Road Traffic Accident Related Morbidity as Seen in an Accident and Emergency Department

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Galloway ◽  
A. R. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department ◽  
Serious Injuries

This paper describes some of the findings of a prospective study of victims of road traffic accidents arriving at the Western Infirmary's Accident and Emergency Department over a period of 12 months. More than half the accidents occurred during leisure hours thus likely to stretch the resources of the hospital services. More than a third of the total number of patients were young male drivers. Serious injuries were significantly more often sustained among pedestrians who were often older. Victims of motor-cycle accidents less often escaped serious injuries. Blood ethanol studies on a small sample suggested that male pedestrians were often highly intoxicated. A public health education programme is regarded as a primary measure in preventing a large proportion of serious morbidity and mortality especially amongst pedestrians.

scholarly journals Applying quality improvement principles to improve accident and emergency department overcrowding and flow in Rwanda: a case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Claude Byiringiro ◽  
Rex Wong ◽  
Caroline Davis ◽  
Jeffery Williams ◽  
Joseph Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Triage System ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department ◽  
The Impact

Few case studies exist related to hospital accident and emergency department (A&E) quality improvement efforts in lowerresourced settings. We sought to report the impact of quality improvement principles applied to A&E overcrowding and flow in the largest referral and teaching hospital in Rwanda. A pre- and post-intervention study was conducted. A linked set of strategies included reallocating room space based on patient/visitor demand and flow, redirecting traffic, establishing a patient triage system and installing white boards to facilitate communication. Two months post-implementation, the average number of patients boarding in the A&E hallways significantly decreased from 28 (pre-intervention) to zero (post-intervention), p < .001. Foot traffic per dayshift hour significantly decreased from 221 people to 160 people (28%, p < .001), and non-A&E related foot traffic decreased from 81.4% to 36.3% (45% decrease, p < .001). One hundred percent of the A&E patients have been formally triaged since the implementation of the newly established triage system. Our project used quality improvement principles to reduce the number of patients boarding in the hallways and to decrease unnecessary foot traffic in the A&E department with little investment from the hospital. Key success factors included a collaborative multidisciplinary project team, strong internal champions, data-driven analysis, evidence-based interventions, senior leadership support, and rapid application of initial implementation learnings. Results to date show the application of quality improvement principles can help hospitals in resource-limited settings improve quality of care at relatively low cost.

scholarly journals Analysis of Road Traffic Crashes—Related Maxillofacial Injuries Severity and Concomitant Injuries in 201 Patients Seen at the UCH, Ibadan

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Aladelusi ◽  
Victor Akinmoladun ◽  
Adeola Olusanya ◽  
Oladimeji Akadiri ◽  
Abiodun Fasola
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Maxillofacial Injuries ◽  
Maxillofacial Injury ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of road traffic crashes (RTC)–related maxillofacial injuries, the concomitant injuries occurring with them, and to assess the relationship between the severity of maxillofacial and concomitant injuries. This was a prospective study involving 201 victims of RTC seen at the Accident and Emergency Department of the University College Hospital, Ibadan with maxillofacial injuries during the study period. Demographic data of the patients, the types of maxillofacial injuries, and concomitant injuries sustained were recorded. Severity of maxillofacial injury was determined using the maxillofacial injury severity scale (MFISS), while the severity of concomitant injuries was based on the ISS. Correlations between types and severity of maxillofacial injury and types and severity of concomitant injury were conducted to determine the predictability of concomitant injuries based on maxillofacial injury severity. Data were processed using SPSS Statistical software (SPSS, version 20.0 for windows, IBM SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). Maxillofacial injuries constituted 25.4% of RTC-related admission by the Accident and Emergency Department. A total of 151 (75.1%) patients who presented with concomitant injuries participated in the study. Eighty-one (53.6%) sustained injuries to more than one body region. Head injury was the commonest (99, 65.6%) concomitant injury, followed by orthopedic injury (69, 45.7%). Increasing severity of maxillofacial injury showed a positive correlation with increasing ISS. Also, positive correlation was noted with increasing severity of maxillofacial injury and presence of polytrauma ( p = 0.01), traumatic brain injury ( p = 0.034), and eye injuries ( p = 0.034). There was a high prevalence of maxillofacial injuries in victims of RTC. There was a high incidence of concomitant injuries noted with these maxillofacial injuries. Significantly, this study showed a direct relationship between the severity of maxillofacial injury and head, ocular and polytrauma. This study further emphasizes the need for thorough examination of patients presenting with RTC-related maxillofacial injuries.

