scholarly journals Type D Personality and Myocardial Infarction: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-559
Author(s):  
MT Manoj ◽  
KA Joseph ◽  
Govindan Vijayaraghavan
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type D ◽  
Control Study

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is an impending global pandemic in developed countries as well as developing countries and economies in transition, such as India. A significant increase in the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), one of the most common types of CHD, is being reported in India, and the incidence and severity of the disease are more among the youth in Kerala. Studies assessing the association between psychological factors and MI are few in India. Methods: We adopted a case-control study design. A total of 150 cases (with MI) and 150 controls (without MI and matched for age and gender) from a tertiary care hospital in Trivandrum, Kerala, India, were selected using convenient sampling method, between September 2016 and August 2017. Results: As compared to 33.3% of the controls, 50.7% of patients with MI had type D personality characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for the confounders indicated a positive and statistically significant association between type D personality and MI: OR = 4.14, 95% CI = 2.19–8.85, P = 0.003. Conclusion: Type D personality is associated with MI.

scholarly journals Type D Personality and Myocardial Infarction: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 025371762094715
Author(s):  
MT Manoj ◽  
KA Joseph ◽  
Govindan Vijayaraghavan
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type D ◽  
Control Study

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is an impending global pandemic in developed countries as well as developing countries and economies in transition, such as India. A significant increase in the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), one of the most common types of CHD, is being reported in India, and the incidence and severity of the disease are more among the youth in Kerala. Studies assessing the association between psychological factors and MI are few in India. Methods: We adopted a case-control study design. A total of 150 cases (with MI) and 150 controls (without MI and matched for age and gender) from a tertiary care hospital in Trivandrum, Kerala, India, were selected using convenient sampling method, between September 2016 and August 2017. Results: As compared to 33.3% of the controls, 50.7% of patients with MI had type D personality characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for the confounders indicated a positive and statistically significant association between type D personality and MI: OR = 4.14, 95% CI = 2.19–8.85, P = 0.003. Conclusion: Type D personality is associated with MI.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with carcinoma breast: a case control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palachandra A. ◽  
Ishwaraprasad G. D. ◽  
Sreelatha C. Y. ◽  
Sumana M.
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Reproductive Factors ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Control Study

Background: The burden of breast cancer is increasing in both developed and developing countries; the peak occurrence of breast cancer in developed countries is above the age of 50 whereas in India it is above the age of 40. Reproductive factors contribute most to the development of breast cancer. Nulliparity, more age at first live birth and no breastfeeding are major reproductive risk factors for breast cancer in the developed countries. The role of reproductive factors in the development of breast cancer in Indian population is different as compared with that seen in the western population. Objective of this study was to find out some of the various risk factors of breast cancer among patients attending the tertiary care hospital in Hassan.Methods: The case control study was conducted at surgery wards of Sri Chamarajendra district hospital which is a teaching hospital. The calculated number of cases was 110, including 110 controls total 220 individuals were included in the study. A case was defined as any female patient histopathologically confirmed to have breast cancer.Results: The maximum cases (38%) were between 51 to 60 years of age group. Age at menarche, age at first child birth, age at marriage and age at menopause reported significant risk for breast cancer.Conclusions: Information, education and communication activities regarding these risk factors, early signs and symptoms of breast carcinoma, and breast self‑examination should be imparted to the women to create awareness about this fatal disease.

scholarly journals Comparison of maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnancy with altered thyroid profile and euthyroid patients: a prospective, observational and case control study in a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1594
Author(s):  
Vandna Singh ◽  
Neeta Natu ◽  
Artika Sudhir Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Altered Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Control Study ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Thyroid disease is one of the commonest endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, and when untreated during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of complications. The objective of this review was to increase awareness and to provide a review on adverse effect of thyroid dysfunction on maternal and perinatal outcome.Methods: This prospective, observational hospital-based case-control study carried on women coming for antenatal check-up in a Tertiary Care Hospital in INDORE from May 2018-December 2018. 50 known booked antenatal (case) patient with established thyroid disorder, more than 32 week of gestation, and 50-matched euthyroid patients (control) were taken.Results: Women suffering from overt and subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are nulliparous in 72% cases as compared to 32% in euthyroid patient. Increased maternal age was associated with higher incidence of thyroid dysfunction. Normal vaginal delivery by spontaneous labour seen in 56% of euthyroid, while it is reduced with thyroid dysfunction. 38% of altered thyroid profile patient undergo induction of labour and 24% cases undergo caesarean section as compared to control (17%). Adverse fetal outcome like intrauterine growth retardation, preterm birth and ICU admission seen increased with thyroid dysfunction  as compared to euthyroid patients.Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy, although has a low incidence, but is associated with adverse maternal and fetal implications. Thus, thyroid screening should be done in antenatal period to improve fetomaternal outcome.

scholarly journals Barriers to Adherence to Antimicrobial Stewardship Postprescription Review and Feedback For Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Agents: A Nested Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akane Takamatsu ◽  
Kenta Yao ◽  
Shutaro Murakami ◽  
Yasuaki Tagashira ◽  
Shinya Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Postprescription review and feedback (PPRF) is one of the most common strategies in antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) intervention. However, disagreements between the prescribers and ASP personnel can occur. The aim of the present study was to identify the factors associated with nonadherence to PPRF intervention. Methods The present retrospective nested case-control study was performed at a tertiary care center, which has been conducting a once-weekly PPRF for carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam since 2014. Nonadherence to ASP recommendations was defined as the failure of the primary care team to modify or stop antimicrobial therapy 72 hours after the issuance of PPRF recommendations. Factors associated with nonadherence to PPRF intervention were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results In total, 2466 instances of PPRF in 1714 cases between April 2014 and September 2019 were found. The nonadherence rate was 5.9%, and 44 cases were found in which carbapenems or piperacillin/tazobactam continued to be used against PPRF recommendations. Factors associated with nonadherence to PPRF recommendations were a previous history of hospitalization within 90 days (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–5.81) and a rapidly fatal McCabe score at the time of PPRF intervention (aOR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.18–6.98). A review of the narrative comments in the electronic medical records indicated that common reasons for nonadherence were “the patient was sick” (n = 12; 27.3%) and “the antimicrobial seemed to be clinically effective” (n = 9; 20.5%). Conclusions Nonadherence to PPRF recommendations was relatively uncommon at the study institution. However, patients with a severe disease condition frequently continued to receive broad-spectrum antimicrobials against PPRF recommendations. Understanding physicians’ cognitive process in nonadherence to ASP recommendations and ASP interventions targeting medical subspecialties caring for severely ill patients is needed to improve ASP.

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