Tobacco-Smoke Incursions and Satisfaction Among Residents With Children in Multiunit Housing, United States, 2013

Objectives: Residents of multiunit housing can be exposed to tobacco smoke even if they do not permit smoking in their homes. Although even low levels of tobacco smoke exposure can cause health problems for children and adults, some landlords are reluctant to ban smoking for fear of decreased occupancy rates or tenant satisfaction. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of tobacco smoke-free policies and tobacco-smoke incursions on housing satisfaction in multiunit housing residences with children. Methods: In 2013, 3696 randomly sampled US adult multiunit housing dwellers were invited to participate in a survey, and 3253 (88%) participated. Of these, 3128 responded to the question about having a child in the home, and 835 (27%) reported having a child in the home. We collected data on demographic characteristics, tobacco-smoke incursions, knowledge and attitudes about smoking policies, and housing satisfaction for this sample of 835 residents. Results: Of the 827 residents who responded to the question, 755 (91.3%) agreed that tenants have a right to live in a tobacco smoke-free building. Although 672 of 835 (80.5%) residents were not cigarette smokers, most lived where smoking was permitted in the units (n = 463, 56.9%) or on the property (n = 571, 70.5%). Of 580 non-cigarette smoking residents who lived where no one had smoked cigarettes in the home for the past 3 months, 144 (25.2%) reported a recent tobacco-smoke incursion. Of these 144 residents, 143 (99%) were bothered. Few (36/143, 25.2%) complained to the landlord. Reasons for not complaining were reluctance to upset neighbors or concern about retaliation. Tobacco-smoke incursions and housing/landlord satisfaction were inversely related ( P < .05). Conclusion: Multiunit housing residents living with children in the United States strongly support smoke-free multiunit housing.

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Smoking Policies of Licensed Child Day-Care Centers in the United States

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.91.2.460 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 91 (2) ◽

pp. 460-463

Author(s):

David E. Nelson ◽

Jeffrey J. Sacks ◽

David G. Addiss

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Day Care ◽

The United States ◽

Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽

Day Care Centers ◽

Child Day Care ◽

Smoking Policies ◽

Child Day Care Centers

The authors analyzed data from a national survey of 2003 directors of licensed child day-care centers to determine employee smoking policies, measure compliance with state and local employee smoking regulations for child day-care centers and state clean indoor air laws, and to estimate the extent of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in these settings. Forty states regulated employee smoking in child day-care centers, but only three states required day-care centers to be smoke-free indoors. More than 99% of licensed child day-care centers had employee smoking policies that complied with the appropriate state or local smoking regulations. Nearly 55% of centers were smoke-free indoors and outdoors, and 26% were smoke-free indoors only. The best predictors of more stringent employee smoking policies were location in the West or South, smaller size, independent ownership, or having written smoking policies. Despite the presence of strong smoking policies at the majority of licensed child day-care centers, more than 752000 children in the United States are at risk for environmental tobacco smoke exposure in these settings. Health care professionals and parents should insist that child day-care centers be smoke-free indoors and, preferably, smoke-free indoors and outdoors.

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Involuntary Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Urinary Levels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the United States, 1999 to 2002

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention ◽

10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0939 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 884-893 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Plernpit Suwan-ampai ◽

Ana Navas-Acien ◽

Paul T. Strickland ◽

Jacqueline Agnew

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

The United States ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽

Urinary Levels ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic

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Association of Environmental tobacco smoke exposure with depression among non-smoking adults

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11780-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle ◽

Jeffery Osahon Asowata ◽

Jung Eun Lee ◽

Onoja Matthew Akpa

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Age Groups ◽

The United States ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression

Abstract Background Depression is a psychological dysfunction that impairs health and quality of life. However, whether environmental tobacco smoke exposure (ETSE) is associated with depression is poorly understood. This study was designed to evaluate the association of ETSE with depression among non-smoking adults in the United States. Method Using the 2015–2016 United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we identified 2623 adults (females – 64.2%, males – 35.8%) who had never smoked and applied multivariable adjusted-logistic regression to determine the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) at P < 0.05 for the association of ETSE with depression adjusting for relevant confounders. Results Mean age of respondents was 46.5 ± 17.9 years, 23.5% reported ETSE, and 4.7% reported depression. Also, aORs for the association of ETSE with depression were 1.992 (1.987, 1.997) among females and 0.674 (0.670, 0.677) among males. When we examined the association by age groups, the aORs were 1.792 (1.787, 1.796) among young adults (< 60 years) and 1.146 (1.140, 1.152) among older adults (≥60 years). Conclusions We found that ETSE was associated with higher odds of depression among females but not among males.

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Research Note: Smoking in Prisons—A National Survey of Correctional Administrators in the United States

Crime & Delinquency ◽

10.1177/0011128793039002007 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 225-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Michael S. Vaughn ◽

Rolando V. del Carmen

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Case Studies ◽

National Survey ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

The United States ◽

Research Note ◽

Correctional Institutions ◽

Pros And Cons ◽

The Impact

This article presents a national survey that assesses the policies of correctional institutions regarding staff and inmate exposure to secondary tobacco smoke. Correctional administrators from the 50 states were queried about smoking problems in prisons, focusing on disputes among inmates, among staff, and between staff and inmates. The respondents identified nonsmoking areas in their facilities and listed the various administrative responses used to alleviate the problem. The article compares the opinions of administrators on the impact of a policy that restricts or bans smoking with case studies of institutions that have already banned smoking, and concludes that more research is needed to determine the relative pros and cons of restricting or banning smoking in prisons.

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