Changing Pattern of Pediatric Maxillofacial Injuries at the Accident and Emergency Department of the University Teaching Hospital, Ibadan–A Four-Year Experience

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria N. Okoje ◽  
Temitope O. Alonge ◽  
Olufemi A. Oluteye ◽  
Obafunke O. Denloye
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Maxillofacial Injuries ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Gunshot Injuries ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department

AbstractIntroduction:Maxillofacial injuries are common among polytraumatized patients, and in Nigeria, the incidence seems to be on the increase. This probably is related to the drive of industrialization and the increase in the number of road traffic accidents. Delays in attending to severe maxillofacial injuries can be grave because of concomitant injuries that can be life threatening.Methods:This is a prospective review of maxillofacial injuries in patients ≤16 years of age who were seen at the Accident and Emergency Department between October 2002 and December 2006. In all the patients, the accident and emergency physicians carried out initial resuscitation, and thereafter, they were referred to the maxillofacial unit on call.Results:A total of 611 patients with maxillofacial injuries were seen during the study period and of this, 134 (22%) were ≤16 years old. The male:female ratio was 1.1:1.0. Road traffic accident (RTA) was the most common etiological factor in 73 (54.5%) cases, while gunshot injuries accounted for 6 (4.4%) cases. Soft tissue lacerations were the most common maxillofacial injuries occurring in 90 (55.9%) cases; mandibular fractures were the most common bony injury in 17 (13.4%).Conclusions:The upsurge in maxillofacial gunshot injuries in the pediatric age group is alarming and this may be a reflection of the global changes (westernization and drug-related offenses like armed robberies) and the harsh economic conditions in this community.

scholarly journals Injury patterns in patients with QINGQI motorcycle rickshaw related road traffic accidents presenting at accident and emergency department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (07) ◽  
pp. 1476-1481
Author(s):  
Waseem Sadiq Awan ◽  
Arslan Ahmed ◽  
Umme Bilqees ◽  
Unaiza Malik ◽  
M. Kashaf Naseer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the patterns of the injuries in patients of Qingqi rickshaw related accidents. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional study. Setting: Accident and Emergency Department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Period: Six months from 1st of March, 2019 to 31st of August, 2019. Material & Methods: Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used and all tri-wheeler Qingqi related trauma patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Frequency and percentages were calculated for patterns of injuries and presented as tables. Results: A total of 356 Qingqi rickshaw related injured patients presented in six months study period. There were 243 (68.3%) males and 113 (31.7%) females and a mean age of 32.5 +2.5 years. Soft tissues injuries like subcutaneous edema, abrasions and lacerations were noticed in 206 patients (57.9%). Most common region involved was lower limb in 98 (27.5%) cases followed by upper limb trauma in 65 (18.2%) cases. Ploy trauma was present in 58 (16.3%) and head and spinal injuries were noticed in 27 (7.6%) and13 (3.7%) cases, respectively. The turning over of the rickshaw due to different reasons (47.2%) and head on collision (38.4%) were the leading cause of serious injuries. None of the Qingqi rickshaw drivers (0%) were wearing helmet. A total of 46 (12.9%) cases were pedestrians. Three patients had to undergo amputation for mangled limb injuries. Conclusion: The common pattern of injuries related to Qingqi accidents include lower limb injuries followed by upper limb and poly trauma comprising of head injuries. Males in their younger age group are most commonly injured. These accidents can result in serious morbidity and even mortality. It is now time to consider measures for safety of three-wheelers to reduce such incidents.

