Increased Nasal Eosinophils in Children with Otitis Media with Effusion

The pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion is still under debate, but allergic sensitization has been suggested in some cases. We investigated whether nasal cytology may indicate an allergic pathogenesis for otitis media with effusion. Atopic symptoms, results of skin prick tests to common aeroallergens, and nasal cytology by nasal scraping were evaluated in 40 children with current otitis media with effusion and compared with findings in a group of 40 healthy children. The presence of nasal eosinophils was significantly more frequent in children with otitis media with effusion than in the control group ( p < 0.05). Nasal eosinophils were significantly associated with both allergic rhinitis ( p < 0.001) and positive skin prick test results ( p < 0.001). Allergic rhinitis with nasal eosinophilla was found in six children of the study group and in one child of the control group ( p < 0.05). Our data suggest that nasal allergic Inflammation may play a role in a subset of patients with otitis media with effusion. Therefore the possibility of allergic sensitization must always be considered in patients with serous otitis media.

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Impact of Allergic Rhinitis on Voice in Children

ORL ◽

10.1159/000514120 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Serap Sahin Onder ◽

Fatih Savran ◽

Burak Karabulut ◽

Mehmet Surmeli ◽

Aysen Cetemen

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Skin Prick Test ◽

Fundamental Frequency ◽

Diagnostic Process ◽

Control Group ◽

Positive Skin Prick Test ◽

Voice Change ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Prick Test ◽

Maximum Phonation Time

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to determine the possible effect of allergic rhinitis (AR) on voice change in children with acoustic analysis and Turkish children’s voice handicap index-10 (TR-CVHI-10). Methods: This is a case-control study. Forty-one children with AR, and a positive skin prick test, as well as 39 children of controls who had produced a negative skin prick test and lacked a history of allergic disease, were selected for the study. Each assessment included recordings for the purposes of acoustic voice analysis (fundamental frequency [f0], jitter %, shimmer %, and harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR)), and aerodynamic analysis (maximum phonation time (MPT) and s/z ratio). All participants completed TR-CVHI-10. Results: The mean TR-CVHI-10 score of the AR group was significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.013). No difference was observed between the AR and control groups in terms of jitter, shimmer, HNR, and MPT values and s/z ratio (p > 0.05). Conversely, the f0 value was more pronounced in controls (270.9 ± 60.3 Hz) than in the AR group (237.7 ± 54.3 Hz) (p = 0.012). Conclusion: The study’s results revealed that AR can have an effect on fundamental frequency and voice quality in children. The diagnostic process should include AR as a potential cause of voice disorders in children.

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Incidence of sensitization to specific inhalatory allergens in patients suffering from allergic rhinitis

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp170309071b ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 50-54

Author(s):

Maja Buljcik-Cupic ◽

Slobodan Savovic ◽

Sanja Hromis ◽

Slobodanka Lemajic-Komazec ◽

Dea Karaba-Jakovljevic

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Skin Prick Test ◽

Allergic Sensitization ◽

Positive Skin Prick Test ◽

Indoor Allergens ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Prick Test ◽

Chronic Rhinitis ◽

Frequent Type ◽

Number Of Patients

Backgound/Aim. Allergic rhinitis is the most frequent type of rhinitis affecting more than 600 million people worldwide. As incidence increases, it is important to know about the characteristics, the allergens that exacerbate it as well as effects of allergic rhinitis on population. The aim of this study was to determine among patients with chronic rhinitis the number of patients positive to standard inhaled allergens, their distribution by sex, age and to determine the type and frequency of allergic sensitization to specific inhalatory allergens. Methods. Data was collected from 514 patients tested for standard inhalatory allergens via the skin prick test from 01.01.2016 to 31.12. 2016. Age, sex and concomitant diseases as well an analysis of type and frequency of hypersensitivity to different allergens were assessed and recorded. Results. Of 514 patients, 307 patients, with an average age of 29.6 ? 8.88 years had a positive skin prick test. The sex ratio was 1.2 : 1 in favor of the females. Outdoor allergens affected 81.2% of all patients while indoor allergens 66.4% of them. Weed pollen (71%), grass pollen (61%) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (46%) were the most common allergens. Most patients were sensitized to 1 (22%) or 2 (22%) allergens, while 20% of patients were simultaneously sensitized to 3 allergens. Conclusion. Most patients with the symptoms of chronic rhinitis had a positive allergic reaction. Those in their third decade of life were the most commonly affected. Outdoor allergens were the most prevalent allergen group, and weed pollen was the most frequent type of allergen.

