Elastic Moduli of Thyroid Tissues under Compression

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lyshchik ◽  
T. Higashi ◽  
R. Asato ◽  
S. Tanaka ◽  
J. Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Chronic Thyroiditis ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Accurate Interpretation ◽  
Sample Height ◽  
Benign Thyroid

The aim of this study was to evaluate the elastic moduli of thyroid tissues under uniaxial compression and to establish the biomechanical fundamentals for accurate interpretation of thyroid elastograms. A total of 67 thyroid samples (24 samples of normal thyroid tissue, 2 samples of thyroid tissue with chronic thyroiditis, 12 samples of adenomatous goiter lesions and 7 samples of follicular adenoma, 19 samples of papillary adenocarcinoma (PAC) and 3 samples of follicular adenocarcinoma (FAC)) obtained from 36 patients who had received thyroid surgery were subjected to biomechanical testing within three hours after surgical resection at precompression strains of 5%, 10% and 20% and applied strains of 1%, 2%, 5% and 10% of sample height. As a result, the mean values of elastic moduli for benign thyroid lesions at all examined precompression levels were significantly higher than those for normal thyroid tissue measured at the same load (p<0.01). At low precompression (5%) and compression (1–2%) levels, benign thyroid nodule samples were 1.7 times harder than normal thyroid tissue. At high precompression (20%) and compression (10%) levels, this difference increased to 2.4 times. Stiffness of PAC samples was significantly higher than those for normal thyroid tissue and benign thyroid tumors measured at the same load (p<0.01). At low precompression (5%) and compression (1–2%) levels, PAC samples were 5.0 times harder than normal thyroid tissue. At high precompression (20%) and compression (10%) levels, this difference increased to 17.7 times. In contrast, samples of FAC were much softer than PAC (p<0.05) and were comparable in stiffness to normal thyroid tissues. The significant differences in the stiffness between normal thyroid tissue and thyroid tumors may provide useful information for accurate interpretation of thyroid elastograms.

Intermediate microRNA expression profile in Graves’ disease falls between that of normal thyroid tissue and papillary thyroid carcinoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Pohl ◽  
Florian Grabellus ◽  
Karl Worm ◽  
Georg Arnold ◽  
Martin Walz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Benign Thyroid

AimsMany studies have previously reported a higher prevalence of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) in patients with Graves' disease (GD). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that are upregulated in PTC compared with benign thyroid tissue. The objective of the study was to examine the miRNA expression of selected miRNAs that are known to be upregulated in PTC in patients with GD.MethodsParaffin embedded thyroid tissue from 159 patients with GD was screened for expression of the miRNAs 146b, 181b, 21, 221 and 222 by RT-PCR. The expression profiles of four normal thyroids, 50 PTCs without concomitant GD and 11 patients with untreated GD served as the controls.ResultsThe expression pattern of these miRNAs in patients with GD is intermediate between that of benign thyroid tissue (p<0.001) and PTC (in three out of five miRNAs, p<0.001). This corresponds to a 15-fold change for GD versus PTC, and a 31-fold change for GD versus normal thyroid tissue. The miRNA expression in 11 papillary microcarcinomas found in our study (a prevalence of 0.07) was not different from that in PTC samples from patients without GD for four of five miRNA types. Furthermore, we found a significant difference in the expression of miRNA 221/222 between treated and untreated GD tissue.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we found an intermediate expression of specific miRNAs in thyroid tissue from patients with GD that fell between the expression levels found in normal thyroid glands and PTC, which suggests a possible influence of certain miRNAs on developing PTC in patients with GD.

scholarly journals Differential Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Expression of PTEN in Normal Thyroid Tissue, and Benign and Malignant Epithelial Thyroid Tumors

2000 ◽  
Vol 156 (5) ◽  
pp. 1693-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Gimm ◽  
Aurel Perren ◽  
Liang-Ping Weng ◽  
Debbie J. Marsh ◽  
Jen Jen Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Cytoplasmic Expression

scholarly journals Thyroid Follicular Adenoma with Tracheal Stenosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusunoki T ◽  
Wada R
Keyword(s):  
Tracheal Stenosis ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Thyroid Lymphoma ◽  
Chronic Thyroiditis ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Benign Thyroid

Some cases of thyroid malignant tumors and thyroid lymphoma were reported to have caused tracheal stenosis and choking. Benign thyroid tumors with dyspnea due to tracheal stenosis are very rare. We experienced a benign thyroid tumor that caused tracheal stenosis and dyspnea. In the preoperative CT, there was tracheal stenosis due to enlarged bilateral thyroid lobes and the width of the stenotic lumen was 7mm. Subtotal thyroidectomy improved the dyspnea. Postoperative histopathologic examination confirmed follicular adenoma without malignant lesions or chronic thyroiditis. On postoperative CT, the tracheal stenosis had improved and the lumen had increased to 15mm. The above findings would suggest that it should be keep in mind that even benign thyroid tumors with tracheal stenosis of less than 7mm in the lumen have the possibility of causing dyspnea.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical expression of CD44 in thyroid gland lesions

