Predictors of Substance Use in Registered Nurses: The Role of Psychological Trauma

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592098712
Author(s):  
Karen J. Foli ◽  
Lingsong Zhang ◽  
Blake Reddick
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Registered Nurses ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Predictive Variables ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Health Organization

Substance use disorders (SUDs) in nursing have individual well-being, patient safety, and licensure/regulatory implications. Literature is scarce related to predicting SUDs in registered nurses; this study included specific items surrounding nurses’ psychological trauma. An online survey, consisting of validated scales and investigator-generated items was distributed to 4,000 registered nurses in Indiana with a yield of 1,478 surveys. The World Health Organization: Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) was used as the dependent variable to assess risk of SUDs. Three multivariate regression models with predictive variables for risk of tobacco ( R2 = 0.08), alcohol ( R2 = 0.09), and other substances ( R2 = 0.10) use were found. Of concern, nurses are at moderate risk for tobacco use at 11.6%; alcohol use at 11.6% and for other substances at 10.4%. Each regression model contained distinct predictor variables; however, variables occurring in all three models were: depression, anxiety, and items surrounding psychological trauma (adverse childhood experiences, life events, lateral workplace violence).

scholarly journals How COVID-19 Affected Burnout and Job Satisfaction Levels Among the Healthcare Workers in Jordanian Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 664-667
Author(s):  
Bani Ahmad Amer, RN, MHA, Ph.D.
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Health Organization

Aim: To establish how COVID-19 affected the burnout and job satisfaction levels among the health care provider in Jordan hospitals. Methodology: The online survey questionnaire was distributed to 160 nurses, doctors, and specialists and 152 responses were captured in the Google form feedback from healthcare workers from Jordan hospitals. The survey questions wanted responses related to establishment of job satisfaction and burnout levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire contained questions investigating the nurses' and doctors' demographic factors, work-related variables, and personal experiences. Additionally, the provision of basic needs at the workplace were investigated, and the world Health Organization-5 well-being index was established through the questionnaires (Hamdam et al., 2020). Different statistics measurements were used. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize both the background information about the healthcare providers and burnout levels. Results: From the 152 healthcare professionals filed their responses, 32.6% were males, and the rest were females. Approximately 48%.13% and 16% were nurses, doctors, and pharmacists. Burnout was caused by exhaustion, depression, anxiety, and overtime working time. 7% of the nurses were satisfied with the work, while 72.5% were not satisfied. Approximately 24% of the male healthcare providers demonstrated resilience in employment, while 5% of the female healthcare professionals demonstrated burnout and total withdrawal due to the scourging effects of COVID-19 (Abujilban et al., 2021). The healthcare providers that received psychological support from their families seemed strong and suffered lower burnout levels. The fear of infection created anxiety that led to stress, and high burnout levels. Conclusions: COVID -19 led to increased levels of burnout and lack of job satisfaction. The hospitals in Jordan were not prepared, and the fear of nurses and doctors getting infected created more anxiety. The healthcare motivation and energy to work reduced to a bare minimum.

The Components of Workplace Violence against Nurses from the Perspective of Women Working in a Hospital in Tehran: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Mansourian ◽  
Mitra Faghihi ◽  
Aliasghar Farshad ◽  
Maryam Biglari Abhari ◽  
Nammamali Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Organizational Relationships ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Female Nurses

Abstract Background: Based on the World Health Organization (WHO), workplace violence can affect events where employees are abused, threatened or attacked in their workplace, and it also has some consequences such as safety, welfare, and health. Like other types of violence, workplace violence and aggression is an increasing phenomenon. Moreover, workplace violence not only disrupts interpersonal and organizational relationships, but it also impairs people's self-esteem and affects their physical and mental health and well-being. Thus, the present study aimed to explain the components of workplace violence against nurses from the perspective of women working in a hospital in Tehran, which was conducted through the qualitative method and content analysis.Methods: Purposive sampling included 21 female nurses who were working in different wards of the hospital. Also, female nurses were selected with maximum diversity in terms of age, work experience, and the wards they were working in. The semi-structured interview was the main method of data collection in this study. The interview transcriptions were extracted and then divided into meaningful units. For strengthening and confirming the results and accuracy of the research, the author used the data credibility, acceptability, validity, accuracy, believability, verifiability, reliability, and transferability.Results: During the data analysis process, the first 15 classes with the same characteristics were put together and then divided into 6 classes. Afterward, based on the common features at a more abstract level, they were converted into 2 themes. Based on the findings, violence against women in the workplace occurs at two levels, namely interpersonal violence and organizational coercion.Conclusions: Therefore, it is necessary for managers to commit to lay the groundwork for reducing violence in the hospital, to lower the level of violence in workplaces, as well as barriers to report these cases especially in hospitals, and managers and officials’ awareness on violence in these workplaces must effort to prevent and reduce it.

scholarly journals The components of workplace violence against nurses from the perspective of women working in a hospital in Tehran: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitra Faghihi ◽  
Aliasghar Farshad ◽  
Maryam Biglari Abhari ◽  
Nammamali Azadi ◽  
Morteza Mansourian
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Organizational Relationships ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Female Nurses

