scholarly journals Intra- and Interpersonal Factors in Adolescence Predicting Loneliness among Young Adults with Visual Impairments

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Veerman ◽  
Eline Heppe ◽  
Deborah Gold ◽  
Sabina Kef
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Interpersonal Factors

Introduction: Youths with visual impairments (i.e., blindness or low vision) experience difficulties with forming and maintaining social relationships with peers. These difficulties challenge their psychosocial functioning and put them at risk of being lonelier later in life. The study’s primary goal was to investigate how intra- and interpersonal factors during adolescence influence Loneliness in young adulthood. Methods: Analyses were conducted on data from a national data set. Participants ( N = 96) were interviewed at two different time points. General linear regression and mediation analyses were used to examine the role of social competence, personality, and satisfaction with social support, measured at mean age 17.83, and on Loneliness measured at mean age 23.45. Results: Analyses showed that adolescents with visual impairments who were more emotionally stable and had higher social competence during adolescence were less lonely later in life. In addition, the results showed that emotionally unstable adolescents reported lower social competence and, therefore, were lonelier in young adulthood. Discussion: These findings indicate that factors connected to Loneliness in young adulthood include people’s personality traits and their level of social competence at a younger age. Implications for practitioners: Knowing the underlying causes of an individual’s Loneliness assists practitioners in selecting what type of intervention would be suitable for addressing these issues. Those with low social skills benefit more from social skills training and those with negative biases of their own functioning profit more from interventions based on cognitive approaches. Screening methods could be used in order to determine these underlying issues and personality structure, before assigning persons to specific interventions.

scholarly journals Psychosocial impairment in offspring of depressed parents

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1493-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER M. LEWINSOHN ◽  
THOMAS M. OLINO ◽  
DANIEL N. KLEIN
Keyword(s):  
Social Competence ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Paternal Depression ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depressed Parents

Background. Offspring of depressed parents experience impairment in a number of domains of functioning. Few studies have examined the impact of both maternal and paternal depression and co-morbid psychopathology on offspring functioning.Method. Oregon Adolescent Depression Project participants were administered diagnostic interviews and completed measures of psychosocial functioning during adolescence (mean=16·6, S.D.=1·19) and again during young adulthood (mean=24·5, S.D.=0·51). Diagnostic interviews were also conducted with the mothers and fathers of the target individual.Results. After controlling for relevant demographic characteristics, parental co-morbid psychopathology, and offspring psychopathology, maternal depression was associated with higher levels of physical symptoms (β=0·14, S.E.=0·07) during adolescence, and higher levels of minor stressors (β=2·52, S.E.=1·07) and a greater risk for using mental health services (OR 1·86, 95% CI 1·14–3·03) in young adulthood. Paternal depression was associated with offspring experiencing more major stressors (β=0·27, S.E.=0·07), having lower perceived social competence (β=−0·17, S.E.=0·08), and being more likely to attempt suicide (OR 2·65, 95% CI 1·19–5·92) during adolescence, as well as lower perceived social competence (β=−1·21, S.E.=0·49) in young adulthood.Conclusions. Offspring of depressed parents demonstrate impairment in a variety of domains, even after controlling for the effects of their own psychopathology. Further research on the mechanisms that lead to these impairments, as well as the role of these impairments in the subsequent development of psychopathology, is warranted.

Social competence and social skills training for children and adolescents: a literature review

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordana K. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Social Skills Training ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Whole School ◽  
Cognitive Problem ◽  
Data Links

The concept of child and adolescent social competence is complex and multidimensional. Dodge (1985) has attempted to summarise various aspects of the concept into a parsimonious theoretical model. It is suggested that comprehensive assessment of social competence includes measures tapping into a range of dimensions illustrated by the model. A growing body of empirical data links children's low levels of social competence to various forms of maladjustment in adolescence and adulthood. Clinical and educational interventions directed at improving child and adolescent social competence offer a valuable direction for a preventative approach that should be considered and empirically evaluated. Available social skills interventions emerge from three major theoretical foundations: Behavioural, Cognitive Problem Solving, and Structuralist. Populations targeted for intervention also vary from children or adolescents with identified problems in clinical settings, to whole school educational approaches. Empirical comparison of alternative training approaches has demonstrated that social skills training is effective, and a combination of behavioural and cognitive components is important. Issues regarding child characteristics, outcome measures and consideration of wider systems are also discussed.