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Kiziridou ◽  
Agni Pantidou ◽  
Chariclea Destouni ◽  
Theano Toliou
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Immunohistochemical Expression ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Cd44 Expression ◽  
Metastatic Behavior ◽  
Papillary Type ◽  
Thyroid Lesions

BACKGROUND: CD44 is a polymorphic family of cell surface proteoglycans and glycoproteins implicated in cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix adhesion interactions and tumor metastasis. Its expression appears to be an indicator of invasive and metastatic behavior in carcinomas. The purpose of our study is to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of CD44 protein in thyroid lesions and its association to other histopathological parameters. METHODS: Samples from thyroid lesions were obtained from 40 patients treated in our hospital. The material consisted of 5 cases of multinodular goiter, 7 cases of thyroiditis (Hashimoto type), 5 cases of follicular adenoma, 4 cases of Hurthle cell tumor, 15 cases of thyroid carcinoma (11 papillary carcinomas, and 4 myeloid tumors), and 4 cases of normal thyroid tissue. Immunostaining was performed using the Ventana ES automated immunostainer. A monoclonal antibody was used and avidin-biotin method was applied to paraffin-embedded samples. A membranous immunostaining pattern was considered positive. RESULTS: CD44 expression was detected in three adenomas (60%), mostly of follicular type, and in eight carcinomas (72%). The CD44 immunostaining was especially apparent in papillary type of carcinomas which showed high expression. In normal thyroid tissue, a reduced CD44 expression was observed. CONCLUSION: The results of our study indicate that deregulated expression of CD44 contributes to the ability of thyroid carcinomas for invasion and metastasis and may constitute a prognostic factor for malignant biological behavior.

scholarly journals A comprehensive mass spectral library for human thyroid tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoting Sun ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
Weigang Ge ◽  
Zhen Dong ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Spectral Library ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid

Thyroid nodules occur in about 60% of the population. Current diagnostic strategies, however, often fail at distinguishing malignant nodules before surgery, thus leading to unnecessary, invasive treatments. As proteins are involved in all physio/pathological processes, a proteome investigation of biopsied nodules may help correctly classify and identify malignant nodules and discover therapeutic targets. Quantitative mass spectrometry data-independent acquisition (DIA) enables highly reproducible and rapid throughput investigation of proteomes. An exhaustive spectral library of thyroid nodules is essential for DIA yet still unavailable. This study presents a comprehensive thyroid spectral library covering five types of thyroid tissue: multinodular goiter, follicular adenoma, follicular and papillary thyroid carcinoma, and normal thyroid tissue. Our library includes 925,330 transition groups, 157,548 peptide precursors, 121,960 peptides, 9941 protein groups, and 9826 proteins from proteotypic peptides. This library resource was evaluated using three papillary thyroid carcinoma samples and their corresponding adjacent normal thyroid tissue, leading to effective quantification of up to 7863 proteins from biopsy-level thyroid tissues.

The CCK2-receptor is expressed in human medullary thyroid carcinomas as well as in normal thyroid tissue

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A507-A507
Author(s):  
M BLAEKER ◽  
A WEERTH ◽  
L JONAS ◽  
M TOMETTEN ◽  
M SCHUTZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Carcinomas ◽  
Cck2 Receptor ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Carcinomas

Detection of parathyroid adenomas with 4DCT: Towards a true four-dimensional technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Raeymaeckers ◽  
Yannick De Brucker ◽  
Tim Vanderhasselt ◽  
Nico Buls ◽  
Johan De Mey
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
P Value ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Parathyroid Adenomas ◽  
Parathyroid Lesions ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background. 4DCT is a commonly performed examination in the management of primary hyperparathyroidism, combining three-dimensional imaging with enhancement over time as the fourth dimension. We propose a novel technique consisting of 16 different contrast phases, instead of three or four different phases. The main aim of this study was to see if this protocol allows for the detection of parathyroid adenomas within dose limits. Our secondary aim was examining the enhancement of parathyroid lesions over time.Methods. For this prospective study, we included 15 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism prior to surgery. We obtain a 4DCT with 16 different phases: an unenhanced phase followed by 11 consecutive arterial phases and 4 venous phases. Centered on the thyroid, continuous axial scanning is performed over a fixed 8cm or 16cm coverage volume after start of contrast administration.Results. In all patients an enlarged parathyroid can be demonstrated, mean lesion size is 13.6mm. Mean peak arterial peak enhancement for parathyroid lesions is 384 HU compared to 333 HU for the normal thyroid. No statistical difference could be found. Time to peak (TTP) is significantly earlier for parathyroid adenomas compared to normal thyroid tissue: 30.8s versus 32.3s (p value 0.008). Mean Slope of Increase (MSI) of the enhancement curve is significantly steeper compared to normal thyroid tissue: 29.8% versus 22.2% (p value 0.012). Mean dose length product was 890.7 mGy.cm with a calculated effective dose of 6.7 mSv.Conclusion. We propose a feasible 4DCT scanning-protocol for the detection of parathyroid adenomas. We manage to obtain a multitude of phases, allowing for a dynamic evaluation within an acceptable exposure range when compared to classic helical 4DCT. Our 4DCT protocol may allow for a better visualization of the pattern of enhancement of parathyroid lesions, as enhancement over time curves can be drawn. This way wash-in and wash-out of contrast in suspected lesions can be readily demonstrated. Motion artifacts are less problematic as multiple phases are available.

