A Cohort Location Model of household sorting in US metropolitan regions

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Estiri ◽  
Andy Krause
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Location Model ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Housing Consumption ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Metropolitan Development ◽  
Housing Career ◽  
The City

In this paper we propose a household sorting model for the 50 largest US metropolitan regions and evaluate the model using 2010 Census data. To approximate residential locations for household cohorts, we specify a Cohort Location Model (CLM) built upon two principle assumptions about housing consumption and metropolitan development/land use patterns. According to our model, the expected distance from the household’s residential location to the city centre(s) increases with the age of the householder (as a proxy for changes in housing career over life span). The CLM provides a flexible housing-based explanation for household sorting patterns in US metropolitan regions. Results from our analysis on US metropolitan regions show that households headed by individuals under the age of 35 are the most common cohort in centrally located areas. We also found that households over 35 are most prevalent in peripheral locations, but their sorting was not statistically different across space.

scholarly journals Estimating historical land use patterns in Amazonia for hydrological studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
Christiane Cavalcante Leite ◽  
Marcos Heil Costa ◽  
Ranieri Carlos Ferreira de Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Land Use ◽  
Past Land Use

The evaluation of the impacts of land-use change on the water resources has been, many times, limited by the knowledge of past land use conditions. Most publications on this field present only a vague description of the past land use, which is usually insufficient for more comprehensive studies. This study presents the first reconstruction of the historical land use patterns in Amazonia, that includes both croplands and pasturelands, for the period 1940-1995. During this period, Amazonia experienced the fastest rates of land use change in the world, growing 4-fold from 193,269 km2 in 1940 to 724,899 km2 in 1995. This reconstruction is based on a merging of satellite imagery and census data, and provides a 5'x5' yearly dataset of land use in three different categories (cropland, natural pastureland and planted pastureland) for Amazonia. This dataset will be an important step towards understanding the impacts of changes in land use on the water resources in Amazonia.

Linking processes and patterns: Spatial planning, governance and urban sprawl in the Barcelona and Milan metropolitan regions

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (16) ◽  
pp. 3650-3668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Pagliarin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Regulatory Systems

Governance dynamics and spatial planning regulations are significant factors in the occurrence (or containment) of urban sprawl. However, qualitative investigations of the planning regulatory systems and practices, and governance arrangements that cumulatively stimulate suburbanisation, typically remain detached from land-change analyses. Based on the concept of institutional frames of spatial planning systems, this article elucidates how governance dynamics and spatial planning practices, at different scales, can partially explain suburban land-use patterns. The territorial transformations of two Southern European metropolitan regions, Barcelona and Milan, are examined through land-use data (1990–2012) at different territorial scales. Demographic (1991–2011) and administrative (2011) data are also analysed. In-depth interviews about individual and collective land management practices have been carried out, as well as document analysis concerning spatial planning laws and regulations. This research shows that the metropolitan character of urban sprawl originates from local planning practices mainly performed by municipal authorities through land-use micro-transformations. Further, it highlights the decisive role that higher-level institutions can play in land containment. Urban sprawl is hence not necessarily an unplanned phenomenon, but rather a ‘differently planned’ local and regional land-use strategy.

Villages in the City: Patterns of Urbanization in the Pearl River Delta, Dakar, and Zanzibar

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-76
Author(s):  
Garth Myers
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
Urban Transformations ◽  
Global North ◽  
The Pearl River ◽  
The City

The second chapter centers on patterns, specifically the geographic land-use and housing patterns common to rapid urbanization that overtakes the surrounding countryside. The chapter uses the Chinese concept of chengzhongcun, or urbanized village, along with the related concepts of chengbiancun and chengwaicun, villages on the city-edge and in the suburbs, and Chinese scholarship analyzing what happens to them in the PRD. The chapter applies these ideas to other similarly rapid urban transformations in Dakar and Zanzibar, with references to the comparability in other cities of the book. The purpose is to work toward conceptualizing from outside global North frameworks when looking at land-use patterns in urbanization. If one seeks to understand the patterns of 21st century planetary urbanization, one ought to look at the places where those patterns are most rapidly transforming the landscape and find the language there that is used to describe and analyze them. This chapter is a small experiment in doing so.

Land-Use Patterns In The City

1969 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-306
Author(s):  
Fred A. Lampe ◽  
Orval C. Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
The City

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK PERKEMBANGAN STRUKTUR RUANG IBU KOTA KECAMATAN GEMOLONG KABUPATEN SRAGEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Dhoni Setiawan ◽  
Mardwi Rahdriawan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
The People ◽  
The City

<p>City is a space that serves as a center place of activities, over time the city was experiencing growth and development, both physical and non-physical conditions. So these conditions affect the change in the pattern of land use, activity system as well as the pattern of people and goods mobility that are happening in the urban system. The phenomenon of the emergence of new urban areas (cities and towns) in IKK Gemolong causes changes in land use patterns along the road corridor is experiencing rapid development, it is evidenced by the increased activity and physical growth of the city. The conditions were observed with the growth of new activities such as residential, commercial district and other commercial areas. So that it will affect land use patterns, activities systems and people and goods mobility patterns that occur, which in turn will affect the characteristics of the spatial structure of the development of IKK Gemolong formed as a town in Sragen. The focus of discussion such as land use, population activity systems, as well as the people and goods mobility which the influencing factors of the formation of the spatial structure of a city. The study is considered important because as the basis for consideration in the development of towns in the future. This is because the policy of urban development continues in administrative and sectoral nature, so the presence of the regional autonomy policy of development with regional and integrated system and assessed more quickly to implement. This study used quantitative an quantitative study method. The analysis results indicated the characteristics of land use in Gemolong dominated by settlements, while the commercial district developed along the main streets of this town because Gemolong have function as service centers for its surrounding areas. The residents of Gemolong mostly have work in the non-agricultural sectors, such as trade and services, while the population as a farmer is relatively small, so that these conditions indicated that Gemolong says as urban area. The people mobility in Gemolong originated from both internal and external area of the town in destination location of commercial areas to have studying, working, shopping and other purposes. The residents of Gemolong do not have to big cities to access the daily life necessities for since it is already available in Gemolong. Based on the phenomenon of Gemolong have a compact city type of development, while the structure of urban spaces that were formed have view more functioning of each of the regions even though the condition is still occurring mixture of functions. Then, the structure of urban spaces is the type of sector, although not as ideal as yet which happened in developed countries.</p>