scholarly journals Outcome in consecutive emergency department attenders following a road traffic accident

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Mayou ◽  
Bridget Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Accident And Emergency

BackgroundLittle is known about the consequences of road traffic accidents.AimsTo determine psychological and social outcome at 3 months and I year following a road traffic accident.MethodA cohort study of a 1-year sample of consecutive attenders (n=1148) aged 17–69 years at the accident and emergency department of a teaching district general hospital (excluding major head injury). Data were extracted from medical notes and from self-report at baseline, 3 months and 1 year.ResultsMost (61%) injuries were physically minor. At 1 year 45% reported major physical problems and 32% reported psychiatric consequences. Non-injury variables were the principal predictors of outcome.ConclusionsOutcome across a range of variables is considerably worse than would be expected from the nature of the physical injuries. There is a need for changes in clinical care and socio-legal policy to prevent, identify and treat distressing and disabling chronic problems.

Use of an accident and emergency department observation ward in the management of head injury

1993 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. T. Brown ◽  
G. J. Wilkes ◽  
C. T. Myers ◽  
R. E. Maclaren
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department

Hand Infections: An Audit of 160 Infections Treated in an Accident and Emergency Department

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. STEVENSON ◽  
I. W. R. ANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Mean Delay ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Careful Assessment

160 consecutive hand infections presented to an Accident and Emergency department over a four-month period. All but one were treated solely on an out-patient basis. The mean delay to presentation was three days, the mean duration of treatment was six days. Follow-up to complete resolution was achieved in 89% of cases. No patients were treated with parenteral antibiotics. The need for careful assessment, early aggressive surgery, and meticulous attention to the principles of wound care by experienced clinicians is emphasized.

scholarly journals Radiological features of body packers: An experience from a regional accident and emergency department in close proximity to the Hong Kong International Airport

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-210
Author(s):  
Ho Kai Patrick Tsang ◽  
Cheuk Kei Kathy Wong ◽  
Oi Fung Wong ◽  
Wing Lun William Chan ◽  
Hing Man Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Body Packing ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department ◽  
Body Packers ◽  
Solid Form ◽  
Hong Kong International Airport

Background: Body packing is a frequently used method for drug trafficking. Local information about the clinical and radiological features of body packing is lacking. Objectives: To evaluate the radiological features of body packers presenting to a hospital near to the Hong Kong International Airport and to compare the radiological features of solid form versus liquid cocaine. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. Medical notes of 269 suspected body packers, presenting to the Accident and Emergency Department of North Lantau Hospital under the detention by the law enforcement personnel from 1st January 2015 to 28th February 2017, were reviewed. The radiological features of body packing were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Sixty-nine cases were confirmed body packers radiographically. Majority of them (81%, 56/69) were cocaine packers. Powder form cocaine (67%, 49/69) was the most popular drug packed, followed by liquid cocaine (15%, 10/69). There was a trend of increasing incidence of liquid cocaine packers. The classical ‘double condom’, ‘tic tac’ and ‘halo’ signs were present in 94%, 72.5% and 42% of cases with radiologically confirmed body packing respectively. The ‘rosette’ sign was only identified in 1 case. Three new radiological signs, the ‘bag of eggs’, ‘lucent triangle’ and ‘black crescent’ sign, were suggested to aid identification of drug packets. The classical ‘tic tac’ sign was absent in all liquid cocaine packing cases (p<0.05). The liquid cocaine packets appeared irregular with indistinct border in majority of cases (p<0.05). The solid form packets were mostly opaque to faeces while liquid cocaine had variable density (p<0.05). Most solid form packets had homogeneous content which was in contrast to the heterogeneous content in liquid cocaine (p<0.05). Conclusion: Failure in detecting drug body packing may result in medicolegal consequences. Emergency physicians need to be aware of subtle radiological signs of liquid cocaine packets in the plain abdominal radiography.

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