Constructions of Masculinity and the Perception of Interracial Relationships Among Young Male Chinese International Students and Scholars in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Katherine R. Allen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Young Male ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interracial Relationships ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Chinese International Students ◽  
Chinese Men

Relocating to the United States influences the perceptions of Chinese men on manhood and their attitudes toward interracial relationships between Chinese women and American men. In this study, we examined how the intersection of gender and race in a cross-cultural context shaped constructions of masculinity of young male Chinese international students and scholars, and how racialized masculinity experiences influenced their relationships with women and with peer U.S. men. We interviewed 18 Chinese men (Mean age = 26.06 years, range = 20-30) and used thematic analysis to analyze in-depth interview data. We found that some men adopted flexible, protective, and diverse strategies to reclaim their masculinity by reconciling American and Chinese masculinities. Others felt degraded and took a negative attitude toward the interracial relationship between Chinese women and American men. Despite the influence of cross-cultural contexts, the Chinese patriarchal Confucian tradition exerted a strong influence on participants’ masculinity construction.

scholarly journals Anxiety- and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients With Breast Cancer: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of China and the United States

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jin You ◽  
Qian Lu ◽  
Michael J. Zvolensky ◽  
Zhiqiang Meng ◽  
Kay Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Chinese Patients

Purpose Literature has documented the prevalence of anxiety and its adverse effect on quality of life among patients with breast cancer from Western countries, yet cross-cultural examinations with non-Western patients are rare. This cross-cultural study investigated differences in anxiety and its association with quality of life between US and Chinese patients with breast cancer. Methods Patients with breast cancer from the United States and China completed measures for anxiety (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and quality of life (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast). Results After controlling for demographic and medical characteristics, Chinese patients reported higher levels of trait and state anxiety than US patients. Although there was an association between anxiety and quality of life in both groups of patients, the association between state anxiety and quality of life was stronger among Chinese patients than among US patients, with the association between trait anxiety and quality of life the same between the two cultural samples. Conclusion These findings suggest that anxiety and its association with quality of life among patients with breast cancer varies depending on cultural context, which reveals greater anxiety and poorer quality of life among Chinese patients compared with US patients. This suggests greater unmet psychosocial needs among Chinese patients and highlights the need to build comprehensive cancer care systems for a better quality of life in Chinese populations.

Cross-Cultural Validation of Measures of Social Support

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uday Tate
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Supervisory Support ◽  
Sales Personnel ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Cultural Validation

To examine the applicability of social support scales in a cross-cultural context measures of supervisory support, coworkers' support, and support from family members and close friends were obtained from retail sales personnel, 262 from the United States, 195 from Japan, and 183 from Colombia. Reliability and the factorial validity suggest that these measures may be applied across different cultures or nations.

Perceived Social Support among International Students at a U.S. University

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 667-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Chavajay
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Support ◽  
International Students ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
Host Culture ◽  
Social Support Scale

This study investigated the extent and sources of perceived social support among international students attending a northeastern university in the United States. Using the Index of Sojourner Social Support Scale, international students reported perceiving greater socioemotional and instrumental support from other international people than from Americans. Results also indicated that younger international students perceived more socioemotional and instrumental support from others than did older international students. The findings point to sources of social support available to international students in the host culture and the important role such types of social support may play in helping international students make adjustments to living and studying in a new cultural context.

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