scholarly journals Certain peculiarities of parenchymal-stromal correlations in the thyroid gland with nodular forms of goiter with its rucurrent and non-recurrent course

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
N. P. Tkachuk ◽  
I. S. Davydenko
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Stromal Component ◽  
Correlation Parameters

In spite of a considerable efficacy of conservative treatment of goiter, surgery remains the main method of treatment of such patients. Though, on the one hand, total thyroidectomy inevitably results in the development of postsurgical hypothyroidism, on the other hand – in case organ-saving surgery is performed the risk of postsurgical relapse arises. Modern morphological methods are directed to detection of oncological risk of nodular formations, and recommendations concerning an adequate volume of surgery taking into account probability of relapse are practically lacking. Therefore, the objective of the study was finding criteria of a relapsing risk by means of investigation of morphological peculiarities of the parenchymal-stromal correlations in the thyroid gland with recurrent nodular and primary nodular (multinodular) goiter without signs of functional disorders. In the course of the research according to the examined correlation parameters of the parenchyma and stroma various forms of nodular goiter were found to differ from the thyroid tissue without pathological changes by a number of parameters. In particular, specific weight of the parenchyma on an average increases reliably in the tissue of nodular goiter with its various variants in comparison with the thyroid gland without pathological changes. Together with the increase of the parenchymal specific weight in nodular goiter the amount of colloid on an average decreases, and a specific dependence on the kind of goiter is observed – colloid volume decreases from goiter with slow growth to goiter with quick growth, and it is the smallest with goiter relapse. Quantitative analysis of the goiter tissue stromal component demonstrates a considerable increase of its specific volume in comparison with normal thyroid tissue. Evaluation of changes of the morphometric parameters in the thyroid follicles found that in case of nodular goiter with slow growth the percentage of follicles with colloid is close to 100%. On an average it does not differ from that of the normal thyroid tissue. At the same time, in case of nodular goiter with quick growth the percentage of follicles with colloid decreases sharply, and in case of relapse it appears to be still less than that in nodular goiter with quick growth. Besides, with nodular goiter the diameter of follicles on an average increases in comparison with the normal thyroid tissue. In a number of cases it can be estimated as macrofollicular goiter. At the same time, the diameter of follicles is smaller in nodular goiter with quick growth. It is still less in case of goiter relapse. The size of follicles becomes sharply diverse in case of nodular goiter with slow growth, but it decreases in case of nodular goiter with quick growth and relapse. Consequently, recurrent nodular goiter is mostly similar to that of primary nodular goiter with a quick growth, though certain differences between them exist. The peculiarities found enable to suggest that nodular goiter with a quick growth possesses more chances for relapse.

scholarly journals Steroid receptor coactivator-1 interacts with NF-κB to increase VEGFC levels in human thyroid cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Gao ◽  
Lingji Guo ◽  
Donglin Luo ◽  
Yan Jiang ◽  
Jianjie Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Steroid Receptor ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Steroid Receptor Coactivator ◽  
Lymphatic Metastases ◽  
Factor C

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, and has a high incidence of lymphatic metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) is essential for development of lymphatic vessels and lymphatic metastases during carcinogenesis. Steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) interacts with nuclear receptors and transcription factors to promote tumor proliferation and metastasis. However, the correlation between SRC-1 and VEGFC levels in the lymphatic metastases of thyroid cancer remains unclear. We analyzed 20-paired specimens of thyroid cancer tissue and normal thyroid tissue and found increased levels of SRC-1 and VEGFC proteins in 13/20 and 15/20 thyroid cancer specimens, respectively, when compared with those levels in specimens of normal thyroid tissue. A high level of SRC-1 expression was positively correlated with VEGFC and lymphatic endothelial cell marker LYVE-1 expression. Papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line TPC-1 displayed high levels of SRC-1 and VEGFC expression and was selected for stable knockdown of SRC-1 in vitro. Inhibition of SRC-1 significantly reduced the VEGFC levels in TPC-1 cells. We found that SRC-1 binds to transcription factor NF-kB (p50/p65), and that this coactivation complex directly promoted VEGFC transcription, which could be abrogated by SRC-1 knockdown. Up-regulated NF-kB signaling was also confirmed in thyroid cancer tissues. In vivo studies showed that SRC-1 knockdown restricted tumor growth, reduced the numbers of LYVE-1-positive lymphatic vessels, and decreased the levels of VEGFC in tumor tissues. These results suggest a tumorigenic role for SRC-1 in thyroid cancer via its ability to regulate VEGFC expression.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document