Experimental evaluation of the Dideco D903 Avant 1.7 hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator

Membrane oxygenators have now gained wide acceptance. A new hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator, the Dideco D903 Avant 1.7, with an optimized membrane surface (1.7 m2) and a wavy blood flow pattern, was tested for gas transfer and blood path resistance in a standardized setting with surviving animals. Three calves (mean body weight 63.29 ± 2.9 kg) were connected to cardiopulmonary bypass by jugular venous and carotid arterial cannulation, classic roller pump and the Dideco D903 oxygenator with a mean flow rate of 53 ± 0.1 ml/kg/min for 6 h. After this time, the animals were weaned from the CPB and thereafter from the ventilator. After 7 days, the animals were killed electively. Blood gas analysis was performed before bypass, after mixing (10 min) and then hourly for the 6 h of perfusion. Further samples were taken 30 min (spontaneous breathing) and 60 min after bypass (extubated). Physiological blood gas values could be maintained throughout perfusion in all animals. Mean arterial oxygen saturation varied between 99.3% and 99.7% for the arterial side of the oxygenator compared to 64.6% and 71% for the venous side. The highest mean pressure drop through the oxygenator was 54 mmHg. Postbypass blood gas analysis showed physiological values and no evidence of major lung trauma or pulmonary oedema in relation to the 6 h perfusion. The hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator, Dideco D903, offers excellent gas exchange capabilities and a low pressure drop under experimental conditions, despite reduced membrane surface area. The post mortem examination did not show any deleterious lesion.

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Experimental evaluation of the Dideco Masterflo paediatric hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator

Perfusion ◽

10.1177/026765918900400308 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 223-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. von Segesser ◽

B. Leskosek ◽

F. Redha ◽

E. Garcia ◽

M. Turina

Keyword(s):

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽

Blood Count ◽

Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽

Hollow Fibre ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Mean Flow ◽

Hollow Fibre Membrane ◽

Plasma Haemoglobin ◽

Fibre Membrane

Nine mongrel dogs (mean bodyweight: 29 ± 6kg) were connected to cardiopulmonary bypass byfemorojugularvenous and femoral arterial cannulation, classic roller pump and the integrated Dideco D702 Masterflo hollow-fibre membrane oxygenatorwith a mean flow rate of 70ml/kg/min for six hours. Then the animals were weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass and thereafter weaned from the ventilator. After seven days all animals were sacrificed electively for necropsy. A standard battery of blood samples was taken before the bypass, after mixing (10 minutes), after two hours, five hours and six hours of perfusion. Further samples were taken 30 minutes after bypass (spontaneous breathing), 60 minutes after bypass (after extubation), 24 hours after bypass, 48 hours after bypass and seven days after bypass. Physiologic blood gas values could be maintained throughout perfusion in all animals. Mean arterial oxygen saturation varied between 99.7% and 99.9% for the arterial side of the oxygenator compared to 77.8% and 86.6% on the venous side. Post bypass blood gas analyses showed physiologic values and no evidence of major lung trauma or pulmonary oedema in relation to the six hours' bypass. Red blood count was 5.84 ± 0.02 before and 4.63 + 0.1 million/mm3 after mixing and dropped to 3.89 ± 0.52 till the end of the bypass. After seven days the red blood count was practically normalized with over 5,000,000 erythrocytes per mm3 at the end of the observation. Blood trauma evaluated in function of plasma haemoglobin and (thrombocyte) depletion showed the following results: prebypass: 2.3 ± 0.7 μmol/l plasma haemoglobin and (220 ± 24 thousand thrombocytes per mm3); after six hours perfusion: 26.2 ± 15.5 and (137 ± 12); after seven days: 9.3 ± 4.1 and (400 ± 125). Post mortem studies did not demonstrate any deleterious lesions.

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Blood compatibility of two different types of membrane oxygenator during cardiopulmonary bypass in infants

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/039139889401701006 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 543-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Y.J. Gu ◽

