Elder Mistreatment in an Italian Population: Prevalence and Correlates

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Badenes-Ribera ◽  
Matteo A. Fabris ◽  
Claudio Longobardi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Elder Mistreatment ◽  
Population Prevalence ◽  
Paid Caregivers ◽  
Path Analysis Model

This study aimed to examine the prevalence of elder mistreatment (EM) in an Italian population and to determine the risk factors. The sample consisted of 393 older adults ( Mage = 77.07; standard deviation = 9.45) of whom 60.1% were females. The prevalence of EM was of 20.1%. Older elders who were separated, divorced, with a poor state of health, and problems of autonomy were more likely to experience EM. The most common forms of EM were physical/sexual (9.9%) and emotional mistreatment (9.9%). The most common perpetrators were paid caregivers and members of the victim’s family. A path analysis model suggested that limited autonomy and poor perceived health status appeared to be predictors of EM. We conclude that the results of this study have important implications in terms of reducing mistreatment of older adults. Understanding EM is essential to promoting equality, tolerance, and supportive attitudes and developing better prevention policies and practices.

scholarly journals Influential Path of Social Risk Factors toward Suicidal Behavior—Evidence from Chinese Sina Weibo Users 2013–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2604
Author(s):  
Yujin Han ◽  
He Li ◽  
Yunyu Xiao ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
Tingshao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Path Analysis Model

(1) Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine suicidal risk factors, the relationship and the underlying mechanism between social variables and suicidal behavior. We hope to provide empirical support for the future suicide prevention of social media users at the social level. (2) Methods: The path analysis model with psychache as the mediate variable was constructed to analyze the relationship between suicidal behavior and selected social macro variables. The data for our research was taken from the Chinese Suicide Dictionary, Moral Foundation Dictionary, Cultural Value Dictionary and National Bureau of Statistics. (3) Results: The path analysis model was an adequate representation of the data. With the mediator psychache, higher authority vice, individualism, and disposable income of residents significantly predicted less suicidal behavior. Purity vice, collectivism, and proportion of the primary industry had positive significant effect on suicidal behavior via the mediator psychache. The coefficients of harm vice, fairness vice, ingroup vice, public transport and car for every 10,000 people, urban population density, gross domestic product (GDP), urban registered unemployment rate, and crude divorce rate were not significant. Furthermore, we applied the model to three major economic development belts in China. The model’s result meant different economic zones had no influence on the model designed in our study. (4) Conclusions: Our evidence informs population-based suicide prevention policymakers that incorporating some social factors like authority vice, individualism, etc. can help prevent suicidal ideation in China.

scholarly journals COVID-19-Related Changes in Potential Risk Factors for Elder Mistreatment Reported by Caregivers of Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 940-940
Author(s):  
Lena Makaroun ◽  
Scott Beach ◽  
Tony Rosen ◽  
Ann-Marie Rosland
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Elder Mistreatment ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract In previous studies, caregiver (CG) stress, substance use, poor physical health, poor mental health, financial problems, and social isolation have been associated with increased risk of elder mistreatment (EM) for older care recipients (CR). This study aimed to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted these CG-related risk factors for EM in a community sample of CGs. A non-probability sample of 433 CGs caring for adult CRs age ≥60 years with physical (76%), cognitive (34%) and mental health (14%) conditions completed a survey on COVID-19 impacts in April-May 2020. CGs had mean age 61 (range 21 – 91), were 75% female and 92% non-Hispanic White. Over 40% of CGs reported doing worse financially since COVID-19. Compared to before COVID-19, 15% reported drinking more alcohol and 64% reported somewhat or greatly increased feelings of social isolation and loneliness. CGs reported that COVID-19 had made caregiving more physically (18.7%), emotionally (48.5%) and financially (14.5%) difficult, interfered with their own healthcare (19%), and led to family conflict over caring for CR (13.2%). Younger CGs (age <65) and those with annual income <$50,000 were more likely to report negative COVID-19 impacts. This study suggests CGs of older adults may be experiencing increased stress, alcohol use, social isolation and negative impacts on their own health and financial situation. Healthcare and social service providers should assess for these EM risk-factors in caregivers and connect them and their care recipients with resources and services to address these stressors to reduce risk of EM during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Elder Mistreatment in the Community: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 88-88
Author(s):  
David Burnes ◽  
David Hancock ◽  
John Eckenrode ◽  
Mark Lachs ◽  
Karl Pillemer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Elder Mistreatment ◽  
Financial Abuse ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Prior population-based elder mistreatment (EM) risk factor research has focused on problem prevalence using cross-sectional designs, which cannot make causal inferences between proposed risk factors and EM or discern existing cases from new cases entering the population. This study sought to estimate the incidence of EM and identify risk factors for new cases. It is a ten-year prospective, population-based cohort study with data collected between 2009 (Wave 1) and 2019 (Wave 2). Based on Wave 1 random, stratified sampling to recruit English/Spanish-speaking, cognitively intact, community-dwelling older adults (age ≥ 60) across New York State, this study conducted computer assisted telephone interviews (CATI) with 628 respondents participating in both Wave 1 and Wave 2 interviews (response rate=60.7%). Ten-year EM incidence was regressed on factors related to physical vulnerability, living arrangement, and socio-cultural characteristics using logistic regression. Ten-year incidence rates included overall EM (11.4%), financial abuse (8.5%), emotional abuse (4.1%), physical abuse (2.3%), and neglect (1.0%). Poor self-rated health at Wave 1 significantly predicted increased risk of new Wave 2 overall EM (odds ratio [OR]=2.8), emotional abuse (OR=3.67), physical abuse (OR=4.21), and financial abuse (OR=2.8). Black older adults were at significantly heightened risk of overall EM (OR=2.61), specifically financial abuse (OR=2.8). Change from co-residence (Wave 1) toward living alone (Wave 2) significantly predicted financial abuse (OR=2.74). Healthcare visits represent important opportunities to detect at-risk older adults. Race is highlighted as an important social determinant for EM requiring urgent attention. This study represents the first longitudinal, population-based EM incidence study.

