scholarly journals The moderating effect of psychedelics on the prospective relationship between prescription opioid use and suicide risk among marginalized women

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1385-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Argento ◽  
Melissa Braschel ◽  
Zach Walsh ◽  
M Eugenia Socias ◽  
Kate Shannon
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
P Value ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Marginalized Women ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use ◽  
The Relationship

Background/aims: Given high rates of depression and suicide among marginalized women, and increasing calls to integrate trauma-informed biomedical and community-led structural interventions, this study longitudinally examines the potential moderating effect of psychedelic use on the relationship between other illicit drug use and suicide risk. Methods: Data (2010–2017) were drawn from a community-based, prospective open cohort of marginalized women in Vancouver, Canada. Extended Cox regression analyses examined the moderating effect of psychedelic use on the association between other illicit drug use and incidence of suicidal ideation or attempt over follow-up. Results: Of 340 women without suicidal ideation or attempt at baseline, 16% ( n=53) reported a first suicidal episode during follow-up, with an incidence density of 4.63 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 3.53–6.07). In unadjusted analysis, psychedelic use moderated the relationship between prescription opioid use and suicide risk: among women who did not use psychedelics, prescription opioid use increased the hazard of suicide (hazard ratio 2.91; 95% confidence interval 1.40–6.03) whereas prescription opioid use was not associated with increased suicidal ideation or attempt among those who used psychedelics (hazard ratio 0.69; 95% confidence interval 0.27–1.73) (interaction term p-value: 0.016). The moderating effect of psychedelics remained significant when adjusted for confounders (interaction term p-value: 0.036). Conclusions: Psychedelic use had a protective moderating effect on the relationship between prescription opioid use and suicide risk. In the context of a severe public health crisis around prescription opioids and lack of addiction services tailored to marginalized women, this study supports calls for innovative, evidence-based and trauma-informed interventions, including further research on the potential benefits of psychedelics.

Suicidal ideation and attempts following nonmedical use of prescription opioids and related disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Julian Santaella-Tenorio ◽  
Silvia S. Martins ◽  
Magdalena Cerdá ◽  
Mark Olfson ◽  
Katherine M. Keyes
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Prescription Opioids ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

Abstract Background Since 1999, the rate of fatal prescription opioid overdoses and of suicides has dramatically increased in the USA. These increases, which have occurred among similar demographic groups, have led to the hypothesis that the opioid epidemic contributed to increases in suicidal behavior, though the underlying association remains poorly defined. We examine the association between nonmedical use of prescription opioids/opioid use disorder and suicidal ideation/attempts. Methods We used longitudinal data from a national representative sample of the US adult population, the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Participants (n = 34 653) were interviewed in 2001–2002 (wave 1) and re-interviewed approximately 3 years later (wave 2). A propensity score analysis estimated the association between exposure to prescription opioids at wave 1 and prevalent/incident suicidal behavior at wave 2. Results Heavy/frequent (⩾2–3 times a month) prescription opioid use was associated with prevalent suicide attempts [adjusted risk ratio (ARR) = 2.75, 95% CI 1.35–5.60]. Prescription opioid use disorder was associated with prevalent (ARR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.20–3.28) and incident suicidal ideation (ARR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.25–5.37), and prevalent attempts (ARR = 4.19, 95% CI 1.71–10.27). None of the exposures was associated with incident suicide attempts. Conclusions Heavy/frequent opioid use and related disorder were associated with prevalent suicide attempts; opioid use disorder was also associated with the incident and prevalent suicidal ideation. Given population increases in nonmedical use of prescription opioids and disorder, the opioid crisis may have contributed to population increases in suicidal ideation.

Analyzing the relationship between nonmedical prescription-opioid use and heroin use

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiulu Ruan, MD ◽  
Melville Q. Wyche, III, MD ◽  
Alan David Kaye, MD, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Heroin Use ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use ◽  
The Relationship

No abstract

Energy drinks and energy shot use associated with non- medical prescription opioid use among adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff M. Housman ◽  
Ronald D. Williams ◽  
Conrad L. Woolsey
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
School Students ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use ◽  
The Relationship

We investigated the relationship between energy drinks (ED), energy shot (ES) and non-medicalopioid use among high school students. Logistic regression indicated ED use was a significant predictor ofnon-medical Vicodin (OR = 1.314, P < 0.05) use but not non-medical Oxycontin use (OR = 1.050 P= 0.073) and ES use was a statistically significant predictor of non-medical use of Vicodin (OR = 1.545,P < 0.01) and Oxycontin use (OR = 1.590 P < 0.001). Mann-Whitney U tests indicated significantlygreater non-medical opioid use among students who used ED and ES than those who did not.

scholarly journals Abnormal Glycemic Control, Obesity, and Increased Infection Risk in Patients on Chronic Opioid Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Opioid Therapy ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Since 2007, the rate of opioids prescribing has steadily increased among physicians more likely to manage acute and chronic pain. Most health care workers are well aware of prescription opioid-related risks of addiction and overdose; however, the recent studies have shown other potential risks such as: abnormal glycemic control, obesity, and increased risk of infections. In this review, we discuss the latest available evidence examining the relationship of prescription opioid use with increased obesity, abnormal glycemic control, and risk of infections.

scholarly journals Suicidal ideation among adults with a recent sexual assault: Prescription opioid use and prior sexual assault

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 120-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Gilmore ◽  
Christine K. Hahn ◽  
Anna E. Jaffe ◽  
Kate Walsh ◽  
Angela D. Moreland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document