scholarly journals Does Campaigning on Social Media Make a Difference? Evidence From Candidate Use of Twitter During the 2015 and 2017 U.K. Elections

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 988-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Bright ◽  
Scott Hale ◽  
Bharath Ganesh ◽  
Andrew Bulovsky ◽  
Helen Margetts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Campaign Spending ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Campaign Effects ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
Campaigns And Elections ◽  
Political Campaigning ◽  
Core Feature ◽  
The Impact

Political campaigning on social media is a core feature of contemporary democracy. However, evidence of the effectiveness of this type of campaigning is thin. This study tests three theories linking social media to vote outcomes, using a novel 6,000 observation panel data set from two British elections. We find that Twitter-based campaigning does seem to help win votes. The impact of Twitter use is small, though comparable with campaign spending. Our data suggest that social media campaign effects are achieved through using Twitter as a broadcast mechanism. Despite much literature encouraging politicians to engage with social platforms in an interactive fashion, we find no evidence that this style of communication improves electoral outcomes. In light of our results, theories of how social media are changing processes of campaigns and elections are discussed and enhanced.

scholarly journals Investigating the impact of pre-processing techniques and pre-trained word embeddings in detecting Arabic health information on social media

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya Albalawi ◽  
Jim Buckley ◽  
Nikola S. Nikolov
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Word Embeddings ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of data pre-processing and word embedding techniques in the context of Arabic document classification in the domain of health-related communication on social media. We evaluate 26 text pre-processings applied to Arabic tweets within the process of training a classifier to identify health-related tweets. For this task we use the (traditional) machine learning classifiers KNN, SVM, Multinomial NB and Logistic Regression. Furthermore, we report experimental results with the deep learning architectures BLSTM and CNN for the same text classification problem. Since word embeddings are more typically used as the input layer in deep networks, in the deep learning experiments we evaluate several state-of-the-art pre-trained word embeddings with the same text pre-processing applied. To achieve these goals, we use two data sets: one for both training and testing, and another for testing the generality of our models only. Our results point to the conclusion that only four out of the 26 pre-processings improve the classification accuracy significantly. For the first data set of Arabic tweets, we found that Mazajak CBOW pre-trained word embeddings as the input to a BLSTM deep network led to the most accurate classifier with F1 score of 89.7%. For the second data set, Mazajak Skip-Gram pre-trained word embeddings as the input to BLSTM led to the most accurate model with F1 score of 75.2% and accuracy of 90.7% compared to F1 score of 90.8% achieved by Mazajak CBOW for the same architecture but with lower accuracy of 70.89%. Our results also show that the performance of the best of the traditional classifier we trained is comparable to the deep learning methods on the first dataset, but significantly worse on the second dataset.

Social Media Campaign Effects: Moderating Role of Social Capital in an Anti-Smoking Campaign

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Namkoong ◽  
Seungahn Nah ◽  
Stephanie K. Van Stee ◽  
Rachael A. Record
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Campaign Effects ◽  
Moderating Role

scholarly journals Social Media Applied to Tourism and Hospitality

2020 ◽  
pp. 270-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Pacheco ◽  
Fernando Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Consumer Reviews ◽  
Social Media Tools ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
The Impact

Online hotel reviews, ratings, or opinions have gained importance with the growth of social media tools. The objective of this chapter is to study the impact of specific satisfaction attributes on overall satisfaction. It is used a secondary data set obtained from three of the most influential online travel platforms, being analyzed the guests' average ratings for around 130 hotel units, distributed by four quality segments, located in the Porto metropolitan area. The application of this methodology to a large sample of Portuguese hotels has not been done before, been that the main contribution of this study. It is evidenced that the different platforms, while all incorporating consumer reviews as primary social knowledge, are distinct from each other on some aspects. The three platforms present roughly the same supply of hotels, albeit presenting some differences in terms of volume of data. In terms of specific attributes, with the exception of “service,” the three platforms present significant differences that may reflect the different user bases on these platforms.

EMERGENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC POLICY : A STUDY OF DELHI ASSEMBLY ELECTION 2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd. Safiullah ◽  
Pramod Pathak ◽  
Saumya Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Popular Opinion ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
National Congress ◽  
The Impact

The electronic revolution has made Social media one of the important tools for advertisement in the election. Social media has become a potent tool of expressing opinion worldwide. Even in an emerging economy like India, its growing impact is discernible. Its rise in popularity has made political parties think of its use as a means of both gauging and creating public opinion. The Delhi assembly in 2013 is a case in point. The present study aims to examine the impact of social media on public opinion, its significance as a measure of popular opinion and how it predicts popular opinion with the help of an evaluation of popularity on Facebookand its relationship with electoral outcomes. For this research 4,500,000 likes ofFacebook fan pagefor the month of December 2013 were taken into consideration. And the Political parties namely Indian National Congress (INC), BhartityaJanta Party (BJP) and AamAdmi Party (AAP), contesting for Delhi Assembly election. Linear Regression analysis method was used to analyzes the secondary data, the result indicates that 'Facebooklikes' of political parties and votes gained by political parties in Delhi Assembly election 2013 are positively correlated.

The Impact of Campaign Spending on Winning Open–Seat Elections to the U.S. House of Representatives

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Duquette ◽  
Steven B. Caudill ◽  
Franklin G. Mixon
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Campaign Spending ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimates ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Elective Office ◽  
Large Panel ◽  
Open Seat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The current study uses a large panel data set of open-seat races in die U.S. House of Representatives over the period 1990-2008 to explore the relationship between relative campaign spending and victory/defeat - the salient issue in political contests - in open-seat congressional races. According to maximum likelihood estimates, for Republican candidates, the probability of winning an open-seat election (wherein total campaign spending by both major political parties is $2.5 million) rises by 0.130 if that candidate increases, ceteris paribus, his or her campaign spending advantage from $0.25 million to $0.5 million, and again by 0.243 if the campaign spending advantage rises from $0.5 million to $1.0 million. Our results also indicate tJiat the national tide favoring Republicans in 1994 was clearly stronger than the national tide favoring Democrats in 2006. Finally, presidential coattails, political party influence, and candidates’ prior experience in elective office are all important in explaining wins/losses in open-seat election contests.

scholarly journals Ethical Crossroads: Expanded Access, Patient Advocacy, and the #SaveJosh Social Media Campaign

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. maapoc.0000019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth I. Moch
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Patient Advocacy ◽  
Experimental Medicine ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Expanded Access ◽  
Access Request ◽  
Patient Advocates ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Expanded access programs raise complex ethical dilemmas regarding the use of experimental medicines to treat life-threatening medical conditions – issues for which there are no simple, monolithic solutions. Beyond the risks to an individual, how does society or a company balance the immediate needs of a critically ill individual versus the potential needs of many future patients? This article offers insights into and learning experiences from the case of a 7-year-old boy whose family sought access to an experimental antiviral medicine being developed by Chimerix, where the author was Chief Executive Officer. The high-profile #SaveJosh social media campaign helped to catalyze and crystalize the international debate on issues of ethics and equity in expanded access, raising questions regarding the role of patient advocacy and the impact of social media on healthcare and the biopharmaceutical industry. Additionally, the #SaveJosh campaign demonstrated how easily thoughtful dialogue can be overwhelmed by a hyper-immediacy that increases the intensity and scrutiny under which these issues must be addressed. Given that the decision to grant an expanded access request lies solely with the leadership of the company developing the experimental medicine, management must evaluate and balance a request against what is known about the safety and efficacy of the compound, where it is in its testing pathway, and any other complexities or risks identified during the development process. Furthermore, companies must craft and be prepared to explain their rationale, including the right not to make an experimental medicine available, to regulators, legislators, patient advocates, and patients in need.

