcohol impairment was not.

Visually Guided, Aimed Movements Are Unaffected by Stimulus- Response Uncertainty

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane A. Belovsky ◽  
Charles E. Wright ◽  
Valerie F. Marino ◽  
Charles Chubb
Keyword(s):  
Visually Guided ◽  
Response Uncertainty ◽  
Stimulus Response

Effects of Alcohol on Peripheral Vision as a Function of Attention

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Moskowitz ◽  
Satanand Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Peripheral Vision ◽  
Performance Decrement ◽  
Fixation Light ◽  
Peripheral Sensory ◽  
Alcohol Treatments ◽  
Sensory Mechanisms ◽  
Central Fixation

Twelve males were tested under a control and two alcohol treatments in a perimeter apparatus used for testing peripheral vision. They were required to fixate either on a steady-state central fixation light and detect peripheral lights, or to count blinks produced by the cessations of the fixation light and to detect peripheral lights. Alcohol produced an impairment of peripheral vision only under conditions where the central fixation light blinked and thus required information processing. No performance decrement occurred when the central light did not blink. The results suggest that alcohol interferes with central information processing rather than peripheral sensory mechanisms.

Alcohol Effects on Driver Risk Taking

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 579-582
Author(s):  
R. Wade Allen ◽  
Stephen H. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Performance Variability ◽  
Signal Light ◽  
Alcohol Impairment ◽  
Alcohol Effects

This paper reviews selected results from past driving simulator studies. The driving tasks include steering regulation against wind/road disturbances, speed control on curves, and decision making in a signal light situation. A common alcohol impairment mechanism is found in each of these situations, namely increased driver variability. The driver's risk exposure also increases with alcohol impairment and is extremely sensitive to performance variability changes. It is hypothesized that drivers are not generally aware of risk exposure, even under alcohol-impaired conditions. Countermeasure approaches to driver impairment are also discussed.

scholarly journals Ultrastable stimulus-response latencies: Acquisition and stimulus control

1980 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon W. Hopkins ◽  
Alfred B. Kristofferson
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Control ◽  
Response Latencies ◽  
Stimulus Response

Aging, Reaction Time, and Stages of Information Processing

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Vercruyssen ◽  
Barbara L. Carlton ◽  
Virginia Diggles-Buckles
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Response Selection ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Response Stimulus ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Stimulus Degradation

Using Sternberg's (1969) Additive Factors Method (AFM), previous investigations in search of the locus of age-related slowing in reactive capacity have found conflicting results possibly due to inconsistencies in research methodologies. This experiment was conducted to examine age differences in the performance of AFM intratask manipulations of a reaction time task using both fixed and variable foreperiod conditions with subject testing at both naive and practiced skill levels. Twenty male subjects, ten young and ten old, performed a visual four-choice RT task with intratask manipulations of stimulus-degradation, stimulus-response compatibility, and response-stimulus intervals (RSIs were fixed at 0, 2, and 5 sec and variable with random presentations at 0, 2, and 5 sec), once when subjects were naive and again when practiced. The results varied by level of practice and RSI, but clearly the older subjects had difficulty with the intratask manipulations. The older subjects took twice as long, on the average, to respond. Interactions of age by compatibility suggest that, according to the AFM, with age comes inordinately long delays in the response selection stage of information processing. Conclusions are made with caution since this research points to limitations and methodological confounds which serve to explain many of the equivocal findings in previous studies.

Selective Effects of Physical Exercise on Choice Reaction Processes

1998 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Arcelin ◽  
Didier Delignieres ◽  
Jeanick Brisswalter
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Time Uncertainty ◽  
Reaction Processes ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of an exercise of moderate intensity (60% of maximal aerobic power) on specific information-processing mechanisms. 22 students completed 3 10-min. exercise bouts on a bicycle ergometer. Concomitantly, participants performed six manual choice-reaction tasks manipulating task variables (Signal Intensity, Stimulus–Response Compatibility, and Time Uncertainty) on two levels. Reaction tests, randomly ordered, were administered at rest and during exercise. A significant underadditive interaction between Time Uncertainty and exercise was found for the highest quartiles of the distribution of reaction times. No other interaction effects were obtained for the other variables. These results reasonably support that moderate aerobic exercise showed selective rather than general influences on information processing.

Discrete Finger Response Latencies in a Simple Reaction Time Task

1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 863-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos J. Adam ◽  
Loe M. A. Van Veggel
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Multiple Response ◽  
Simple Reaction Time Task ◽  
Response Latencies ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Single Response

The present study evaluated the potential for neuroanatomical factors to operate in a simple reaction time task. That is, response latencies were recorded for all ten fingers on a Donders' A reaction time task. Two finger-placement conditions were used, a single response key condition and a multiple response key condition. This latter condition required subjects to place all ten fingers on response keys. 30 male, right-handed subjects participated. No significant effects were found, indicating that there are no intrinsically slow or fast fingers. This finding is discussed in the context of reaction time differences between individual stimulus-response (finger) pairs in choice-reaction time tasks.

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