scholarly journals Thyroid Follicular Adenoma with Tracheal Stenosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusunoki T ◽  
Wada R
Keyword(s):  
Tracheal Stenosis ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Thyroid Lymphoma ◽  
Chronic Thyroiditis ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Benign Thyroid

Some cases of thyroid malignant tumors and thyroid lymphoma were reported to have caused tracheal stenosis and choking. Benign thyroid tumors with dyspnea due to tracheal stenosis are very rare. We experienced a benign thyroid tumor that caused tracheal stenosis and dyspnea. In the preoperative CT, there was tracheal stenosis due to enlarged bilateral thyroid lobes and the width of the stenotic lumen was 7mm. Subtotal thyroidectomy improved the dyspnea. Postoperative histopathologic examination confirmed follicular adenoma without malignant lesions or chronic thyroiditis. On postoperative CT, the tracheal stenosis had improved and the lumen had increased to 15mm. The above findings would suggest that it should be keep in mind that even benign thyroid tumors with tracheal stenosis of less than 7mm in the lumen have the possibility of causing dyspnea.

Elastic Moduli of Thyroid Tissues under Compression

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lyshchik ◽  
T. Higashi ◽  
R. Asato ◽  
S. Tanaka ◽  
J. Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Chronic Thyroiditis ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Accurate Interpretation ◽  
Sample Height ◽  
Benign Thyroid

The aim of this study was to evaluate the elastic moduli of thyroid tissues under uniaxial compression and to establish the biomechanical fundamentals for accurate interpretation of thyroid elastograms. A total of 67 thyroid samples (24 samples of normal thyroid tissue, 2 samples of thyroid tissue with chronic thyroiditis, 12 samples of adenomatous goiter lesions and 7 samples of follicular adenoma, 19 samples of papillary adenocarcinoma (PAC) and 3 samples of follicular adenocarcinoma (FAC)) obtained from 36 patients who had received thyroid surgery were subjected to biomechanical testing within three hours after surgical resection at precompression strains of 5%, 10% and 20% and applied strains of 1%, 2%, 5% and 10% of sample height. As a result, the mean values of elastic moduli for benign thyroid lesions at all examined precompression levels were significantly higher than those for normal thyroid tissue measured at the same load (p<0.01). At low precompression (5%) and compression (1–2%) levels, benign thyroid nodule samples were 1.7 times harder than normal thyroid tissue. At high precompression (20%) and compression (10%) levels, this difference increased to 2.4 times. Stiffness of PAC samples was significantly higher than those for normal thyroid tissue and benign thyroid tumors measured at the same load (p<0.01). At low precompression (5%) and compression (1–2%) levels, PAC samples were 5.0 times harder than normal thyroid tissue. At high precompression (20%) and compression (10%) levels, this difference increased to 17.7 times. In contrast, samples of FAC were much softer than PAC (p<0.05) and were comparable in stiffness to normal thyroid tissues. The significant differences in the stiffness between normal thyroid tissue and thyroid tumors may provide useful information for accurate interpretation of thyroid elastograms.

scholarly journals Shared and unique metabolic features of the malignant and benign thyroid lesions determined with use of 1H HR MAS NMR spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Skorupa ◽  
Mateusz Ciszek ◽  
Ewa Chmielik ◽  
Łukasz Boguszewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Oczko-Wojciechowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Mas Nmr ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Chronic Thyroiditis ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Metabolic Heterogeneity ◽  
Benign Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Lesions

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to investigate the distinct and common metabolic features of the malignant and benign thyroid lesions in reference to the non-transformed tissue from the contralateral gland (chronic thyroiditis and colloid goiter). 1H HR MAS NMR spectra of 38 malignant lesions, 32 benign lesions and 112 samples from the non-tumoral tissue (32 from chronic thyroiditis and 80 samples from colloid goiter) were subjected both to multivariate and univariate analysis. The increased succinate, glutamine, glutathione, serine/cysteine, ascorbate, lactate, taurine, threonine, glycine, phosphocholine/glycerophosphocholine and decreased lipids were found in both lesion types in comparison to either colloid goiter or chronic thyroiditis. The elevated glutamate and choline, and reduced citrate and glucose were additionally evident in these lesions in reference to goiter, while the increased myo-inositol—in comparison to thyroiditis. The malignant lesions were characterized by the higher alanine and lysine levels than colloid goiter and thyroiditis, while scyllo-inositol was uniquely increased in the benign lesions (not in cancer) in comparison to both non-tumoral tissue types. Moreover, the benign lesions presented with the unique increase of choline in reference to thyroiditis (not observed in the cancerous tissue). The metabolic heterogeneity of the non-tumoral tissue should be considered in the analysis of metabolic reprogramming in the thyroid lesions.

