Tobacco Control and Beyond: The Broader Implications of United States—Clove Cigarettes for Non-Communicable Diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 265-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benn McGrady ◽  
Alexandra Jones
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Font Size ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tobacco Packaging ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

As implementation of the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) accelerates and states seek to address risk factors for non-communicable disease more broadly, tension has increased between the law of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and public health. For example, Indonesia recently brought a successful claim against a U.S. law that prohibits cigarettes with a characterizing flavor other than menthol or tobacco. Indonesia succeeded in arguing that the regulation discriminates against clove-flavored cigarettes of Indonesian origin in favor of menthol-flavored cigarettes of U.S. origin.Also in the WTO context, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, and Ukraine have challenged an Australian law prohibiting the presence of branding on tobacco packaging other than product and variant names in a standardized location, font size, and style. This regulation, commonly referred to as “plain packaging,” is the first of its kind and may represent a turning point in the regulation of tobacco packaging.

scholarly journals Meningkatnya Risiko Disabilitas Pada Penduduk Dengan Penyakit Tidak Menular: Analisa Lanjut Riskesdas 2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isfandari Siti ◽  
Betty Roosihermiatie
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disability Assessment ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The World ◽  
People With Disability ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Develop Program

Intersectoral approach is essential to develop program for people with disability in Indonesia. Coordination across ministries are necessary to manage this issue. The planning, provision and monitoring of medical and support services as well as program for population groups with disability may require assessment. Purpose of this study is to assess disability in Indonesia. Methods: performing analysis of disability data from 2013 Indonesian Household Health Survey known as Riskesdas. Level of disability obtained from two main population groups: those with and without non communicable disease (NCD). They then divided by age. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODASII) was used to measure disability. Results: contribution of NCD on disability is obvious among older age indicated by higher proportion of disability with NCD. While risk of disability among younger age is unclear, since disability with NCDproportion is lower than disability without NCD. Probably risk of disability among younger age is other than NCD. None of the groups had members with extreme disability on their global WHO-DASII scores. The analysis identifi es target groups for each stakeholder to develop program for people with disability to reach their maximum potential. Abstrak Penanganan penduduk dengan disabilitas membutuhkan keterlibatan lintas kementerian. Diperlukan informasi besar masalah penduduk dengan disabilitas di Indonesia. Analisa bertujuan mengetahui besaran masalah. Metode: analisa deskriptif univariat dan bivariat data disabilitas Riskesdas 2013 untuk memperoleh Informasi disabilitas seluruh penduduk. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa besaran disabilitas pada penduduk dengan dan tanpa Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM). Kelompok ini kemudian digolongkan menurut umur. Instrumen The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHO-DASII) digunakan untuk mengukur disabilitas. Hasil: 18% penduduk Indonesia mengalami disabilitas. Informasi lebih rinci 8,2% mengalami kesulitan ringan, 6,8% kesulitan sedang dan 3% kesulitan berat. Kontribusi PTM terhadap disabilitas terlihat jelas pada kelompok usia 45 tahun atau lebih ditunjukkan dengan lebih tingginya proporsi disabilitas dengan PTM. Sedangkan risiko disabilitas pada kelompok usia sebelum 45 tahun bukan PTM, karena proporsidisabilitas dengan PTM lebih rendah.

scholarly journals Country Participation in the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Health Warnings Database

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1179173X2110642
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Seitz ◽  
Kenneth D. Ward ◽  
Zubair Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Warning Labels ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Health Warning ◽  
Pictorial Warnings ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Tobacco Products ◽  
Tobacco Packaging

Background The World Health Organization’s (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) Health Warnings Database is an online, publicly available resource created for countries to upload and share pictorial health warnings for tobacco packaging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which the database is used by countries for the sharing of pictorial warnings. Methods The study’s sample included parties to the FCTC who required graphic health warning labels on cigarette packaging from. Those countries were categorized as having a low, middle, and high Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). The Health Warnings Database was then analyzed for those countries’ unique pictorial images, as well as the number of pictorials that were shared between countries. Results Of the 110 countries that required pictorial warnings on cigarette packaging, only 53 (48%) voluntarily contributed pictorials to the database, with most of those (53%) being high SDI-level countries. There were 342 unique pictorials on the database, with 62 images posted by seven countries that were used by 13 other countries. Conclusion While sharing was evident from the database, there remains a need for more countries to upload the pictorials to the database. There is also a need to expand the database to include alternative tobacco products, such as waterpipe tobacco and e-cigarettes.