scholarly journals Spirituality and quality of life in older adults: a path analysis model

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lima ◽  
Lurdes Teixeira ◽  
Raquel Esteves ◽  
Fátima Ribeiro ◽  
Fernanda Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Path Analysis Model

scholarly journals Changes in Elder Mistreatment Risk Factors Reported by Caregivers of Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 73-74
Author(s):  
Lena Makaroun ◽  
Scott Beach ◽  
Tony Rosen ◽  
Ann-Marie Rosland
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Elder Mistreatment ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Related Risk

Abstract This study aimed to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted caregiver (CG)-related risk factors for elder mistreatment (EM) in a community sample of CGs. A non-probability sample of 433 CGs caring for care recipients (CRs) age ≥60 years completed a survey on COVID-19 impacts in April-May 2020. Compared to before COVID-19, over 40% of caregivers reported doing worse financially, 16% were experiencing new financial hardship, 19.4% were a lot more worried about their financial situation, 15% reported drinking more alcohol, and 64% had somewhat or greatly increased feelings of social isolation and loneliness. CGs reported that COVID-19 had made caregiving more physically (18.7%), emotionally (48.5%) and financially (14.5%) difficult and interfered with their own healthcare (19%). Differences found between younger and older caregivers will be presented and implications of these increased CG-related EM risk factors for healthcare and social service providers discussed.

scholarly journals The association between choice stepping reaction time and falls in older adults--a path analysis model

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pijnappels ◽  
K. Delbaere ◽  
D. L. Sturnieks ◽  
S. R. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Path Analysis Model

scholarly journals A Path Analysis Model of Protection and Risk Factors for University Academic Stress: Analysis and Psychoeducational Implications for the COVID-19 Emergency

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús de la Fuente
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
University Students ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Product Model ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Process Product ◽  
Path Analysis Model

The aim of this research was to empirically validate hypothesized predictive relationships of protection and risk factors for experiencing academic stress. A synthesis of models—the presage–process–product model; the studying, learning and performing under stress competency model; and self- vs. external-regulatory theory—underlies the investigation and is important for assessment and guidance in stress situations within the university context. Over the course of an academic year, a sample of 564 Spanish university students voluntarily completed validated questionnaires, in an online format, on several psychological variables connected to academic stress. Correlational analysis and the path analysis model, within an ex post facto design, were used to build empirical models of the presage–process–product factors that constitute protection or risk factors in academic stress. Two statistically acceptable models appeared: one with protection factors and another with risk factors in predicting and preventing academic stress at a university. These results support the need for psychology units at university that have a preventive, health and education focus, going beyond the merely clinical. Focus on an individual is insufficient, given that there are also contextual factors that predispose academic stress. Discussion, conclusions, and implications for assessment and intervention in academic stress in university students and teachers, within the present COVID-19 crisis, are offered.

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