P.W. Boonstra ◽

C. Akkerman ◽

H. Mungroop ◽

I. Tigchelaar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽

Blood Compatibility ◽

Hollow Fibre ◽

Membrane Oxygenator ◽

Hollow Fibre Membrane ◽

Flat Sheet ◽

Fibre Membrane ◽

Membrane Oxygenators ◽

Flat Sheet Membrane ◽

Sheet Membrane

The contact of blood with the artificial extracorporeal circuit causes a systemic inflammatory response due to blood activation. In this study, we compared two different paediatric membrane oxygenators used for extracorporeal circulation: a hollow fibre membrane oxygenator (Dideco Masterflo D-701, n=10), and a flat sheet silicone membrane oxygenator (Avecor Kolobow 800-2A, n=10). Blood compatibility was indicated by measuring complement activation as well as leukocyte and platelet activation. In patients perfused with a flat sheet membrane oxygenator, concentrations of complement split products C3a were significantly increased 30 minutes after the start of bypass (p<0.01), whereas only a mild increase of C3a was found in patients perfused with a hollow fibre membrane oxygenator. Leukocyte and platelet counts dropped uniformly in both groups after the start of bypass mainly due to hemodilution. Activation of leukocytes and platelets identified by both plasma β-glucuronidase and β-thromboglobulin was similar in both groups. Infants perfused with a flat sheet membrane oxygenator received significantly more donor blood than those perfused with a hollow fibre oxygenator (p<0.05). These results indicate that when used during paediatric cardiopulmonary bypass, a flat sheet membrane oxygenator has a higher complement activity than a hollow fibre membrane oxygenator, which is probably due to the relatively larger blood-surface contacting area of the oxygenator.

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A Report on the Use of the New Capiox Hollow-Fibre Membrane Oxygenator

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x8401200214 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 155-158

Author(s):

H. Dodson ◽

P. Newland,* ◽

J. V. Pastoriza-Pinol ◽

J. McMillan ◽

R. McEgan

Keyword(s):

Hollow Fibre ◽

Membrane Oxygenator ◽

Hollow Fibre Membrane ◽

Fibre Membrane

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Determination of significant differences in performance of the Bentley BOS-CM 40 hollow fibre membrane oxygenator and the Polystan VT5000 venotherm bubble oxygenator

Perfusion ◽

10.1177/026765918700200408 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 289-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ludwig von Segesser

Keyword(s):

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽

Hollow Fibre ◽

Membrane Oxygenator ◽

Mean Flow ◽

Hollow Fibre Membrane ◽

Fibre Membrane ◽

Bubble Oxygenator ◽

Venous Oxygen Saturation ◽

The Difference

Ten mongrel dogs were connected to cardiopulmonary bypass by cavoaortic cannulation, classic roller pump and either Bentley BOS-CM 40 hollow fibre membrane oxygenator or Polystan VT5000 Venotherm bubble oxygenator for eight hours, with mean flow rate of 100 ml/kg min. Platelet counts (all values corrected by prebypass haematocrit) were significantly lower in the bubble oxygenator group after two hours of cardiopulmonary bypass (p < 0·01). Plasma haemoglobin production was significantly higher after two hours of cardiopulmonary bypass in the bubble oxygenator group (p < 0·01). Venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) was above 65% during the eight hours perfusion in the membrane oxygenator group. In the bubble oxygenator group, however, SvO2 was below 60% after six hours of cardiopulmonary bypass. After eight hours perfusion the difference in SvO2 between the two groups was significant (p < 0·05). Thus membrane oxygenators such as the Bentley BOS-CM 40 appear to be indicated in cardiopulmonary bypass of more than two hours duration.

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PVDF-TiO2 Hollow Fibre Membrane For Water Desalination

Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri ◽

10.21771/jrtppi.2021.v12.no1.p1-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Muthia Elma ◽

Mahmud Mahmud ◽

Nurul Huda ◽

Zaini L Assyaifi ◽

Elsa Nadia Pratiwi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sea Water ◽

Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽

Membrane Surface ◽

Hollow Fibre ◽

Water Desalination ◽

Hollow Fibre Membrane ◽

Fibre Membrane ◽

Dope Solution ◽

Feed Temperature ◽

Process Method

The clean water crisis is increasing along with the increasing human population. Sea water is one of the largest water sources that can be utilized on the earth. However, the high salt concentration dissolved in seawater must be treated before it can use. Desalination is the directly technology for treating seawater with PVDF-TiO2 hollow fibre membrane via pervaporation process. The aim of this research was to determine the performance of PVDF-TiO2 hollow fibre membrane against variations in feed temperature in the artificial seawater pervaporation process. Method for fabrication membrane is using dry-wet spinning method. The result showed that the highest flux permeat occurred at feed temperature of 60ºC, namely 8.96 kg.m-2.h-1 with salt rejection > 92.86%. The result via SEM showed that of the membrane surface morphology, there is a white spot on the membrane surface is TiO2 because the dope solution is too thick. The PVDF-TiO2 hollow fiber membrane in this research is can be applied for seawater pervaporation.

