Deriving a Relative Price Index for Inclusion in International Tourism Demand Estimation Models: Comment

1987 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Witt ◽  
Christine A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Demand Estimation ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Estimation Models

Guidelines for Constructing a Tourist Price Index (English version)

1985 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
English Version ◽  
Tourism Product

The purpose of these guidelines is to furnish National Tourism Administrations with basic information, assessments and guidelines for constructing a tourist price index: an instrument that makes it possible to guide tourism policies and define actions and measures to be taken with regard to prices and promotion of the tourism product in the light of evolution in the domestic and international tourism demand.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Determinants of International Tourism Demand for Turkey: Panel Data Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ş. Mustafa Ersungur ◽  
Ömer Doru ◽  
Mehmet Barış Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Economic Determinants

Tourism is one of the main sectors that is rapidly growing across the world, especially for developing countries that yields considerable foreign exchange. In this sense, tourism has become a significant factor in the development processes that have been introduced in order to bring especially developing countries which have begun to develop aftermath of World War II closer to developed countries. Tourism is an important source of development for Turkey which has a high tourism potential. The aim of this study is to investigate the determinants of international tourism demand for Turkey with panel data method. Within this aim, the factors which affect movements of tourism have been tried to determine by using socio-economic data of 22 countries which generate the largest number of tourist from 2000 to 2014. The number of tourists from each selected country which come Turkey has been used as dependent variable in the study. As the independent variables; income levels and relative price levels of tourist sending countries, exchange rate variable between the two countries, political stability variable of tourist sending country and tourism expenditures per capita have included in the study. Within using panel data method, the findings of the study show that all the variables have received the expected sign. Therefore, these findings have indicated that they are effective on the tourism demand.

Modeling Tourism Demand of Iran and Selected Countries (Application of ARDL Method)

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Anahita Seifi ◽  
Samira Motaghi ◽  
Mojtaba Soltani Ahmadi ◽  
Dmitri Pletnev
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
National Income ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Tourism Attractions ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Today, the tourism industry is one of the most influential industries in the economies of societies, especially in countries seeking a substitute for the export of single-product resources. Having a young population seeking job and great tourism attractions in the region and the world, Iran is in a good place in terms of tourist attraction. Despite the favorable conditions, its status is not favorable in comparison to similar countries. Accordingly, the present study aims to analyze the main determinants of international tourism demand of Iran by examining the current and desirable situation during the period of 1991-2018. Also, it aims to estimate the function of tourism demand in Iran in this time period using the ARDL method. The results of the present study show that the variables of national income of the origin countries (tourist sender), the volume of trade between Iran and other countries, security, as well as the ratio of consumer price index in Iran to consumer price index in origin countries are the most important determinant indicators of Iran’s international tourism demand in the short and long term, respectively. In addition, the negative elasticity of security and price index and the positive elasticity of national income and trade volume, as well as the positive coefficient of the number of tourists in the previous period indicate the effect of these indicators in this study. Keywords: Tourism demand, ARDL, demand determinants.

scholarly journals COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 2297
Author(s):  
Stefan Franz Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Multiple Shock

This paper analyzes the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a small tourism dependent open economy. The lockdown affected both the demand side and the supply side of the economy, as production of goods and services dramatically dropped due to firms’ shutdowns, broken supply chains, or bankruptcies, and aggregate demand diminished due to lower consumer confidence and investment cutbacks, accompanied by a dramatic fall in international tourism demand, in particular due to travel restrictions. We look on these supply and demand changes through the lens of a macroeconomic model of a small open economy, comprising an industrial and a tourism sector. For this purpose, we modify Schubert’s (2013) model by introducing a multiple shock which reflects (i) reduced sectoral productivities due to, e.g., broken supply chains, (ii) a drop in employment due to firms’ lockdowns, and (iii) a sharp decline in international tourism demand. We find that the multiple shock leads to an immediate drop in GDP and a boost of the short-run unemployment rate, followed by a gradual transition back to steady state. The adverse effects on the tourism sector are the more severe the slower international tourism demand reverts to pre-crisis levels, but they do not strongly spill over to the industrial sector. Furthermore, even if international tourism demand recovers quickly, the effects on the industrial sector barely change. The length of the industrial sector’s recovery basically depends on the speed of restoring its sectoral productivity rather than on international tourism demand. The reason for this result can be found in the absorbing effect of the relative price of tourism services in terms of the industrial good.

Estimating the Impact of Avian Flu on International Tourism Demand Using Panel Data

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-I Kuo ◽  
Chia-Lin Chang ◽  
Bing-Wen Huang ◽  
Chi-Chung Chen ◽  
Michael McAleer
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Data Models ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Panel Data Models ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Avian Flu ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impacts of avian flu on global and Asian tourism using panel data procedures. Both static and dynamic fixed effects panel data models are adopted to estimate the impacts of this infectious disease. The empirical results from static and dynamic fixed effects panel data models are consistent and indicate that the number of affected poultry outbreaks has significant impacts on the international tourism of global and Asian affected countries. The high mortality rate among humans, the potential of a global flu pandemic and some media frenzy with hype and speculation might adversely affect the images of these infected destinations as a safe tourist destination. Moreover, it was found that the average damage to Asian tourism was more serious, which might have been induced by an ineffective suppression in numerous Asian infected countries. In addition, Asia was the earliest affected region and the area infected most seriously by avian flu, both in humans and in poultry. Since the potential risks and damage arising from avian flu and the subsequent pandemic influenza are much greater than for previous diseases, the need to take necessary precautions in the event of an outbreak of avian flu and pandemic influenza warrants further attention and action in modelling and managing international tourism demand and risk.

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