Abstract Background Based on the World Health Organization (WHO), workplace violence can affect events where employees are abused, attacked or threatened in their workplace, and it also has some consequences such as safety, welfare, and health. Like other types of violence, workplace violence and aggression are an increasing phenomenon. Moreover, workplace violence not only disrupts interpersonal and organizational relationships, but it also impairs the persons self-esteem and affects their physical and mental health and well-being. Thus, this study aimed to explain the components of workplace violence against nurses from the perspective of women working in a hospital in Tehran, which was conducted through the qualitative method and content analysis. Methods In this study Purposive sampling included 21 female nurses who were working in different wards of the hospital. Also, female nurses were selected with maximum diversity in terms of work experience, age, and the wards they were working in. in this study the semi-structured interview was the main method of data collection. The interview transcriptions were extracted and then divided into meaningful units. For strengthening and confirming the results and accuracy of the research, the author used the data acceptability, credibility, accuracy, validity, believability, verifiability, reliability, and transferability. Results During the data analysis process of this study, the first 15 classes with the same characteristics were put together and then divided into 6 classes. Afterwards, based on the common features at a more abstract level, they were converted into 2 themes. Based on the findings, violence against women in the workplace occurs at two levels, that namely interpersonal violence and organizational coercion. Conclusion Therefore, it is necessary for managers to commit to lay the groundwork for reducing violence in the hospital, as well as barriers to report these cases especially the hospital managers and officials should create awareness on workplace among the staff, patient and visitors and must ensure stringent actions to prevent it.

scholarly journals Screening for use of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis in pregnancy using self-report tools

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-223
Author(s):  
E. Hotham ◽  
J. White ◽  
R. Ali ◽  
J. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Antenatal Screening ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
In Pregnancy

The World Health Organization has identified substance use in the top 20 risk factors for ill health. Risks in pregnancy are compounded, with risk to the woman's health, to pregnancy progression and on both the foetus and the newborn. Intrauterine exposure can result in negative influences on offspring development, sometimes into adulthood. With effectively two patients, there is a clear need for antenatal screening. Biomarker reliability is limited and research efforts have been directed to self-report tools, often attempting to address potential lack of veracity if women feel guilty about substance use and worried about possible stigmatization. Tools, which assume the behaviour, are likely to elicit more honest responses; querying pre-pregnancy use would likely have the same effect. Although veracity is heightened if substance use questions are embedded within health and social functioning questionnaires, such tools may be too lengthy clinically. It has been proposed that screening only for alcohol and tobacco, with focus on the month pre-pregnancy, could enable identification of all other substances. Alternatively, the Revised Fagerstrom Questionnaire could be used initially, tobacco being highly indicative of substance use generally. The ASSIST V.3.0 is readily administered and covers all substances, although the pregnancy ‘risk level’ cut-off for tobacco is not established. Alcohol tools – the 4Ps, TLFB and ‘drug’ CAGE (with E: query of use to avoid withdrawal) – have been studied with other substances and could be used. General psychosocial distress and mental ill-health often co-exist with substance use and identification of substance use needs to become legitimate practice for obstetric clinicians.

Study the Anatomy and Physiology of Body's Urinary System and Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) for the Design an Intelligent Alarm System for Monitoring of FMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Shirzadfar ◽  
Narsis Gordoghli
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
International Association ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
World Health ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Health Organization

In recent years, chronic medical problems have become increasingly prevalent. Chronic ‎illnesses challenge the view of life as a regular and continuous process, a challenge that has ‎important psychological consequences. The long duration of people suffering from these ‎diseases, the long process of treatment and the fact that there is no proper and definitive ‎treatment for most of these diseases and their associated complications have made chronic ‎diseases a detrimental factor in public health. According to the World Health Organization ‎‎(2006), the prevalence of chronic and non-communicable diseases is increasing in all countries, ‎especially developing countries, so that the major challenge for the health system in the present ‎century, is not living people, but better adapted to chronic illnesses and maintaining their ‎mental and social health and well-being Ed's life-threatening chronic physical illness.‎ Chronic pain is a pain that lasts longer than usual, and according to the criteria of the ‎International Association of Pain, this time is defined as at least 3 months to 6 months. Chronic ‎pain is such that not only faced the sick person whit the pressure of the pain but also with many ‎other pressure that affect different parts of her life. Fibromyalgia is one of the most rheumatologic disorders and one of the most resistant chronic ‎pain syndromes. Fibromyalgia is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in adults ‎and chronic pain is one of the most common complaints in this group of patients.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Taiwan: An Facebook Online study on Concern/Fear Regarding the Disease and General Anxiety and Relevant Factors (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Wei Wang ◽  
Wei-Hsin Lu ◽  
Yi-Lung Chen ◽  
Dian-Jeng Li ◽  
Yu-Ping Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Health Organization