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Severe gas pathway obstruction of a hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator

Perfusion ◽

10.1177/026765919601100608 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 467-470 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Theodore L Zombolas ◽

David W Fried ◽

Benjamin N DeBenedetto ◽

Gabriel Mattioni ◽

Hasratt Mohamed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hollow Fibre ◽

Membrane Oxygenator ◽

Hollow Fibre Membrane ◽

Fibre Membrane

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Comparing the Liquid Heparin Syringe with Dry Bound Heparin Syringe for Blood Gas Analysis

Journal of Cardiac Critical Care TSS ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1709624 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (02) ◽

pp. 059-067

Author(s):

Manoj Kumar Sahu ◽

Seshagiribabu Yagani ◽

Dharmraj Singh ◽

Umed Singh ◽

Sarvesh Pal Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Partial Pressure ◽

Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Surgical Patients ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Surgical Intensive Care ◽

Accurate Analysis

Abstract Background Blood gas (BG) analysis is routine today for patient management in intensive care units. Accurate analysis of different parameters in the BG is essential for managing critical patients. Errors in BG analysis can happen at many levels, with one of them being at sampling and heparinization. We compared self-prepared heparinized syringes rinsed with liquid heparin (LH) and the standard commercially available syringes with dry bound heparin (DBH) for arterial BG analysis of postoperative cardiac surgical patients. Methods This prospective observational study was conducted in 100 consecutive adult cardiac surgical patients in the cardiac surgical intensive care unit. Paired samples were collected, analyzed immediately, and statistically compared for pH, partial pressure of arterial oxygen (pO2), partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (pCO2), oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2), HCO, Na+, K+, Cl–, Ca2+, Mg2+, base excess (BE), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit, glucose, and lactate. Paired parameters were compared and agreement was evaluated using Bland–Altman difference plots. The 95% limits of absolute agreement (LOA) were compared with total allowable error (TEa). Results The BG parameters analyzed by two types of heparinized (LH and DBH) syringes were found to be comparable with a negligible mean difference and had an agreement outside the TEa of 8% for pO2, pCO2, and hematocrit, 7% for BE, 6% for Mg2+, 5% for K+, Ca2+, and lactate, 4% for HCOand Na+, 3% for pH, Cl–, Hb, and glucose, and zero for SaO2. The two types of syringes did not show clinically relevant discrepancies among many different parameters as per LOA and TEa limits. Conclusion In this study, we found that the BG parameters—respiratory, metabolic, and electrolytes—were comparable between the two types of syringes used for sampling. Unlike some previous studies, we did not find statistically significant differences among these analytes, which might have been due to appropriate self-preparation of heparin syringes.

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Application of hollow fibre membrane reactor for biological removal of H2S

10.5194/biofilms9-45 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jewel Das ◽

Harish Ravishankar ◽

Piet Lens

Keyword(s):

Mass Transfer ◽

Membrane Surface ◽

Hollow Fibre ◽

Microbial Community Analysis ◽

Rayon Production ◽

Membrane Area ◽

Hollow Fibre Membrane ◽

Fibre Membrane ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Biological Methods

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic pollutant and harmful to human health. Industries such as pulp and paper manufacturing, rayon production, natural gas extraction and refining, and crude petroleum refineries generate waste gas streams with high H2S concentrations. Both physico-chemical and biological methods are used for H2S removal from the gas stream. Biological methods offer several advantages such as environmental friendly, less expensive and require simple operation and maintenance compared to physico-chemical methods. In this study, a hydrophilic hollow fibre membrane (HFM) based bioreactor configuration has been tested for biological H2S removal. Three reactors were fabricated and operated for ~ 3 months where two reactors were used for biological conversion process and the third reactor was used for abiotic process. The effective membrane area of a HFM module used in each reactor was 0.0138 m2. The bioreactors demonstrated efficient gas-liquid mass transfer through the HFM module and achieved ~ 99% removal efficiency with an elimination capacity of ~ 17.0 g m-3 h-1. The H2S flux of the bioreactor was ~ 0.20 g m-2 day-1 which was ~ 9 times higher than the abiotic reactor for an inlet H2S concentration of ~ 0.90 g m-3. The overall mass transfer coefficient value for the biotic process was 17.2 &#181;m s-1 which was ~ 25 times higher than the abiotic process. The bioreactors demonstrated both microbial attached growth on the membrane surface and suspended growth in the liquid phase. Microbial community analysis confirmed the presence of diverse sulfur-oxidizing bacteria at genus level including Acinetobacter, Dechloromonas, Hydrogenophaga, Rhodopseudomonas and Sulfurospirillum. Moreover, the enrichment of other bacterial genera such as ammonia-oxidizing (e.g. Nitrosospira), organic matter degrading (e.g. Trichococcus) and methanogenic (e.g. Methanosaeta) microorganisms demonstrate the diverse microbial ecology of the sludge growing in the bioreactor.