Penerapan Fungsi Keluarga Dalam Kemampuan Merawat Anggota Keluarga Dengan Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-369
Author(s):  
Putri Ananda Salsabilla ◽  
Ricky Riyanto Iksan ◽  
Sri Atun Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Family Members ◽  
World Health ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Family Function ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

ABSTRACT : APPLICATION OF FAMILY FUNCTIONS IN ABILITY TO CARE FOR MEMBERS FAMILIES WITH STROKES Background: Stroke is a non-communicable disease that is one of the leading causes of death and disability rates in the world. Stroke becomes a health threat due to impaired cerebral function, both focal and global, which lasts quickly and lasts more than 24 hours or ends in death without the discovery of the disease other than vascular disorders (World Health, 2017). World Health Organization (2018) stroke sufferers are increasing every year.. It shows that every year there are 13.7 million new cases of stroke, and about 5.5 million deaths occur from stroke. About 70% of strokes and 87% of stroke deaths and disabilities occur in low- and middle-income countries.Objective: Identified Application of Family Function Intervention in the Ability to Care for Family Members With Stroke in the Puskesmas Area of North Meruya Village of West JakartaMethod: This type of research is case studydesign research that according to Basuki Case Study is a form of research on a problem that has the nature of specificity with individual or group targets, even the wider community. In this study, researchers conducted family function interventions in four families with strokes, namely the same four sufferers were given family function interventions.Results: The results of research conducted the influence of affective function, socialization function, economic function, and health care function with the application of nursing care in stroke patients.Conclusion: The conclusion of this study results in the application of family functions in the ability to care for family members with stroke experienced significant changes to intervention. Keywords: Family Function, Caring Ability, Stroke INTISARI : PENERAPAN FUNGSI KELUARGA DALAM KEMAMPUAN MERAWAT ANGGOTA KELUARGA DENGAN STROKE Latar Belakang: Stroke merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi salah satu penyebab utama angka kematian dan kecacatan di dunia. Stroke menjadi ancaman kesehatan karena gangguan fungsi serebral, baik fokal maupun global, yang berlangsung dengan cepat dan lebih dari 24 jam atau berakhir dengan kematian tanpa ditemukannya penyakit selain dari pada gangguan vaskular (World Health Organization, 2017). World Health Organization (2018) penderita stroke semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Menunjukkan bahwa setiap tahunnya ada 13,7 juta kasus baru stroke, dan sekitar 5,5 juta kematian terjadi akibat penyakit stroke. Sekitar 70% penyakit stroke dan 87% kematian dan disabilitas akibat stroke terjadi pada negara berpendapatan rendah dan menengah.Tujuan: Teridentifikasi Penerapan Intervensi Fungsi Keluarga Dalam Kemampuan Merawat Anggota Keluarga Dengan Stroke di Wilayah Puskesmas Kelurahan Meruya Utara Jakarta BaratMetode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian case studydesign yaitu menurut Basuki Case Study adalah bentuk penelitian suatu masalah yang memiliki sifat kekhususan dengan sasaran perorangan ataupun kelompok, bahkan masyarakat luas.Pada penelitian ini Peneliti melakukan Intervensi Fungsi keluarga pada empat keluarga dengan stroke yaitu keempat penderita sama – sama diberikan Intervensi Fungsi Keluarga.Hasil: Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan adanya pengaruh fungsi afektif, fungsi sosialisasi, fungsi ekonomi, dan fungsi perawatan kesehatan dengan penerapan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien stroke.Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini hasil penerapan fungsi keluarga dalam kemampuan merawat anggota keluarga dengan stroke mengalami perubahan yang signifikan terhadap intervensi. Kata Kunci : Fungsi Keluarga, Kemampuan Merawat, Stroke

scholarly journals Applicants sought for fellowships in intervention epidemiology in Europe (the EPIET programme)

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
World Health ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
European Programme

The European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET) started in 1995. The programme is funded by the European Commission and by various European Union (EU) member states as well as Norway and the World Health Organization (WHO). Subject to agreement for another round of funding, the ninth cohort of fellows will start in October 2003. The programme invites applications for 10 fellowships for this 24 month training programme in communicable disease field epidemiology.

scholarly journals Pelatihan konselor pemeriksaan sindrome metabolic pada pengurus majlis taklim masjid Al Mustaqim di Sanggrahan Kasihan Bantul

