Effect of Lipoteichoic Acid on Proliferation and Differentiation of Keratinocytes

1989 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 646-650
Author(s):  
Takeshi Yabe ◽  
Cheng-Chun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
Transglutaminase Activity ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Envelopes

Bacterial infection is always found to be associated with cholesteatoma. Accumulation of keratin debris is one of the crucial factors for the growth of cholesteatoma. The effects of lipoteichoic acid, a cell wall component of gram-positive bacteria, on the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes were studied. Various concentrations of lipoteichoic acid (0 to 100 μg/ml) were added to keratinocytes. DNA synthesis and protein synthesis were inhibited by decreasing the incorporation of 3H-thymldine and 3H-leucine into keratinocytes. The effects of lipoteichoic acid on terminal differentiation were then studied by measuring the number of sodium dodecyi sulfate-Insoluble cornlfied cell envelopes and the transglutaminase activity (a marker of terminal differentiation) determined by incorporation of 3H-putrescine into cornifled envelopes. These studies showed that lipoteichoic acid stimulated the formation of cornifled cell envelopes and transglutaminase activity. These findings suggest that lipoteichoic acid stimulated the terminal differentiation and accumulation of keratin debris and that lipoteichoic acid might have stimulatory effects on the development of cholesteatoma.

scholarly journals L-Ficolin Specifically Binds to Lipoteichoic Acid, a Cell Wall Constituent of Gram-Positive Bacteria, and Activates the Lectin Pathway of Complement

2004 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 1198-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Lynch ◽  
Silke Roscher ◽  
Thomas Hartung ◽  
Siegfried Morath ◽  
Misao Matsushita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Lectin Pathway ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Cell Wall Constituent ◽  
A Cell

scholarly journals Gram-positive bacteria cell wall-derived lipoteichoic acid induces inflammatory alveolar bone loss through prostaglandin E production in osteoblasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Tominari ◽  
Ayumi Sanada ◽  
Ryota Ichimaru ◽  
Chiho Matsumoto ◽  
Michiko Hirata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

AbstractPeriodontitis is an inflammatory disease associated with severe alveolar bone loss and is dominantly induced by lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria; however, the role of Gram-positive bacteria in periodontal bone resorption remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a major cell-wall factor of Gram-positive bacteria, on the progression of inflammatory alveolar bone loss in a model of periodontitis. In coculture of mouse primary osteoblasts and bone marrow cells, LTA induced osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. LTA enhanced the production of PGE2 accompanying the upregulation of the mRNA expression of mPGES-1, COX-2 and RANKL in osteoblasts. The addition of indomethacin effectively blocked the LTA-induced osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the production of PGE2. Using ex vivo organ cultures of mouse alveolar bone, we found that LTA induced alveolar bone resorption and that this was suppressed by indomethacin. In an experimental model of periodontitis, LTA was locally injected into the mouse lower gingiva, and we clearly detected alveolar bone destruction using 3D-μCT. We herein demonstrate a new concept indicating that Gram-positive bacteria in addition to Gram-negative bacteria are associated with the progression of periodontal bone loss.

ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Cell Wall Component of Haemophilus (Actinobacillus) pleuropneumoniae Type 2.

ChemInform ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. VEENEMAN ◽  
H. F. BRUGGHE ◽  
P. HOOGERHOUT ◽  
G. A. VAN DER MAREL ◽  
J. H. VAN BOOM
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
A Cell

scholarly journals Evidence of Immunostimulating Lipoprotein Existing in the Natural Lipoteichoic Acid Fraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 1926-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahito Hashimoto ◽  
Maiko Furuyashiki ◽  
Ryoko Kaseya ◽  
Yuka Fukada ◽  
Mai Akimaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Enterococcus Hirae ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Active Structure ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
A Cell

ABSTRACT Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a cell surface glycoconjugate of gram-positive bacteria and is reported to activate the innate immune system. We previously reported that purified LTA obtained from Enterococcus hirae has no immunostimulating activity, but a subfraction (Eh-AF) in an LTA fraction possesses activity. In this study, we established a mouse monoclonal antibody neutralizing the activity of Eh-AF and investigated its inhibitory effects. Monoclonal antibody (MAbEh1) was established by the immunization of BALB/c mice with Eh-AF, followed by hybridoma screening based on its inhibitory effect for the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) induced by Eh-AF. MAbEh1 neutralized the production of IL-6 by LTA fraction from not only E. hirae but also Staphylococcus aureus, while it failed to block that of lipopolysaccharide, suggesting that the antibody recognized a common active structure(s) in LTA fractions. Synthetic glycolipids in these LTAs did not induce cytokine production, at least in our system. Interestingly, the antibody was found to inhibit the activity of immunostimulating synthetic lipopeptides, Pam3CSK4 and FSL-1. These results suggest that MAbEh1 neutralizes the activity of lipoprotein-like compounds which is responsible for the activity of the LTA fraction of E. hirae and S. aureus.

Synthesis of a cell wall component of haemophilus (actinobacillus) pleuropneumoniae type 2

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 610-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Veeneman ◽  
H. F. Brugghe ◽  
P. Hoogerhout ◽  
G. A. van der Marel ◽  
J. H. van Boom
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
A Cell

THE EFFECT OF PENICILLIN ON THE STRUCTURE OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL CELL WALLS

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. E. Murray ◽  
W. H. Francombe ◽  
B. H. Mayall
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Resistant Strains

Cultures of sensitive stains of Staphylococcus aureus were fixed with osmium tetroxide after 1–5 hours' exposure to various does of pencillin and were embedded in methacrylate for sectioning and electron microscopy. They were compared with untreated, control cultures. The contrast of the cell wall material was untreated, control cultures. The contrast of the cell wall material was increased, by cutting the section of lanthanum nitrate.The cells increased in size and the surrounding cell wall was thinner than normal. The main lesions appeared in the developing cell wall septa, which showed a loss in density and gross irregularity of shape. Some questionable inclusions were seen in the cytoplasm. Lysis was prevented in a medium containing 0.3 M sucrose and the stable spheroplasts retained a recognizable cell wall after 24 hours' exposure to penicillin. However, the septa could not be demonstrated in the cells treated in sucrose medium.Two resistant strains were exposed to penicillin. In one, the cells showed no morphological effects; in the other, there was temporary damage to the cell septa with complete recovery.The observations support the hypothesis that penicillin interferes with the synthesis of a cell wall component and indicate that the main point of cell wall synthesis is at the site of septum formation.

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