scholarly journals Development of Sensor-Based Blind Swimmig Aids

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Fajar Vidya Hartono ◽  
James Tangkudung ◽  
Abdul Sukur ◽  
Firmansyah Dlis
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Swimming Exercise ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Total Blindness

<p class="0keywords">Blindness is a condition where the senses of vision are not functioning (low vision) or overall (total blindness). Persons with visual impairments are who can enjoy swimming with the help of sensors. The aim of the study was to create aids for sensor-based blind visual swimming that can be used during swimming exercises. The method used is a qualitative approach, the main data obtained through observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation and procedures of research and development used is the Borg and Gall model. This study is expected to contribute to blind swimming aids material products which are effectively used for swimming exercise skills. This study concluded that the product development sensor based blind learning swimming aids can be used for motion skills training for blind swimming athletes.</p>

scholarly journals Habilidades sociais e abuso de drogas em adolescentes

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Fortes Wagner ◽  
Margareth da Silva Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Social Skills Training ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Cochrane Library

O presente estudo propõe uma revisão bibliográfica sobre habilidades sociais e abuso de substâncias. Este artigo foi elaborado a partir de pesquisa nas Bases de Dados Pschynfo, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Proquest, Medline e Lilacs, entre 1996 e 2006. Os descritores foram: social skills, social skills training, social competence, assertiveness, adolescents, teeenagers, substance abuse, drug abuse, cannabis e marijuana. Nas bases de língua portuguesa, foram: habilidades sociais, treinamento em habilidades sociais, assertividade, adolescentes, abuso de substâncias, drogas e maconha. Os estudos, a maioria de língua inglesa, apontaram a existência de déficits, principalmente a dificuldade em resistir às drogas e dizer não. Conclui-se que a construção de habilidades de resistência ao oferecimento de drogas, a auto-eficácia e o estímulo à capacidade de tomada de decisões pode reduzir o uso de substâncias. Poucos estudos brasileiros foram encontrados abordando esta temática.

Evaluation of the Sheidow Park social problem solving program for primary school children: a field study

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Jordana K. Bayer ◽  
Rosalyn Shute ◽  
Colin MacMullin
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Social Skills Training ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Social Problem Solving ◽  
Primary School Children

Research has demonstrated links between children's poor peer relations and various forms of child and adult psychosocial maladjustment. Social skills training programs have been developed to increase children's social competence and reduce the risk for later problems. The Sheidow Park Social Problem Solving Program is a curriculum based cognitive social skills training program, designed for Australian primary school children. The present research evaluated the effects of this program on a variety of dimensions of children's social competence. Subjects were Reception/Year 1 children in two classes of a South Australian suburban primary school. The teacher of one class implemented the social skills program, while the other class experienced no formal social skills intervention. The results indicated that the various measures of social competence employed were relatively independent of one another, supporting the need for a comprehensive range of measures in social skills training research. The Sheidow Park program demonstrated a significant effect on children's sense of social self-competence and the degree to which they perceived a variety of challenging social situations as difficult to deal with. However, the program had no effect on teacher and peer ratings of children's social competence or on children's satisfaction with their wider social network. The findings are explained within the context of attribution and cognitive dissonance theories, and the strengths and limitations of both the Sheidow Park program and the present research are discussed. Suggestions for future research and modifications to the program are made.

Social Skills of Principals: A Profile in Context

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan B. Henkin ◽  
Carolyn L. Wanat ◽  
James H. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Public School Principals ◽  
Social Communications ◽  
Communications Skills ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Study Context

A study context related to social communications in restructured school environments frames this investigation of social communications skills of principals. Responses of 709 public school principals to the Social Skills Inventory (SSI) constitute the data source. The instrument, a self-report inventory demonstrating positive relationships with several measures of social effectiveness, yields a global indicator of social skills defined as social competence. Results suggested generally marginal social skills among these principals. Positive associations were found between social competence and gender (female), higher levels of education, larger school size, urban school locus, and administrative decisional autonomy. Older, more experienced respondents with more extended positional longevity and tenure as administrators revealed significantly lower social communications skills as measured by the SSI. Findings are discussed in terms of the stewardship role of the principal, and the need for social skills training for work in open systems with multiple stakeholders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document