scholarly journals Inherited Thyroid Tumors With Oncocytic Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Correia ◽  
Ana Rita Lima ◽  
Rui Batista ◽  
Valdemar Máximo ◽  
Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Incomplete Penetrance ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Additional Layer ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Pathological Behavior ◽  
Familial Context

Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) corresponds to 5-10% of all follicular cell-derived carcinoma (FCDTC). Oncocytic thyroid tumors have an increased incidence in the familial context in comparison with sporadic FCDTC, encompassing benign and malignant tumors in the same family presenting with some extent of cell oxyphilia. This has triggered the interest of our and other groups to clarify the oncocytic change, looking for genetic markers that could explain the emergence of this phenotype in thyroid benign and malignant lesions, focusing on familial aggregation. Despite some advances regarding the identification of the gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 19 (GRIM-19), as one of the key candidate genes affected in the “Tumor with Cell Oxyphilia” (TCO) locus, most of the mutations follow a pattern of “private mutations”, almost exclusive to one family. Moreover, no causative genetic alterations were identified so far in most families. The incomplete penetrance of the disease, the diverse benign and malignant phenotypes in the affected familial members and the variable syndromic associations create an additional layer of complexity for studying the genetic alterations in oncocytic tumors. In the present review, we summarized the available evidence supporting genomic-based mechanisms for the oncocytic change, particularly in the context of FNMTC. We have also addressed the challenges and gaps in the aforementioned mechanisms, as well as molecular clues that can explain, at least partially, the phenotype of oncocytic tumors and the respective clinico-pathological behavior. Finally, we pointed to areas of further investigation in the field of oncocytic (F)NMTC with translational potential in terms of therapy.

scholarly journals Benign thyroid tumor causing extensive skin ulcer - an unusual presentation

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
M Alamgir Chowdhury ◽  
Shahidul Islam ◽  
Naseem Yasmeen ◽  
Mousumi Malakar
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Inflammatory Lesion ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Skin Ulcer ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Thyroid Adenoma ◽  
Neck Swelling ◽  
One Year ◽  
Benign Thyroid

Incidence of benign thyroid adenoma is common, but adenoma causing extensive skin ulceration is a very unusual presentation. Here we are reporting a case of a 70-year-old female from Norshingdi district who presented to us with an ulcerated, neck swelling over the thyroid region for one year, which moves with deglutition and bleeds on touch with foul smelling discharge for one month and pain for two months. Biopsy from the ulcer revealed inflammatory lesion while subsequent histopathology following thyroidectomy under local anesthesia gave features of follicular adenoma. Postoperative period was satisfactory and follow up was excellent. Key words: Follicular adenoma, Thyroid, Skin ulcer.DOI: 10.3329/bjo.v14i1.3278 Bangladesh J of Otorhinolaryngology 2008; 14(1) : 36-38

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the prevalence of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) system in malignant and benign thyroid tumor cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio José Gonçalves ◽  
Lucia Helena de Carvalho ◽  
Kauê Serdeira ◽  
Marianne Yumi Nakai ◽  
Tatiana Ramos Malavasi
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Double Negative ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
De Medicina ◽  
Benign Thyroid

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: When null, the mu and theta genes of the glutathione S-transferase system (GSTM1 and GSTT1, respectively) are related to malignant tumors affecting the lungs, colon, prostate, bladder and head and neck. In the thyroid, the appearance of cancer has been correlated with deletion of these genes. The aim of this study was to compare the frequencies of these genes in patients with benign and malignant tumors of the thyroid gland. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: This was a cross-sectional clinical trial carried out in the Head and Neck Surgery Division, Faculdade de Medicina da Santa Casa de São Paulo. METHODS: Samples of thyroid tissue were collected from 32 patients and divided into two groups: benign tumor (A) and malignant tumor (B). After DNA extraction, the genes were amplified using PCR. RESULTS: The B group presented four cases of positive genotyping for both genes, seven positive for GSTT1 and negative for GSTM1, two negative for GSTT1 and positive for GSTM1, and only one case of double negative. The A group showed 11 cases with positive genotyping for both genes and none with the double negative genotype. CONCLUSION: In this study, there was no relationship between the presence of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes and the benign and malignant thyroid tumors.