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Immunotherapy in Allergic Rhinitis: It’s Effect on the Immune System and Clinical Symptoms

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2018.264 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 1248-1252 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Samaneh Kouzegaran ◽

Mohammad Ali Zamani ◽

Reza Faridhosseini ◽

Houshang Rafatpanah ◽

Abdolrahim Rezaee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Nasal Congestion ◽

Subcutaneous Immunotherapy ◽

Positive Skin Prick Test ◽

Tgf Beta ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Ifn Gamma ◽

Clinical Criteria ◽

Prick Test

BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common allergic diseases and characterised by sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion and nasopharyngeal itching. Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for specific allergens is an effective treatment and induces the inhibitory effect of T regulatory lymphocytes and decreases clinical symptoms in allergic rhinitis.AIM: In this study effect of subcutaneous immunotherapy with specific allergens on clinical symptoms and T regulatory and T Helper cells cytokines, in patients with allergic rhinitis are evaluated.METHODS: In this study, 30 patients with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis according to clinical criteria and positive skin prick test for aeroallergens were selected and treated by SCIT. Clinical symptoms and T cells cytokines IL4, IL17, IFN gamma, TGF beta, GITR, FOXP3 and IL-10 (by RT-PCR) were evaluated before and one year after initiation of treatment.RESULTS: Thirty (30) patients with allergic rhinitis at age range 15-45 years old were treated by SCIT, and 23 (14 female, 9 male) patients continued the study, and 7 patients did not continue treatment. After immunotherapy, clinical symptoms decreased significantly. The specific cytokines TGF beta and IL10 levels increased and changes were statistically significant. (Respectively P = 0.013 and P = 0.05) The IL17 level was also increased, but not statistically significant. (P = 0.8) IFN gamma, IL4, GITR, FOXP3, all decreased, but the changes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Subcutaneous Immunotherapy for specific allergens decreases clinical symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis and induces tolerance in T lymphocytes, especially by increasing T regulatory cells cytokines, TGF beta and IL10.

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Soy Skin Prick Test in Patients with Physician-Diagnosed Atopic Disorders

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa063.007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

S M Reda ◽

N M Radwan ◽

H R Abdelghany

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Skin Prick Test ◽

Soy Protein ◽

Total Serum ◽

Positive Skin Prick Test ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Serum Ige ◽

Prick Test ◽

Protein Sensitization

Abstract Background Soy protein is an important component of soybeans and is one the 8 most significant food allergens. Yet, the prevalence of soy allergy in the pediatric population is not well defined. Objectives To evaluate the incidence of IgE mediated soy protein sensitization among children with clinical manifestation of atopic disorders by the use of skin prick test (SPT) for soy protein. Methods Two hundred patients with atopic manifestations attending the Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Clinic at the Pediatric Department of Ain shams University, were recruited between January 2017 till January 2018. They were subjected to SPT to soy protein, measurement of total serum IgE and eosinophilic count in the peripheral blood. Results Of the 200 patients, 108 (54%) were males and 92 (46%) were females with a male to female ratio of 1.17:1. Their ages ranged between 2 years and 15 years (mean±SD; 6.0±33.3 years). Seven patients (3.5%) had positive skin prick test to soy protein. The mean value for the absolute eosinophilic count was 0.4x109/L. The median for the total serum IgE level was 50 IU/L. According to age, the highest percentage of soy protein sensitivity was elicited among patients less than 3 years (57.14%), followed by those between 3 to 6 years (28.5%) and those between 6 and 15 years (14.28%). A positive family history of atopy was recorded in 122 (61%) of all cases. In terms of gender, incidence of soya sensitivity was higher among males than females but with no statistical difference. Although the most common allergic manifestations of all studied patients were respiratory (83%), and atopic dermatitis (22.5%), yet positive SPT to soy proteins was elicited in 43% in allergic rhinitis cases, in 29% of asthma patients, in 14% of patients with combined asthma and allergic rhinitis, and 14.3% of patients having eczema. Conclusion Soy protein sensitization is not uncommon in children especially in those with atopic manifestations. Large scale studies are needed to evaluate the actual incidence of soy protein hypersensitivity in children.