scholarly journals #Datasaveslives: mixed methods analysis of a social media campaign to promote the benefits of using health data for research purposes (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamiece Hassan ◽  
Goran Nenadic ◽  
Mary Patricia Tully
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Social media provides the potential to engage a wide audience about scientific research, including the public. However little empirical research exists to guide health scientists regarding what works and how to optimize impact. We examined the social media campaign #datasaveslives, which was established in 2014 to highlight positive examples of the use and reuse of health data in research. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to examine how the #datasaveslives hashtag was used on social media, how often and by whom; thus, the study aimed to provide insights into the impact of a major social media campaign in the UK health informatics research community and further afield. METHODS We analyzed all publicly available posts (tweets) between 1 September 2016 and 31 August 2017 on the microblogging platform Twitter that included the hashtag #datasaveslives (n=13,895). Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses, we determined the frequency and purpose of tweets. Social network analysis was used to analyze and visualize tweet sharing (‘retweet’) networks among hashtag users. RESULTS Overall, we found 4,175 original tweets and 9,720 retweets featuring #datasaveslives by 3,649 unique Twitter users. In total, 2,756 (66.0%) of original posts were retweeted at least once. Higher frequencies of tweets were observed during the weeks of prominent policy publications, popular conferences and public engagement events. Cluster analysis based on retweet relationships revealed an interconnected series of groups of #datasaveslives users in academia, health services and policy, and charities and patient networks. Thematic analysis of tweets showed that #datasaveslives was used for a broader range of purposes than indexing information, including event reporting, encouraging participation and action, and showing personal support for data sharing. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that a hashtag-based social media campaign was effective in encouraging a wide audience of stakeholders to disseminate positive examples of health research. Furthermore, the findings suggest the campaign supported community-building and bridging practices within and between the interdisciplinary sectors related to the field of health data science and encouraged individuals to demonstrate personal support for sharing health data. CLINICALTRIAL

The Wisconsin Spring After Two Gubernatorial Elections

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Cecilia G. Manrique
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Impact

Eight years have passed since the original Arab Spring in Tunisia took place in January 2011. It has been almost six years since the impact of the Wisconsin Spring on Scott Walker's attempts at policy changes in the state occurred. At that time, the effect of social media on public awareness and public participation in political events was considered new and innovative. Since then, Walker won a recall election and a re-election. He made a run for the Presidency and lost. In November 2018, Scott Walker was unseated in the gubernatorial race by Tony Evers. This chapter updates what has transpired since then and the impact of social media on the events in Wisconsin, determining whether social media impacted public opinion, political participation, and electoral outcomes in the state.

Calculating value: a digital library’s social media campaign

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Lamont ◽  
Jordan Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Testing Period ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss a social media campaign used to promote a digital library of archival resources. Design/methodology/approach – Librarians planned and executed a social media campaign using Tumblr and Pinterest and consulted Google Analytics and database reports to determine the impact. Findings – The campaign resulted in few conversions back to the digital library and little return on investment. Research limitations/implications – The campaign has been in effect for only five months, a longer testing period may be needed. Also, additional social media platforms will be added to the test. Originality/value – This is one of few examples of return on investment applied to social media and digital library promotion.

How Much Does Money Matter?

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
GARY W. COX ◽  
MICHAEL F. THIES
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Liberal Democratic Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Campaign Spending ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
The Impact

Japanese elections are notorious for the money that flows between contributors, politicians, and voters. To date, however, nobody has estimated statistically the impact of this money on electoral outcomes. Students of American politics have discovered that this question is difficult to answer because, although performance may depend on spending, spending may also depend on expected performance. In this article, the authors specify a two-stage least squares model that explains the vote shares of Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) candidates as a function of their own spending, spending by other candidates, and a battery of control variables. The multiple-candidate nature of Japanese elections means that district-level demographic variables are largely unrelated to any particular LDP candidate's vote share, so that these variables can be used to create instruments for campaign spending. The authors find that the marginal dollar of campaign spending buys the spender a great deal more in Japan than is true in the United States.

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