scholarly journals Expression of SMAD proteins, TGF-beta/activin signaling mediators, in human thyroid tissues

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia E. Matsuo ◽  
Ana Paula Z. P. Fiore ◽  
Simone M. Siguematu ◽  
Kátia N. Ebina ◽  
Celso U. M. Friguglietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Activin Signaling ◽  
Smad Proteins

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of SMAD proteins in human thyroid tissues since the inactivation of TGF-β/activin signaling components is reported in several types of cancer. Phosphorylated SMAD 2 and SMAD3 (pSMAD2/3) associated with the SMAD4 induce the signal transduction generated by TGF-β and activin, while SMAD7 inhibits this intracellular signaling. Although TGF-β and activin exert antiproliferative roles in thyroid follicular cells, thyroid tumors express high levels of these proteins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The protein expression of SMADs was evaluated in multinodular goiter, follicular adenoma, papillary and follicular carcinomas by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The expression of pSMAD2/3, SMAD4 and SMAD7 was observed in both benign and malignant thyroid tumors. Although pSMAD2/3, SMAD4 and SMAD7 exhibited high cytoplasmic staining in carcinomas, the nuclear staining of pSMAD2/3 was not different between benign and malignant lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of SMADs expression in thyroid cells and the presence of pSMAD2/3 and SMAD4 proteins in the nucleus of tumor cells indicates propagation of TGF-β/activin signaling. However, the high expression of the inhibitory SMAD7, mostly in malignant tumors, could contribute to the attenuation of the SMADs antiproliferative signaling in thyroid carcinomas.

scholarly journals Late bone metastasis from an apparently benign oncocytic follicular thyroid tumor

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Boronat ◽  
Juan J Cabrera ◽  
Carmen Perera ◽  
Concepción Isla ◽  
Francisco J Nóvoa
Keyword(s):  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Thyroid Neoplasms ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Pathology Report ◽  
List Type ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Serum Thyroglobulin ◽  
Focal Uptake

Summary A man underwent total thyroidectomy for goiter when he was 62 years old. The pathology report informed on a 5.5 cm oncocytic follicular adenoma and a 3.5 mm papillary microcarcinoma. Due to the papillary tumor, he was treated with ablative radioiodine therapy and suppressive doses of levothyroxine. After uneventful follow-up for 9 years, increased levels of serum thyroglobulin were detected. Further imaging studies including a whole body scan (WBS) after an empirical dose of 200 mCi 131I were negative. Two years later, a 99mTc SestaMIBI WBS and a 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron-emission tomography showed a well-delimited focal uptake in the right femur. A bone biopsy of the lesion demonstrated metastasis of follicular thyroid carcinoma. Retrospective histological reexamination of available material from the primary oncocytic thyroid tumor failed to reveal definitive traits of malignancy. Learning points Oncocytic follicular thyroid tumors are a relatively uncommon variant of follicular thyroid neoplasms mostly composed of distinctive large oxyphilic cells (Hürthle cells). Criteria for the distinction between benign and malignant oncocytic neoplasms are not different from those used in the diagnosis of ordinary follicular tumors. Some cases of apparently benign oncocytic neoplasms have been found to develop malignant behavior. Search to rule out vascular and capsular invasion should be particularly exhaustive in histological assessment of oncocytic thyroid tumors. Even so, long-term surveillance remains appropriate for patients with large apparently benign oncocytic tumors.

scholarly journals The Mitochondrial DNA Control Region Might Have Useful Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Thyroid Tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (07) ◽  
pp. 423-436
Author(s):  
Rıfat Bircan ◽  
Hülya Ilıksu Gözü ◽  
Esra Ulu ◽  
Şükran Sarıkaya ◽  
Aylin Ege Gül ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Mt Dna ◽  
Benign Thyroid