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The effect of allergic rhinitis with positive skin prick test on choroidal thickness

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology ◽

10.1007/s00405-017-4513-z ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 274 (6) ◽

pp. 2477-2481

Author(s):

Alper Yenigun ◽

Ahmet Elbay ◽

Remzi Dogan ◽

Orhan Ozturan ◽

Mehmet Hakan Ozdemir

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Skin Prick Test ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Positive Skin Prick Test ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Prick Test

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The effects of adenoidectomy of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and ghrelin in hypertrophied adenoids in children with otitis media with effusion

Otolaryngologia Polska ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0014.0223 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 13-17

Author(s):

Beata Żelazowska-Rutkowska ◽

Klaudia Jacewicz ◽

Edwina Kasprzycka ◽

Bożena Skotnicka ◽

Bogdan Cylwik

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Reference Group ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Significant Difference

Aim: The aim of the current study was to assess the serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and ghrelin in hypertrophied adenoids in children suffering with or without otitis media with effusion before and after adenoidectomy. Material and methods: Serum IGF-1 and ghrelin concentrations were measured with specific enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) methods. The study was carried out in 20 children with otitis media with effusion. The reference group comprised 24 children with hypertrophied adenoid, while control group included 19 children. Results: This mean values of IGF-1 in children with otitis media with effusion and children with hypertrophied adenoid before adenoidectomy were significantly lower than those found in healthy children. Serum levels of IGF-1 were higher after adenoidectomy. There was a significant difference of serum ghrelin levels between both examined groups and the control group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that adenoidectomy in children with hypertrophied adenoids and in children with otitis media with effusion significantly increases the level of IGF-1 in serum compared to before surgery through the effect of the GH-IGF-1 axis, which could contribute to children’s growth.

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Relationship of T lymphocytes, cytokines, immunoglobulin E and nitric oxide with otitis media with effusion in children and their clinical significances

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.65.7.971 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (7) ◽

pp. 971-976

Author(s):

Wenyan Fan ◽

Xiaoyan Li ◽

Hongming Xu ◽

Limin Zhao ◽

Jiali Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Observation Group ◽

Cd8 T Lymphocyte

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To investigate the relations of T lymphocytes, cytokines, immunoglobulin E, and nitric oxide with otitis media with effusion (OME) in children and their clinical significances. METHODS Fifty children with OME treated in our hospital were enrolled in the study (observation group). Fifty healthy children were selected as control. The percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in peripheral blood, and the levels of cytokine (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, immunoglobulin E (IgE) and nitric oxide (NO) in peripheral blood and middle ear effusion (MEE) in both groups were detected. The correlations of these indexes with OME were analyzed. RESULTS The percentage of peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ levels, CD4+/CD8 ratio, IgE, and NO levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). In the observation group, the IL-2 and IL-6 levels, and IgE and NO levels in the MEE were significantly higher than those in peripheral blood (P < 0.01). In addition, in the observation group, the MEE IL-2 and IL-6 levels were positively correlated with peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ ratio, respectively r = 0.366, P = 0.009; r = 0.334, P = 0.018. CONCLUSIONS The levels of peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and MEE IL-2, IL-6, IgE, and NO levels are increased in children with OME. These indexes have provided significant clues for the diagnosis of OME in children.

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Nasal Cytology as a Marker of Atopy in Children

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2017/4159251 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anna Mierzejewska ◽

Anna Jung ◽

Bolesław Kalicki

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Atopic Disease ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Atopic Diseases ◽

Significant Group ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Nasal Cytology

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytological picture of nasal mucosa in children with atopic diseases and to determine the diagnostic value of the test for the diagnosis of atopic diseases. The study included 140 children from 4 months to 17 years old. Among children with a history of atopy, there were 30 children with atopic dermatitis, 30 children with asthma, and 46 children with allergic rhinitis. The control group consisted of 34 healthy children. The nasal scraping technique has been used to collect samples from the nasal cavity. The samples were evaluated under light microscope. Epithelial cells as well as infiltrating cells were assessed. The only statistically significant group of cells differentiating children with atopic disease and without atopy were eosinophils, which in children with atopy were significantly more common. Assuming a significant eosinophilia value of at least 5% of all cells in cytogram, the sensitivity of nasal cytology in allergic rhinitis was 52.2%, in asthma 33.3%, and in atopic dermatitis 13.3%. The specificity of the test in atopic diseases was 94.1%. It can be concluded that nasal cytology with eosinophilia assessment can be a useful tool for an early diagnosis of atopic disease in children.