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a ‘public health emergency of international concern. Both worry and anxiety are the common psychological impact during the pandemic. The level of and determinants for worry and anxiety during COVID-19 are not well explored. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to explore the associations of demographic and environmental factors with worry toward COVID-19 and general anxiety among people in Taiwan. METHODS In total, 1970 respondents were recruited through a Facebook advertisement and completed an online survey on worry toward COVID-19, general anxiety during the pandemic, and individual and environmental factors. RESULTS In total, 51.7% and 43.4% of respondents reported high levels of worry toward COVID-19 and general anxiety, respectively. Worse self-rated mental health, lower self-confidence in COVID-19 management, and insufficient mental health resources were significantly associated with high levels of both worry toward COVID-19 and general anxiety. Lower perceived confidence in COVID-19 management by the regional government was significantly associated with a higher level of worry toward COVID-19. Lower perceived social support was significantly associated with a higher level of general anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that high levels of worry toward COVID-19 and general anxiety were prevalent during the disease outbreak. Multiple individual and environmental factors related to worry toward COVID-19 and general anxiety were identified. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals The impact of poly-traumatization on treatment outcomes in young people with substance use disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidsel Karsberg ◽  
Morten Hesse ◽  
Michael Mulbjerg Pedersen ◽  
Ruby Charak ◽  
Mads Uffe Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Treatment Entry ◽  
Trauma Types ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug Use Disorder

Abstract Background It is believed that clients with psychological trauma experiences have a poor prognosis with regard to treatment participation and outcomes for substance use disorders. However, knowledge on the effect of the number of trauma experiences is scarce. Methods Using data from drug use disorder (DUD) treatment in Denmark, we assessed the impact of having experienced multiple potentially traumatic experiences on DUD treatment efficacy. Baseline and follow-up data from 775 young participants (mean age = 20.2 years, standard deviation = 2.6) recruited at nine treatment centers were included in analyses. Results Analyses showed that participants who were exposed multiple trauma experiences also reported a significantly higher intake of cannabis at treatment entry, and a lower well-being score than participants who reported less types or no types of victimization experiences. During treatment, patients with multiple types of trauma experiences showed a slower rate of reduction of cannabis than patients with few or no trauma experiences. The number of trauma types was not associated with number of sessions attended or the development of well-being in treatment. Conclusion Overall, the results show that although traumatized youth in DUD treatment show up for treatment, helping them to reduce substance use during treatment is uniquely challenging. Trial registration ISRCTN88025085, date of registration: 29.08.2016, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals How Loud and Clear Rung the Alarm Bell: The Communication Efforts of WHO on the Beginning of COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
pp. 002073142110249
Author(s):  
Huriye Toker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
International Development ◽  
International Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Releases ◽  
The Media ◽  
Credible Information ◽  
Health Organization

As seen clearly from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health is an important foreign policy and diplomatic issue connected with security, economic well-being, and international development. According to risk communication researchers, effective, transparent, and timely information sharing is the most important tool after vaccines for responding to pandemics. This study aims to start a scholarly discussion on the risk communication efforts of the World Health Organization (WHO) during the COVID-19 outbreak. We analyzed WHO’s communication efforts during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the leading international health organization, WHO was responsible for providing rapid, up-to-date, and credible information for the public and the media. The selected research items were 42 news releases and statements provided by WHO between December 31, 2019, and March 30, 2020. These were subjected to qualitative and quantitative content analyses using the NVivo 12 qualitative analysis software program for coding. The data were coded under 6 variables (date of publication, topics, frequency, wording of the COVID-19 outbreak, sourcing, and themes of the releases). While 54.7% of WHO's communications were devoted to the COVID-19 outbreak, more than half were not issued until March. That is, instead of early risk communication and clear warnings about the outbreak, WHO acted overcautiously, preferring messages related to solidarity and cooperation during the most devastating pandemic of the 21st century.

scholarly journals Online Training in Specific Meditation Practices Improves Gratitude, Well-Being, Self-Compassion, and Confidence in Providing Compassionate Care Among Health Professionals

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Rao ◽  
Kathi J. Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Compassionate Care ◽  
Clinician Training ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Compassion Meditation ◽  
Health Organization

Mind-body practices that intentionally generate positive emotion could improve health professionals’ well-being and compassion. However, the feasibility and impact of clinician training in these practices is unknown. Data were analyzed from 3 online modules offered to health professionals: ( a) Gratitude, ( b) Positive Word, and ( c) Loving-kindness/Compassion meditation. Paired t tests were used to assess pre- to posttraining changes in gratitude (Gratitude Questionnaire), well-being (World Health Organization Well-Being Index), self-compassion (Neff’s Self-Compassion Scale), and confidence in providing compassionate care (Confidence in Providing Calm, Compassionate Care Scale). The 177 enrollees included diverse practitioners (nurses, physicians, social workers, and others). Training was associated with statistically significant improvements in gratitude (38.3 ± 4.6 to 39.5 ± 3.3), well-being (16.4 ± 4.0 to 17.9 ± 4.2), self-compassion (39.5 ± 8.1 to 43.1 ± 7.6), and confidence in providing compassionate care (73.3 ± 16.4 to 80.9 ± 13.8; P < .001 for all comparisons). Brief, online training appeals to diverse health professionals and improves their gratitude, well-being, self-compassion, and confidence in providing compassionate care.

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