scholarly journals Making Way for the Car: Minimum Parking Requirements and Porirua City Centre

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Angus Hulme-Moir
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Choice Data ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
Travel Decisions ◽  
Business District

<p>Minimum parking requirements (MPRs) mandate that each new development provides enough parking to ensure ample provision at the time of peak demand. This approach tends to oversupply parking above the optimal level, and by bundling parking into the development costs, ensures that parking is free to the user. As a result, land-use and transport decisions are distorted. A case study of Porirua central business district (CBD) was undertaken to investigate the use of MPRs in the New Zealand context, and to assess their impacts on transport and land-use patterns. Findings indicate that MPRs tend to oversupply parking relative to weekly mean and peak occupancies. Land use mapping found that 24 percent of CBD land is allocated to car parking and MPRs were shown to contribute to dispersed development patterns. Stated choice data and a cost recovery model for car parking highlight how free and ample car parking provision favours car driving and has distortionary impacts on travel decisions.</p>

Empirical Studies of Journeys to Work by Modes of Transport in Greater London: 1966 and 1971

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
K H Khaw
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Actual Number ◽  
Trip Length ◽  
Journey To Work ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
The City

With the use of 1971 journey-to-work census data for London, the spatial distributions of home and workplace locations at different distances from the city centre were analysed for the main modes of transport. The relationships among the fundamental quantities such as density, trip length, modal split, and level of car ownership were also investigated. These analyses were compared with those of corresponding 1966 data. The comparisons show that although the home density in 1971 within the first 2 km from the city centre decreased by approximately 21%, while the workplace density decreased only by approximately 4%, the actual number of workplaces within this range of distance fell by about 2·5 times that of the homes. The overall decrease in homes and workplaces resulted in a 9% drop in the total number of internal trips for London as a whole. Resolving these trips by modes of transport shows that rail, bus, and walk trips had decreased while car trips had increased. As a result, the most common mode of transport to work switched from bus in 1966 to car in 1971. This also contributed to the overall increase in the average trip length in 1971. The analysis on the level of car ownership for 1971 shows that more than 50% of the households located more than 12 km from the city centre had at least one car. On average, the number of cars per household in 1971 was approximately 0·64.

scholarly journals Post-Fordist Production and Urban Industrial Land Use Patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-333
Author(s):  
Frank Roost ◽  
Elisabeth Jeckel
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Industrial Land ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Industrial Land Use ◽  
The City

Economic restructuring of the 21st century is changing the production methods and location requirements of most industries. Mass production on the outskirts of cities, as was common in 20th century Fordism, is largely being replaced by an economic model characterised by a multitude of networked small and medium-sized production sites as well as logistics facilities. In this article, we want to examine if this also creates the opportunity to combine some of the smaller industrial areas with the city as a whole and to initiate a transformation of these areas in favour of redensification and mixed use. Examining the case of Kassel, Germany, we take a closer look at the transformation processes from Fordism to post-Fordism and the possibilities for a smarter land use. In this largely industrially shaped region, younger companies such as the solar panel producer SMA are using new approaches in terms of urban planning and land use by building their low emission-factories on greyfields in an urban environment rather than on suburban greenfields. In our article, we survey selected industrial areas in Kassel and discuss their recent change as part of a broader development from Fordism to post-Fordism. Firstly, the study contains a theoretical discussion of commercial and industrial land-use patterns in both socio-economic models. Subsequently, an on-site analysis is carried out to determine the extent to which both economic models have influenced the use and shape of industrial areas in Kassel. Based on this analysis, we finally show criteria for how urban planning can help to ensure that this change is combined with an improvement in the spatial and design quality of the industrial areas and is meaningfully integrated into the sustainable development of the city region.

scholarly journals Will autonomous vehicles undermine Ontario provincial policies to concentrate jobs and housing? Evidence from the Greater Toronto-Hamilton area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Travel Mode ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Transit Use ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

Fully autonomous vehicles (AVs) may drastically alter the way people travel and where they choose to live and work. AVs could lead to either more dispersed or concentrated land use patterns. The concentration of employment and residences—along with travel mode emphasis on transit, cycling and walking—is a central priority for Ontario’s Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe. This study explores responses to a 2016 survey of residents of the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, regarding the potential relocation of work or residence in response to AVs, to understand the locations and characteristics related and the potential impacts on land use that may result. There is potential for high-quality shared AV service to act as a concentrating force for residences in the City of Toronto and its western and northern suburbs. But there is also potential for AVs to disrupt travel mode-based objectives, eroding pedestrian and transit use. Key Words: Autonomous Vehicles, Land Use, Toronto

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