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Pattern of Aeroallergen Sensitization and Quality of Life in Adult Thai Patients With Allergic Rhinitis

Frontiers in Allergy ◽

10.3389/falgy.2021.695055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

Author(s):

Puspalal Katel ◽

Bannapuch Pinkaew ◽

Kanokporn Talek ◽

Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Short Form ◽

Positive Skin Prick Test ◽

Thai Population ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Prick Test ◽

Sensitization Pattern ◽

Indoor And Outdoor

The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) is steadily rising in the Thai population, causing a major impact on the quality of life (QoL). Enhancing knowledge on common aeroallergens in the local setting helps in the appropriate prevention and management of AR. In this study, the demographic characteristics, clinical data, aeroallergen sensitization pattern, allergic symptoms, visual analog scale (VAS) score, and QoL are described. We evaluated the association between VAS, QoL, and severity of symptoms, except the aeroallergen sensitization pattern. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of adult AR patients with a positive skin prick test (SPT) for at least one aeroallergen from January 2018 to May 2020. Standard descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis. A total of 366 patients were enrolled. Indoor aeroallergen sensitization and outdoor aeroallergen sensitization were observed in 32% and 7.9% of patients, respectively. Mono-sensitization was noted in 16.9% of patients, while poly-sensitization was noted in 83.1% of patients. Mites (65%) and sedge (39.3%) were the most common indoor and outdoor allergens. Nasal obstruction (74.6%), runny nose (63.7%), and nasal itchiness (61.5%) were the primary symptoms affecting the QoL. The association between VAS and symptom scores showed a trend of association with AR severity (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma [ARIA] classification) and VAS. AR has a significant effect on QoL in all domains of the validated generic (short-form-36, SF-36) and specific (rhino-conjunctivitis QoL questionnaire, Rcq-36) questionnaires. Mite and sedge remain the most common indoor and outdoor aeroallergens. The pattern of sensitization and number of aeroallergens were not associated with AR based on the ARIA guidelines. Meanwhile, symptoms of patients affected the QoL and VAS scores, which can be used as a quick and reliable tool for monitoring and stepping up or stepping down the treatment according to the next-generation guidelines. AR has a significant impact on the QoL of adult Thai patients.

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Prevalence of Allergic Sensitization to Conifer Pollen in a High Cypress Exposure Area

Allergy & Rhinology ◽

10.2500/ar.2016.7.0183 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. ar.2016.7.0183 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Javier Domínguez-Ortega ◽

María Ángeles López-Matas ◽

María Dolores Alonso ◽

Angélica Feliu ◽

Javier Ruiz-Hornillos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Skin Prick Testing ◽

Allergic Sensitization ◽

Positive Skin Prick Test ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Prick Test ◽

Specific Immunoglobulin E ◽

Specific Immunoglobulin ◽

Positive Results

Background Sensitization to Finales (Cupressaceae and Pinaceae) has increased dramatically in recent years. The prevalence of sensitization in different geographic areas is related to exposure to specific pollens. Objectives To investigate the prevalence of allergy to different conifer pollens, describe the characteristics of patients with such allergy, and identify the involved allergens. Methods Patients were recruited at five hospitals near Madrid. Extracts from conifer pollen were prepared and used in skin-prick testing. Wheal sizes were recorded, and serum samples obtained from patients with positive reactions to Cupressus arizonica and/or Pinus pinea. The specific immunoglobulin E value to C. arizonica and Cup a 1 was determined. Individual immunoblots for each patient and with a pool of sera were performed. Allergenic proteins were sequenced by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results Of 499 individuals included in the study, 17 (14%) had positive skin-prick test results to some conifer pollen extracts. Sixty-four patients had positive results to C. arizonica (prevalence 12.8%) and 11 had positive results to P. pinea (2.2%). All the patients had respiratory symptoms (61.4% during the C. arizonica pollination period), and 62.9% had asthma. Approximately 86% of the patients had positive specific immunoglobulin E results to C. arizonica and 923% had positive results to Cup a 1. Fourteen different bands were recognized by immunoblot; the most frequent bands were those detected at 43, 18, 16, and 14 kDa. All sequenced proteins corresponded to Cup a 1. Conclusion Allergy to conifer pollen could be considered a relevant cause of respiratory allergy in central Spain. Asthma was more frequent than in other studies. We only identified Cup a 1 as involved in sensitization.

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