AbstractThe literature suggests that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects are associated with a large number of diseases including cancers. The role of mtDNA variations in thyroid cancer is a highly controversial topic. Therefore, we investigated the role of mt-DNA control region (CR) variations in thyroid tumor progression and the influence of mtDNA haplogroups on susceptibility to thyroid tumors. For this purpose, in total, 108 hot thyroid nodules (HTNs), 95 cold thyroid nodules (CTNs), 48 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) samples with their surrounding tissues and 104 healthy control subjects’ blood samples were screened for all mtDNA CR variations using Sanger sequencing. We found that MtDNA haplogroup U was significantly associated with susceptibility to benign thyroid entities. In addition, eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (T146C, G185A, C194T, C295T, G16129A, T16304C, A16343G and T16362C) in the mtDNA CR were associated with the occurrence of benign and malign thyroid nodules in the Turkish population. As compared with samples taken from a healthy Turkish population and HTNs, the frequency of C7 repeats in D310 polycytosine sequence was found to be higher in CTNs and the PTC samples. In addition, the frequency of somatic mutations in mtMSI regions including T16189C and D514 CA dinucleotide repeats were found to be higher in PTC samples than benign thyroid nodules. Conversely, the frequency of somatic mutations in D310 was found to be higher in HTNs than CTNs and PTCs. In conclusion, mtDNA D310 instability does not play a role in the tumorigenesis of PTC but the results indicate that it might be used as a diagnostic clonal expansion biomarker for premalignant thyroid tumor cells. In addition, D514 CA instability might be considered as a prognostic biomarker for benign to malign transformation in thyroid tumors.

scholarly journals The Mitochondrial DNA Control Region might have useful Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Thyroid Tumors

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifat Bircan ◽  
Hülya Iliksu Gözü ◽  
Ulu Esra ◽  
Şükran Sarikaya ◽  
Aylin Ege Gül ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Benign Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Cold Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Benign Thyroid

AbstractBackgroundIt is currently present in the literature that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects are associated with a great number of diseases including cancers. The role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations in the development of thyroid cancer is a highly controversial topic. In this study, we investigated the role of mt-DNA control region (CR) variations in thyroid tumor progression and the influence of mtDNA haplogroups on susceptibility to thyroid tumors.Material & methodFor this purpose, totally 108 hot thyroid nodules (HTNs), 95 cold thyroid nodules (CTNs), 48 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) samples with their surrounding tissues and 104 healthy control subject’s blood samples were screened for entire mtDNA CR variations by using Sanger sequencing. The obtained DNA sequences were anaysed with the mistomaster, a web-based bioinformatics tool.ResultsMtDNA haplogroup U was significantly associated with susceptibility to benign and malign thyroid entities on the other hand J haplogroup was associated with a protective role for benign thyroid nodules. Besides, 8 SNPs (T146C, G185A, C194T, C295T, G16129A, T16304C, A16343G and T16362C) in mtDNA CR region were associated with the occurrence of benign and malign thyroid nodules in Turkish population. By contrast with the healthy Turkish population and HTNs, frequency of C7 repeats in D310 polycytosine sequence was found higher in cold thyroid nodules and PTC samples. Beside this, the frequency of somatic mutations in mtMSI regions including T16189C and D514 CA dinucleotide repeats were found higher in PTC samples than the benign thyroid nodules. Conversely, the frequency of somatic mutations in D310 was detected higher in HTNs than CTNs and PTCs.ConclusionmtDNA D310 instability do not play a role in tumorogenesis of the PTC but the results indicates that it might be used as a diagnostic clonal expansion biomarker for premalignant thyroid tumor cells. Beside this, D514 CA instability might be used as prognostic biomarker in PTCs. Also, we showed that somatic mutation rate is less frequent in more aggressive tumors when we examined micro- and macro carcinomas as well as BRAFV600E mutation.

Thyroid Neoplasms in a Colony of Beagle Dogs

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 438-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Haley ◽  
F. F. Hahn ◽  
B. A. Muggenburg ◽  
W. C. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Thyroid Neoplasms ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiologic Features

The histologic, clinicopathologic, and epidemiologic features of spontaneous thyroid neoplasms were evaluated in a control population of Beagle dogs. The mean age of thyroid tumor-bearing dogs (16.2 years) as significantly higher than non-tumor-bearing dogs (13.6 years). Thirteen benign and 18 malignant tumors were identified, with the incidence of both tumors increasing rapidly near the mean age of 16.2 years for tumorbearing dogs. The age-specific incidence of tumors was 1.1% per year at 8 to 12 years, increasing to 4.0% per year by 12 to 15 years and 67% over 17 years of age. Numbers of malignant tumors were greater than benign tumors at an earlier age. Approximately 44% of the malignant tumors metastasized but only 22% resulted in death of the dog. There was no difference in tumor incidence when compared according to sex, if total tumor numbers were considered or if tumors were separated into benign and malignant categories. The age at death of tumor-bearing dogs was not increased significantly by the surgical resection of the thyroid tumors. Of dogs with thyroid tumors, 15% had clinical diagnoses of hypothyroidism, and no dogs with thyroid tumors had diagnoses of hyperthyroidism.

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