Hayina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Dika Rizki Imania ◽  
Mohammad Ali Imron
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Latar belakang :  World Health Organization (WHO) 2013 mengemukakan bahwa non-communicable disease (NCDs) merupakan tantangan kesehatan terbesar pada abad 21. Dari seluruh angka morbiditas NCDs, jumlah cardiovascular disease (CVD) merupakan yang terbesar yaitu 17,3 juta jiwa/ tahun.  Berkaitan dengan diabetes, pada sebagian penderita diabetes tipe dua atau intoleransi glukosa, didapatkan serangkaian faktor risiko yang muncul bersamaan dengan faktor risiko CVD. Fenomena tersebut disebut dengan kejadian sindrom metabolik. Tujuan : memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada kader untuk melakukan screening sindrom metabolik sehingga pengurus maupun peserta majlis taklim bisa mengubah pola hidup menjadi lebih sehat lagi. Metode : metode yang digunakan adalah koordinasi, pemberdayaan sumber daya manusia, promosi dan sosialisasi kader, pelatihan kader, penyusunan buku pedoman kader, pelaksanaan jasa layanan kesehatan, evaluasi kegiatan, dan pelaporan pencatatan kegiatan. Hasil : menghasilkan empat kader terlatih dan hasil pada peserta bahwa kategori usia dewasa akhir, lansia akhir dan manula lebih rentan terkena Sindrom Metabolik. Hasil akhir yang diharapkan dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengetahui pentingnya pengetahuan tentang sindrome metabolik. Kesimpulan :  Pemberian penyuluhan dan pelatihan kader dalam screening sindrome mmetabolik dapat menambah  pengetahuan dan wawasan  pengurus majlis taklim masjid Al Mustaqim Di Sanggrahan Ngestiharjo Kasihan Bantul.

scholarly journals Do Current Asthma-Preventive Measures Appropriately Face the World Health Organization's Concerns: A Study Presentation of a New Clinical, Prospective, Multicentric Pediatric Asthma Exacerbation Cohort in Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Aydin ◽  
Ella A. Naumova ◽  
Soeren Lutz ◽  
Almut Meyer-Bahlburg ◽  
Wolfgang H. Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Biomarker Research

In summer 2017, the World Health Organization published 10 facts on asthma, which is known as a major non-communicable disease of high clinical and scientific importance with currently several hundred million people—with many children among them—suffering from air passages inflammation and narrowing. Importantly, the World Health Organization sees asthma as being underdiagnosed and undertreated. Consequently, much more efforts in clinical disease management and research need to be spent on reducing the asthma-related health burden. Particularly, for young approximately 6 months aged patients presenting recurrent bronchitic respiratory symptoms, many parents anxiously ask the doctors for risk prognosis for their children's future life. Therefore, we urgently need to reevaluate if the current diagnostic and treatment measures are in concordance with our yet incomplete knowledge of pathomechanisms on exacerbation. To contribute to this increasing concern worldwide, we established a multicentric pediatric exacerbation study network, still recruiting acute exacerbated asthmatics (children >6 years) and preschool asthmatics/wheezers (children <6 years) since winter 2018 in Germany. The current study that has a currently population comprising 176 study participants aims to discover novel holistic entry points for achieving a better understanding of the poorly understood plasticity of involved molecular pathways and to define biomarkers enabling improved diagnostics and therapeutics. With this study description, we want to present the study design, population, and few ongoing experiments for novel biomarker research.Clinical Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register (Deutsches Register für Klinische Studien, DRKS): DRKS00015738.

Global Health Warnings on Tobacco Packaging: Evidence from the Canadian Experiment

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Gospodinov ◽  
Ian J. Irvine
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
World Health Assembly ◽  
The World ◽  
Tobacco Packaging

Abstract New health warnings on tobacco packaging in Canada became mandatory in January 2001. As of that time producers were required to print large-font warning text and graphic images describing the health consequences of using tobacco. This study uses micro data from two waves of Health Canada's Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Surveys bordering the legislation to investigate if the introduction of the warnings had any significant impacts on smokers. The recently drafted Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, under the sponsorship of the World Health Assembly, assigns a central role for this type of message. Our findings indicate that the warnings have not had a discernible impact on smoking prevalence. The evidence of their impact on quantity smoked is positive, though only at a relatively low level of confidence.

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