scholarly journals A comprehensive mass spectral library for human thyroid tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoting Sun ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
Weigang Ge ◽  
Zhen Dong ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Spectral Library ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid

Thyroid nodules occur in about 60% of the population. Current diagnostic strategies, however, often fail at distinguishing malignant nodules before surgery, thus leading to unnecessary, invasive treatments. As proteins are involved in all physio/pathological processes, a proteome investigation of biopsied nodules may help correctly classify and identify malignant nodules and discover therapeutic targets. Quantitative mass spectrometry data-independent acquisition (DIA) enables highly reproducible and rapid throughput investigation of proteomes. An exhaustive spectral library of thyroid nodules is essential for DIA yet still unavailable. This study presents a comprehensive thyroid spectral library covering five types of thyroid tissue: multinodular goiter, follicular adenoma, follicular and papillary thyroid carcinoma, and normal thyroid tissue. Our library includes 925,330 transition groups, 157,548 peptide precursors, 121,960 peptides, 9941 protein groups, and 9826 proteins from proteotypic peptides. This library resource was evaluated using three papillary thyroid carcinoma samples and their corresponding adjacent normal thyroid tissue, leading to effective quantification of up to 7863 proteins from biopsy-level thyroid tissues.

scholarly journals Quantitative and qualitative differences in protein expression between papillary thyroid carcinoma and normal thyroid tissue

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 613-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis M. Brown ◽  
Steve M. Helmke ◽  
Stephen W. Hunsucker ◽  
Romana T. Netea-Maier ◽  
Simon A. Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid

scholarly journals Evaluation of thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda category III on cytology and their malignancy rate: An institutional experience

CytoJournal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Ali Almahari ◽  
Zainab Harb ◽  
Safa Alshaikh
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Institutional Experience ◽  
Undetermined Significance

Background: Thyroid gland nodules are common and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is the gold standard for screening those nodules. The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytolopathology standardized reporting thyroid nodules aspirations, but atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance (Bethesda category III) was the most controversial category. The aim of our study is to review our institutional experience and analyze the clinical implications of making a diagnosis of AUS/FLUS (Bethesda category III). Methods: This is a retrospective study of an 889 thyroid FNAs from 825 patients in Salmaniya Medical Complex, during (January 2013–December 2017). Results: The most common cause for designating cases as AUS/FLUS (Bethesda category III) was the presence of features suggestive of papillary thyroid carcinoma, but not quite fulfilling the criteria for such diagnosis. Ninety-six cases were diagnosed as AUS/FLUS (10.7%), in which 26 (27%) patients underwent surgery without repeating the FNA, 25 (26%) underwent a second FNA and 43 (44.7%) patients were followed up by ultrasound. On repeating the FNA, 1 (4%) was unsatisfactory, 13 (52%) were benign, 10 (40%) were AUS/FLUS, and only 1 (4%) was categorized as malignant. Thirty cases were surgically excised, in which 4 (13.3%) were diagnosed as follicular adenoma, 2 (6.6%) as Hurthle cell adenoma, 9 (30%) as multinodular goiter, 5 (16.6%) as multinodular goiter with Hashimoto thyroiditis, 1 (3.3%) as colloid nodule with Hashimoto thyroiditis, and 9 (30%) as papillary thyroid carcinoma. Among all the cases diagnosed initially as AUS/FLUS (Bethesda category III), 9 (9.3%) cases were diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma. Conclusion: Diagnostically, we almost meet the international standards of designating cases with AUS/FLUS (Bethesda category III) and approximate the risk of malignancy. However, the clinical management's guidelines should be followed to decrease the risk of unnecessary surgeries and their complications. There is a statistically significant correlation between the age and gender with the final histopathology report, respectively.

scholarly journals Diagnostic importance of CD56 with fine-needle aspiration cytology in suspected papillary thyroid carcinoma cases

CytoJournal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozgen Arslan Solmaz
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Fine Needle