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The cardiovascular and respiratory effects of medetomidine and thiopentone anaesthesia in dogs breathing at an altitude of 1486 m

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association ◽

10.4102/jsava.v73i3.569 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. E. Joubert ◽

R. Lobetti

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Pulse Oximetry ◽

Arterial Oxygen Tension ◽

Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Respiratory Effects ◽

Observation Period

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cardio-respiratory effects of the combination of medetomidine and thiopentone followed by reversal with atipamezole as a combination for anaesthesia in 10 healthy German Shepherd dogs breathing spontaneously in a room at an altitude of 1486 m above sea level with an ambient air pressure of 651 mmHg. After the placement of intravenous and intra-arterial catheters, baseline samples were collected. Medetomidine (0.010 mg/kg) was administered intravenously and blood pressure and heart rate were recorded every minute for 5 minutes. Thiopentone was then slowly administered until intubation conditions were ideal. An endotracheal tube was placed and the dogs breathed room air spontaneously. Blood pressure, pulse oximetry, respiratory and heart rate, capnography, blood gas analysis and arterial lactate were performed or recorded every 10 minutes for the duration of the trial. Thiopentone was administered to maintain anaesthesia. After 60 minutes, atipamezole (0.025 mg/kg) was given intramuscularly. Data were recorded for the next 30 minutes. A dose of 8.7 mg/kg of thiopentone was required to anaesthetise the dogs after the administration of 0.010 mg/kg of medetomidine. Heart rate decreased from 96.7 at baseline to 38.5 5 minutes after the administration of medetomidine (P < 0.05). Heart rate then increased with the administration of thiopentone to 103.2 (P < 0.05). Blood pressure increased from 169.4/86.2 mmHg to 253.2/143.0 mmHg 5 minutes after the administration of medetomidine (P < 0.05). Blood pressure then slowly returned towards normal. Heart rate and blood pressure returned to baseline values after the administration of atipamezole. Arterial oxygen tension decreased from baseline levels (84.1 mmHg) to 57.8 mmHg after the administration of medetomidine and thiopentone (P < 0.05). This was accompanied by arterial desaturation from 94.7 to 79.7 % (P < 0.05). A decrease in respiratory rate from 71.8 bpm to 12.2 bpm was seen during the same period. Respiratory rates slowly increased over the next hour to 27.0 bpm and a further increases 51.4 bpm after the administration of atipamezole was seen (P < 0.05). This was maintained until the end of the observation period. Arterial oxygen tension slowly returned towards normal over the observation period. No significant changes in blood lactate were seen. No correlation was found between arterial saturation as determined by blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry. Recovery after the administration of atipamezole was rapid (5.9 minutes). In healthy dogs, anaesthesia can be maintained with a combination of medetomidine and thiopentone, significant anaesthetic sparing effects have been noted and recovery from anaesthesia is not unduly delayed. Hypoxaemia may be problematic. Appropriate monitoring should be done and oxygen supplementation and ventilatory support should be available. A poor correlation between SpO2 and SaO2 and ETCO2 and PaCO2 was found.

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Predictors of Intensive Care Unit admission in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease ◽

10.4081/monaldi.2020.1410 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Viviana Carlino ◽

Natja Valenti ◽

Flavio Cesaro ◽

Anita Costanzo ◽

Giovanna Cristiano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Gradient ◽

Icu Admission ◽

Arterial Blood

Italy is currently experiencing an epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Aim of our study is to identify the best predictors of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission in patients with Covid-19. We examined 28 patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) and subsequently confirmed as cases of Covid-19. Patients received, at the admission to the ED, a diagnostic work-up including: patient history, clinical examination, an arterial blood gas analysis (whenever possible performed on room air), laboratory blood tests, including serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), lung ultrasound examination and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax. For each patient, as gas exchange index through the alveolocapillary membrane, we determined the alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (AaDO⁠2) and the alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient augmentation (AaDO⁠2 augmentation). For each patient, as measurement of hypoxemia, we determined oxygen saturation (SpO2), partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO⁠2), PaO⁠2 deficit and the ratio between arterial partial pressure of oxygen by blood gas analysis and fraction of inspired oxygen (P/F). Patients were assigned to ICU Group or to Non-ICU Group basing on the decision to intubate. Areas under the curve (AUC) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to compare the performance of each test in relation to prediction of ICU admission. Comparing patients of ICU Group (10 patients) with patients of Non-ICU Group (18 patients), we found that the first were older, they had more frequently a medical history of malignancy and they were more frequently admitted to ED for dyspnea. Patients of ICU Group had lower oxygen saturation, PaO⁠2, P/F and higher heart rate, respiratory rate, AaDO⁠2, AaDO⁠2 augmentation and lactate than patients of Non-ICU Group. ROC curves demonstrate that age, heart rate, respiratory rate, dyspnea, lactate, AaDO2, AaDO2 augmentation, white blood cell count, neutrophil count and percentage, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose level, international normalized ratio (INR), blood urea and IL-6 are useful predictors of ICU admission. We identified several predictors of ICU admission in patients with Covid-19. They can act as fast tools for the early identification and timely treatment of critical cases since their arrival in the ED.

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