Background: Palpable thyroid nodules can be found in 4%–7% of the adult population; however, <5% of thyroid nodules are malignant. Immunohistochemical markers, such as CD56, can be used to make a differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lesions. To increase the accuracy of the diagnosis and distinguish the malignant aspirates from the benign ones, chose to evaluate CD56, which is normally found in benign thyroid tissue. Methods: A total of 53 fine-needle aspirate samples from patients diagnosed with suspected papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) were included prospectively. These aspirates were immunocytochemically stained for CD56. Results: In histopathological examination, the fine-needle aspiration cytopathology specimens suspicious for PTC (after undergoing surgery) showed that 32 (60.4%) were benign and 21 (39.6%) were malignant. Thirty-one of the benign cases (96.87%) were CD56-positive, whereas the last case (3.13%) was CD56-negative. Staining was not seen in any of the malignant cases. Conclusions: We believe that CD56 is an important marker in the definitive diagnosis of suspected PTC cases, with CD56-positivity being interpreted in favor of benignity.

scholarly journals Aberrant Expression of Androgen Receptor Associated with High Cancer Risk and Extrathyroidal Extension in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Kai Chou ◽  
Shun-Yu Chi ◽  
Fong-Fu Chou ◽  
Shun-Chen Huang ◽  
Jia-He Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Extrathyroidal Extension ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid

Male gender is a risk factor for mortality in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study investigated the impact of androgen receptor (AR) gene expression on the clinical features and progression of PTC. The levels of AR mRNA and protein in frozen, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from PTC and adjacent normal thyroid tissue were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining, respectively, and the relationships between AR expression and clinical features were analyzed. The thyroid cancer cell lines, BCPAP and TPC-1, were used to evaluate the effects of AR on the regulation of cell migration, and key epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. AR mRNA expression was significantly higher in normal thyroid tissue from men than women. The sex difference in AR mRNA expression diminished during PTC tumorigenesis, as AR mRNA expression levels were lower in PTC than normal thyroid tissues from both men and women. AR mRNA expression was significantly decreased in PTC patients with higher risk and in those with extrathyroidal extension. Overexpression of AR in BCPAP cells decreased cell migration and repressed the EMT process by down-regulating mRNA expression of N-cadherin, Snail1, Snail2, Vimentin, and TWIST1 and up-regulating E-cadherin gene expression. These results suggest that suppression of the androgen–AR axis may lead to aggressive tumor behavior in patients with PTC.

scholarly journals A case of papillary thyroid carcinoma in toxic adenoma: are hyperfunctioning nodules truly innocent all the times?

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1093
Author(s):  
Banu Sarer Yurekli ◽  
Hatice Ozisik ◽  
Nilufer Ozdemir Kutbay ◽  
Ozer Makay ◽  
Gokhan Ozgen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Follicular Neoplasm ◽  
Pathology Report ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Toxic Adenoma ◽  
Thyroid Lobectomy

Thyroid nodule is seen commonly in clinical practice. Thyroid scintigraphy should be performed for the evaluation of thyroid nodules in case of suppressed TSH. We would like to present a case of toxic adenoma with the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Forty-four-year-old female patient had applied to the hospital with the diagnosis of thyroid nodule. Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was performed for the evaluation of thyroid nodule measured as 47x12 mm. This nodule was in mixed solid form bearing cystic components. FNAB revealed that the thyroid nodule was benign. Our ultrasonographic evaluation was consistent with a thyroid nodule located at right lobe with a diameter of 43x18x28 mm. The patient underwent right thyroid lobectomy. Pathology report revealed macrofollicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. The tumor was 3.5 cm in diameter with regular margin and 0.2 cm away from the surgical border. The tumor didn’t spread out of the thyroid capsule. Second thyroid surgery was performed due to remaining thyroid tissue. After that ablative radioactive iodine therapy was applied. Guidelines in Endocrine literature report that hyperfunctioning nodules are almost always benign. However, the risk of malignancy was reported as a weighted rate of 3.1%. As follicular lesions are seen in high percentage in hot nodules, surgery should be recommended in case of the cytological results of a follicular neoplasm of a hyperfunctioning nodule. So, hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules warrants careful evaluation and appropriate therapy. We wanted to draw attention of the clinicians for this rare issue.

scholarly journals Struma Ovarii with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Alvarez ◽  
Victor Lee ◽  
Shweta Bhatt ◽  
Vikram S. Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ovarian Teratoma ◽  
Struma Ovarii ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Uncommon Condition ◽  
Malignant Changes

Struma ovarii is an uncommon condition, in which thyroid tissue is the predominant or exclusive element in an ovarian teratoma. Thyroid tissue may demonstrate the same spectrum of pathological features as in the normal thyroid including benign and malignant changes. We present a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma arising in a struma ovarii of the left ovary in a 21-year-old female.

scholarly journals EZH2 upregulation by ERα induces proliferation and migration of papillary thyroid carcinoma

BMC Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqiong Xue ◽  
Hongzhu Yan ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Qifa Zhang ◽  
Xin Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Realtime Pcr ◽  
Ezh2 Expression ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Abstract Background The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been increasing worldwide in recent years. Therefore, novel potential therapeutic targets for PTC are urgently needed. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a methyltransferase belonging to PRC2, plays important roles in epigenetic silencing and cell cycle regulation. EZH2 overexpression has been found in several malignant tumor tissues, while its expression and function in PTC are largely unknown. Methods Sixty-five cases of PTC tissue confirmed by pathology and 30 cases of normal thyroid tissue adjacent to PTC tissue were collected from patients undergoing surgical treatment, between February 2003 and February 2006. We investigated the clinic pathologic significance of EZH2 expression using Realtime-PCR and IHC in 65 human PTC tissues and 30 normal thyroid tissue samples. The EZH2 expression in human PTC cell lines (K1 and W3) and the normal thyroid follicular epithelial cell line Nthy-ori 3–1 was analyzed by Western blotting and Realtime PCR. The expressions of ERα and ERβ in cell lines were analyzed by Realtime PCR.The tumor cell biological behavior was evaluated by CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, transwell migration assay and xenograft tumors model. Results Higher rate of EZH2 expression was found in PTC tissues than in normal thyroid tissues, EZH2 expression is associated with lymph node metastasis and recurrent. Inhibition of EZH2 in PTC cell lines downregulates cellular proliferation and migration. PTC is a disease with high incidence of female and E2-ERα upregulates EZH2 expression. Conclusions These results suggest a potential role of EZH2 for the PTC growth and metastasis. As a novel therapy, a pharmacological therapy targeting EZH2 has full potential in treatment of PTC.

scholarly journals Dataset of differential gene expression between total normal human thyroid and histologically normal thyroid adjacent to papillary thyroid carcinoma

Data in Brief ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 103835
Author(s):  
Lorenza Vitale ◽  
Allison Piovesan ◽  
Francesca Antonaros ◽  
Pierluigi Strippoli ◽  
Maria Chiara Pelleri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Differential Gene Expression ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Differential Gene

scholarly journals Prediction of thyroid nodule histopathology by expert ultrasound evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Inge Håskjold ◽  
Henrik Stenestø Foshaug ◽  
Therese Benedikte Iversen ◽  
Helga Charlotte Kjøren ◽  
Vegard Heimly Brun
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation

Objective: The basis of thyroid nodule diagnostics is ultrasound guided fine needle biopsy with cytological evaluation (FNC), if US appearance is not clearly benign. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive potential of dedicated, expert high resolution ultrasound, to see if histopathological entities of thyroid nodules can be diagnosed without invasive FNC biopsies. Design: Prospective case cohort study. Methods: 180 patients with 221 thyroid nodules were examined with ultrasound and prospectively assigned to the expected histopathological diagnosis: colloid nodule, adenomatoid colloid nodule, follicular adenoma, follicular carcinoma, follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, or other thyroid cancer. In 101 of these, we later obtained histopathological reports for comparison. Results: Overall accuracy for classification into discrete histopathological categories by expert ultrasound was 71.3% and Cohen’s Kappa was 0.62. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting malignancy was 97.3% and 78.1%. The diagnostic accuracy for malignancy was 85.1%. ACR-TIRADS scores for the same nodules had a sensitivity of 97.3%, specificity of 26.6%, and accuracy of 52.5%. Conclusion: Dedicated expert high-resolution ultrasound without FNC can reliably distinguish benign versus malignant nodules, but also differentiate between several histopathological entities in thyroid nodules. There is potential for a reduction in the number of invasive FNC biopsies and diagnostic operations.

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